RESUMO
We describe a 22-week female fetus after pregnancy was terminated because of fetal magnetic resonance imaging showing a large left cerebral hemispheric cleft suggestive of porencephaly or schizencephaly. Postmortem examination revealed a large cavernous angioma of the left opercular region with evidence of previous hemorrhage and extensive cerebral infarction. In the right hemisphere, another vascular malformation within the frontal germinal matrix consisted of an aggregate of primitive vessels not yet canalized. Selective dysgenesis of the right subiculum also was demonstrated. This case illustrates not only a severe encephaloclastic effect of cavernous angioma in fetal brain but also the importance of fetal autopsy to help correlate and explain fetal neuroimaging. Potential future prenatal treatment of fetal angiomata requires precise in utero diagnosis.
Assuntos
Agenesia do Corpo Caloso/etiologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiologia , Hemangioma Cavernoso/complicações , Hemangioma Cavernoso/embriologia , Angiografia Cerebral , Hemorragia Cerebral/patologia , Feminino , Feto , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Gravidez , Complicações na GravidezRESUMO
The fetal cerebellar structure, size and consistency are looked at in every system survey. Among the acquired cerebellar events that might change the cerebellar consistency are haemorrhage, infections in utero and neoplasia. Additional fetal malformations, if present, assist in making the final diagnosis. We present a case of an isolated echogenic mass in one of the cerebellar hemispheres along with the differential diagnosis.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Cerebelares/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Fetais/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangioma Cavernoso/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal , Aborto Terapêutico , Adulto , Neoplasias Cerebelares/embriologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Doenças Fetais/embriologia , Hemangioma Cavernoso/embriologia , Humanos , GravidezAssuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Hemangioma/patologia , Mastócitos/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/congênito , Neoplasias Encefálicas/embriologia , Artérias Cerebrais/embriologia , Artérias Cerebrais/patologia , Veias Cerebrais/embriologia , Veias Cerebrais/patologia , Hemangioblastoma/embriologia , Hemangioblastoma/patologia , Hemangioma/congênito , Hemangioma/embriologia , Hemangioma Cavernoso/congênito , Hemangioma Cavernoso/embriologia , Hemangioma Cavernoso/patologia , Humanos , Neovascularização Patológica , FenótipoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Fetal cardiac tumors are rare and have a different histology than in adults: in the fetus, rhabdomyoma is more prevalent, but myxoma has not been described. We report our experience with nine fetuses with prenatally diagnosed primary cardiac tumours. METHODS: This is an observational and descriptive study of fetuses investigated because of the prenatal and echographic diagnosis of heart tumors. RESULTS: There were nine fetuses with thirteen cardiac masses among more than 700 fetal echocardiographic studies performed by pediatric cardiologists. Histology was available in four of them; three rhabdomyomas and once cavernous hemangioma. In one of the cases, the parents elected to interrupt the pregnancy; three patients died in the neonatal period (two as a direct consequence of the tumors and one due to sepsis) and we have no histological information regarding any of the other five fetuses. The subjects who survived beyond the neonatal period are mostly doing well. However, one developed tuberous sclerosis and another developed a hypoplastic left heart syndrome, perhaps due to the massive restriction of flow across the foramen ovale. The tumors in the other cases were well tolerated and hemodynamic or arrhythmic consequences were minimal of absent. No women with risk factors such as tuberous sclerosis were included in our study. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal cardiac tumors are rare and display a different histology. We recommend a conservative approach to treatment.
Assuntos
Ecocardiografia , Doenças Fetais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cardíacas/embriologia , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal , Feminino , Doenças Fetais/patologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patologia , Hemangioma Cavernoso/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangioma Cavernoso/embriologia , Hemangioma Cavernoso/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Miocárdio/patologia , Gravidez , Rabdomioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Rabdomioma/embriologia , Rabdomioma/patologiaRESUMO
The therapeutic outcome of congenital vascular malformations generally parallels the complexity of the lesion. The less extensive malformations that are prone to regression may be observed. Larger lesions that produce facial asymmetry or have diffuse extremity involvement require a more aggressive approach. Even with the limitations of current treatment methods these extensive malformations can usually be controlled thus affording the patient a better life.