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1.
Childs Nerv Syst ; 40(8): 2373-2384, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38801444

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) of prematurity occurs in 20-38% of infants born < 28 weeks gestational age and 15% of infants born in 28-32 weeks gestational age. Treatment has evolved from conservative management and CSF diversion of temporizing and shunting procedures to include strategies aimed at primarily clearing intraventricular blood products. Neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) aims to decrease the intraventricular blood burden under the same anesthetic as temporizing CSF diversion measures in cases of hydrocephalus from IVH of prematurity. Given the variety of neuroendoscopes, we sought to review the literature and practical considerations to help guide neuroendoscope selection when planning NEL. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the literature on neuroendoscopic lavage in IVH of prematurity to examine data on the choice of neuroendoscope and outcomes regarding shunt rate. We then collected manufacturer data on neuroendoscopic devices, including inflow and outflow mechanisms, working channel specifications, and tools compatible with the working channel. We paired this information with the advantages and disadvantages reported in the literature and observations from the experiences of pediatric neurosurgeons from several institutions to provide a pragmatic evaluation of international clinical experience with each neuroendoscope in NEL. RESULTS: Eight studies were identified; four neuroendoscopes have been used for NEL as reported in the literature. These include the Karl Storz Flexible Neuroendoscope, LOTTA® system, GAAB system, and Aesculap MINOP® system. The LOTTA® and MINOP® systems were similar in setup and instrument options. Positive neuroendoscope features for NEL include increased degrees of visualization, better visualization with the evolution of light and camera sources, the ability to sterilize with autoclave processes, balanced inflow and outflow mechanisms via separate channels, and a working channel. Neuroendoscope disadvantages for NEL may include special sterilization requirements, large outer diameter, and limitations in working channels. CONCLUSIONS: A neuroendoscope integrating continuous irrigation, characterized by measured inflow and outflow via separate channels and multiple associated instruments, appears to be the most commonly used technology in the literature. As neuroendoscopes evolve, maximizing clear visualization, adequate inflow, measured outflow, and large enough working channels for paired instrumentation while minimizing the footprint of the outer diameter will be most advantageous when applied for NEL in premature infants.


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Neuroendoscopia , Irrigação Terapêutica , Humanos , Neuroendoscopia/métodos , Neuroendoscopia/instrumentação , Recém-Nascido , Irrigação Terapêutica/métodos , Irrigação Terapêutica/instrumentação , Hemorragia Cerebral/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Neuroendoscópios , Doenças do Prematuro/cirurgia , Doenças do Prematuro/terapia
2.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 34(3): 122-127, mayo - jun. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-219969

RESUMO

Introduction Preterm-related posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus is a major cause of neurological impairment and a common indication for a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in infants that are prone to diverse complications. Protocols of diagnosis and treatment are in continuous evolution and require evaluation of their results. Objective To review the clinical characteristics and results of a series of preterm-related posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus needing a definitive shunt from 1982 to 2020 in our institution. As a secondary objective we evaluated the safety of the changes in our protocol of treatment from 2015. Methods Retrospective review, clinical investigation. Results 133 patients were implanted a shunt in the study period. Shunt infection was diagnosed in 15 patients. Proximal shunt obstruction as the first complication was diagnosed in 30% of cases at one year, 37% at two years and 46% at five years. 61 patients developed very small or collapsed ventricles at last follow-up. Two thirds of our patients achieved normal neurological development or mild impairment. Changes in protocol did not significantly modify clinical results although improvement in most outcomes was observed. Mean follow-up was over nine years. Conclusions Clinical outcomes are comparable to previous reported data. Changes in protocol proved to be safe and improved our results. Programmable shunts can be used safely in preterm patients although they may not prevent tendency towards ventricular collapse, which is very common after long follow-up (AU)


Antecedentes La hidrocefalia poshemorrágica del prematuro continúa siendo una causa importante de lesión cerebral perinatal y una indicación frecuente de cirugía derivativa valvular en un grupo de pacientes particularmente vulnerable y expuesto a complicaciones. Los protocolos de diagnóstico y tratamiento están en continua evolución y requieren un análisis de los resultados asociados a ellos. Objetivo Revisar las características clínicas y los resultados de tratamiento en una serie de prematuros con hidrocefalia poshemorrágica en los que se implantó una derivación ventriculoperitoneal permanente en nuestro hospital entre 1982 y 2000. Como objetivo secundario evaluamos la seguridad de los cambios introducidos en nuestro protocolo desde 2015. Material y método Estudio clínico retrospectivo, serie de casos. Resultados 133 prematuros requirieron una derivación ventriculoperitoneal permanente en el tiempo de estudio. En 15 de ellos se diagnosticó una infección del sistema de derivación. La obstrucción proximal de la derivación como primera complicación posquirúrgica ocurrió en un 30% de los pacientes al primer año, en el 37% de los pacientes a los dos años y en el 46% de los casos a los 5 años de seguimiento. 61 pacientes desarrollaron un colapso ventricular clínico o radiológico. Dos tercios de los pacientes presentaron un desarrollo psicomotor normal o un retraso de carácter leve. Los cambios incorporados en nuestro protocolo de tratamiento no modificaron la evolución clínica significativamente, aunque se asociaron a una evolución globalmente más favorable. La media de seguimiento fue superior a los 9 años. Conclusiones Los resultados clínicos presentados se encuentran en línea con las series publicadas, Los cambios incorporados en nuestro protocolo actualizado demostraron ser seguros y pueden asociarse a una evolución más favorable (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Doenças do Prematuro , Seguimentos , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/complicações , Hidrocefalia/etiologia , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal
3.
World Neurosurg ; 156: 22, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34506984

RESUMO

Intraventricular hemorrhage and the subsequent development of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is one of the most serious complication of prematurity, especially in extremely low birth weight infants.1 Neurodevelopmental delay, epilepsy, and severe cognitive impairment represent common sequelae of PHH.2,3 A ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion in such premature infants is associated with higher rates of skin erosion, infection, and shunt failure.4 One therapeutic option is represented by the use of temporary cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures (such as external ventricular drainage, subcutaneous reservoir, and ventriculosubgaleal shunt) to gain time avoiding the PHH secondary damages.5,6 An extremely low birth weight (birth weight = 653 g) infant at 24 + 4 gestational age weeks presented with a grade III intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular hemorrhagic infarction 5 days after birth. Serial transfontanellar ultrasound disclosed a progressive PHH. Progressive symptomatic PHH, pulmonary hemodynamic instability, and suboptimal general prematurity conditions were the main factors that led to plan a percutaneous transfontanellar ultrasound-guided external ventricular drainage at the neonatal intensive care unit. The illustrated procedure represents a bedside minimally invasive, effective, reversible, and sparing-time choice alternative to other temporary cerebrospinal fluid diversion techniques. This edited, 2-dimensional operative video highlights the key surgical steps of the proposed procedure (Video 1). All relevant patient identifiers have been removed from the video. Nevertheless, the parent's consent was obtained regarding the procedure, video recording, and redistribution for educational purposes.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Ventrículos Cerebrais/cirurgia , Derivações do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/métodos , Drenagem/métodos , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Recém-Nascido de Peso Extremamente Baixo ao Nascer , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/complicações , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Ventrículos Cerebrais/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidrocefalia/etiologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Prematuro/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Prematuro/cirurgia
4.
Rev. medica electron ; 43(4): 1108-1117, 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1341540

RESUMO

RESUMEN La hemorragia interventricular es una complicación frecuente en el recién nacido prematuro. Se presentó el caso con el objetivo de describir las complicaciones en la hemorragia intraventricular en el recién nacido. Se trató de una recién nacida, producto de un embarazo de 30 semanas de gestación, con peso al nacer de 1 600 g. Desarrolló una hemorragia intraventricular e hidrocefalia que requirió diferentes intervenciones neuroquirúrgicas y desarrolló complicaciones sépticas graves. La ventriculitis y los abscesos cerebrales fueron las complicaciones más peligrosas. Se realizaron lavados ventriculares. Se utilizó antibióticos intraventriculares y también antibioticoterapia sistémica, cambios frecuentes de catéter de derivación al exterior y permanencia de una derivación ventricular externa por 102 días. Después de seis meses de evolución, de más de veinte intervenciones quirúrgicas, y de haber sufrido severas complicaciones sépticas, se logró realizar la derivación ventrículo-peritoneal definitiva, lográndose su egreso. Al año de vida, la paciente mantiene un desarrollo psicomotor adecuado (AU).


ABSTRACT The interventricular hemorrhage is a frequent complication in the premature newborn baby. The case was presente with the aim of describing the complications of intraventricular hemorrhage in the newborn baby. It dealed with a female newborn baby, product of a 30 weeks pregnancy, with weight at birth of 1 600 g. She developed intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus that required different neurosurgical interventions and developed serious septic complications. Ventriculitis and brain abscesses were the most dangerous complications. Ventricular lavages were performed. Intraventricular antibiotics were used as well as systemic antibiotic therapy, frequent changes of bypass catheter to the exterior and permanence of an external ventricular bypass for 102 days. And permanence of an external ventricular shunt for 102 days. After six months of evolution, more than twenty surgical interventions, and having suffered severe septic complications, it was possible to perform the definitive ventricular-peritoneal bypass, achieving her discharge. At a year of life, the patient maintains adequate psychomotor development (AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro/fisiologia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/complicações , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Recém-Nascido Prematuro/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/tratamento farmacológico , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico
5.
World Neurosurg ; 150: e771-e776, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33819701

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is associated with a high mortality rate and poor functional outcome, even with recent neurosurgical developments. IVH requires emergent surgery to save the patient's life, but the optimal surgical strategy remains controversial. We assessed the results obtained with our tailor-made endoscopic surgical strategy for severe IVH with obstructive hydrocephalus. METHODS: Consecutive patients with severe IVH owing to intracerebral hemorrhage who were treated with endoscopic surgery in the acute phase were retrospectively reviewed. Both rigid and flexible endoscopes were used for removal of hematoma in the whole ventricular system. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and septostomy were performed as appropriate in each individual case. RESULTS: Eight patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Sufficient IVH removal without neglecting the fourth ventricle was achieved with our technique in 6 of 8 cases (75.0%). Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and septostomy were added in 4 cases each (50.0%). Four patients (50.0%) had a marked recovery and a good outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2) despite disease severity at onset. The procedure was completed successfully in all cases, and there were no surgery-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that our tailor-made endoscopic surgical strategy for severe IVH with obstructive hydrocephalus may be beneficial.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Neuroendoscopia/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
BMJ Case Rep ; 14(1)2021 Jan 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33431447

RESUMO

A 30-year-old man walked into the emergency department after a suicide attempt by firing a nail from a pneumatic nail gun directed at his left temple. He was haemodynamically stable and neurologically intact, able to recall all events and moving all extremities with a Glascow Coma Scale of 15. CT of the brain showed a 6.3 cm nail in the right frontal region without major intracerebral vessel disruption. He was taken to the operating room for left temporal wound washout, debridement of gross contamination and closure with titanium cranial fixation plate. The foreign body was not accessible on initial surgical intervention and was left in place to define anatomy and plan for subsequent removal. Thin slice CT images were used to create 3D reconstructions to facilitate stereotactic navigation and foreign body removal via right craniotomy the following day. The patient tolerated the procedures well and recovered with full neurological function.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Craniotomia , Corpos Estranhos/cirurgia , Traumatismos Cranianos Penetrantes/cirurgia , Automutilação/cirurgia , Tentativa de Suicídio , Adulto , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/etiologia , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Corpos Estranhos/etiologia , Traumatismos Cranianos Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Cranianos Penetrantes/etiologia , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Masculino , Automutilação/diagnóstico , Automutilação/etiologia , Crânio/diagnóstico por imagem , Crânio/lesões , Crânio/cirurgia
7.
J Korean Med Sci ; 36(1): e4, 2021 Jan 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33398941

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the characteristics of patients with spontaneous thalamic hemorrhage (STH) accompanied by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) with those of patients without IVH. METHODS: The medical records of consecutive patients with STH admitted to our institute between January 2000 and December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The laboratory and radiological results, mortality, and functional recovery were compared between the STH patients with IVH and those without IVH. RESULTS: Among 2,389 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, 233 (9.8%) patients were included in this study. Concurrent IVH was detected in 159 (68.2%) patients with STH, and more frequently in those with body mass index ≥ 25, Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3-8, underlying disease, family history of stoke, posterior/medial/global location of hematoma, ventriculomegaly, large volume of hemorrhage, and midline shift ≥ 5 mm. The 3-month mortality was 25.8% and 8.1% (P = 0.039), the rate of good functional recovery at 6 months was 52.2% and 31.0% (P = 0.040), and incidence of delayed normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) at 12 months was 10.8% and 24.5% (P = 0.062) in the STH patients with IVH and those without IVH, respectively. At 12 months, delayed NPH developed in 28 of 47 (59.6%) patients who received external ventricular drainage (EVD)-based treatment, 5 of 45 (11.1%) patients who underwent endoscopic evacuation-based treatment, and 8 of 45 (17.8%) patients who underwent other surgeries. CONCLUSION: Concurrent IVH is strongly associated with mortality in patients with STH. Delayed NPH may develop more frequently in STH patients with IVH who were treated with EVD.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral/patologia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/patologia , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Hemorragia Cerebral/complicações , Hemorragia Cerebral/mortalidade , Hemorragia Cerebral/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/complicações , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/mortalidade , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Drenagem , Feminino , Escala de Coma de Glasgow , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/complicações , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico , Hidrocefalia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
World Neurosurg ; 142: 131-135, 2020 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32565382

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) can often be successfully treated with endovascular embolization; however, surgery is occasionally still required. CASE DESCRIPTION: Herein, we discuss a 65-year-old male patient who presented with a Hunt-Hess IV subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and cerebellar intracranial hemorrhage secondary to a ruptured Borden type III tentorial (straight sinus) dAVF. Angiography revealed supply from the left occipital and posterior meningeal arteries and direct drainage into the cerebellar cortical veins with venous aneurysms in both cerebellar hemispheres. Both transarterial and transvenous embolization were attempted, without success. Therefore, the patient was taken to the operating room for clip ligation of the dAVF. The operative video demonstrates a bilateral suboccipital craniotomy and supracerebellar infratentorial approach for surgical clipping of the dAVF. CONCLUSIONS: The case and operative video provide a valuable addition to surgical literature in an era where surgical management of dAVFs has become relatively rare.


Assuntos
Malformações Vasculares do Sistema Nervoso Central/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Dura-Máter/cirurgia , Microcirurgia/métodos , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/cirurgia , Instrumentos Cirúrgicos , Idoso , Malformações Vasculares do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico por imagem , Cerebelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Cerebelo/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Dura-Máter/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Lobo Occipital/diagnóstico por imagem , Lobo Occipital/cirurgia , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/diagnóstico por imagem
9.
Neurol India ; 68(2): 458-461, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32415024

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: External ventricular drainage (EVD) is one of the commonest procedures in neurosurgical practice to manage acute hydrocephalus. We evaluated the infectious and non-infectious complications associated with a modified technique for EVD using an Ommaya reservoir. METHODS: Ommaya reservoir was placed in all patients who required EVD placement for CSF drainage. CSF drainage was achieved using a needle placed in a non-coring fashion percutaneously into the Ommaya reservoir to achieve CSF drainage externally. CSF was monitored for signs of infection regularly using CSF biochemistry and cultures. CSF infection was defined by a positive culture or a secondary infection in patients with already infected CSF. RESULTS: 59 patients required continuous CSF drainage during the study period from January 2014 to June 2017. 46 (77.96%) patients had non-infected CSF at time of starting drainage and 13 (22.03%) patients required external CSF drainage for primarily infected CSF. The study period had a total of 793 CSF drainage days (Range 3-64 days) with an average of 13.4 days per patient. The cumulative rate of new infection was 5.08%. No ventricular catheter blockage or dislodgement was seen in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: External ventricular drainage through an Ommaya chamber is a safe and effective method and can be used to reduce the catheter related complications like infection, catheter blockage and dislodgement.


Assuntos
Cateteres de Demora , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Ventriculite Cerebral/cirurgia , Drenagem/métodos , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Implantação de Prótese , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/cirurgia , Ventriculostomia/métodos , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Drenagem/instrumentação , Equipamentos e Provisões , Feminino , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/etiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Couro Cabeludo , Ventriculostomia/instrumentação , Adulto Jovem
10.
World Neurosurg ; 140: 60-62, 2020 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32407921

RESUMO

Granular cell tumors of the pituitary gland are rare, slow-growing lesions arising from the neurohypophysis or pituitary stalk. We describe an extremely rare presentation of a pituitary granular cell tumor mimicking an anterior communicating artery aneurysmal rupture with ventricular hemorrhage. The patient was admitted in a comatose state and underwent urgent bilateral external ventricular drainage. Further diagnostic investigation revealed a sellar tumoral mass with suprasellar extension. No vascular anomalies, hormonal abnormalities, or visual disturbances were observed. Macroscopic complete resection without neurologic impairment was obtained via a right pterional approach. Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus necessitated ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, and hormonal substitution for panhypopituitarism was provided. The 5-year follow-up examination showed no tumor recurrence. The clinical course of these benign World Health Organization grade I lesions will normally correspond to nonsecreting pituitary adenomas with an insidious development of visual disturbances, hypopituitarism, or hydrocephalus. Sudden onset with potential catastrophic intratumoral and intraventricular hemorrhage is very uncommon.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/etiologia , Tumor de Células Granulares/complicações , Tumor de Células Granulares/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/complicações , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Adulto , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Tumor de Células Granulares/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/cirurgia
11.
World Neurosurg ; 134: e540-e548, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31678444

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: We present the application of the BrainPath endoport-assisted microsurgical device (EAMD) as a treatment modality for patients with severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) secondary to spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). METHODS: Patients with severe secondary IVH (defined as Graeb score [GS] >6) who presented to Saint Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 2017 to 2019 were treated with the minimally invasive approach for IVH evacuation using the atraumatic BrainPath aspiration system. RESULTS: Three patients (2 men and 1 woman) with a mean age of 54 years were included in this study. The mean preoperative GS was 10.0 with a modified GS of 23.3. The mean postoperative GS was 4.0 (P = 0.001) with a modified GS of 10.67 (P = 0.001). There were no complications related to the surgery itself in any of the reported cases. CONCLUSIONS: BrainPath EAMD evacuation of severe IVH secondary to sICH appears to be a safe and effective treatment modality that significantly increases the extent of IVH clearance, which could also lead to improved long-term patient outcomes.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Microcirurgia/instrumentação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/instrumentação , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microcirurgia/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Paracentese/instrumentação
12.
World Neurosurg ; 135: 217-221, 2020 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31698125

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Meningiomas are the most common benign intracranial tumor. Although meningiomas are slow growing and potentially highly vascularized, hemorrhage of these tumors is rare. We propose 2 novel modifiable risk factors that may provoke intratumoral hemorrhage of a World Health Organization grade I meningioma. CASE DESCRIPTION: We outline the clinical presentation of a 56-year-old female with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage with intraventricular extension in a coma from a petroclival meningioma taking escitalopram for depression and high-dose estrogen replacement therapy for menopause. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of World Health Organization grade I meningioma. Postoperatively, the patient declined neurologically and developed vasospasm of the basilar artery, as well as seizures, fever, and new-onset atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous hemorrhage of meningiomas is a rare event. Known risk factors are age older than 70 or younger than 30; intraventricular or convexity location; malignant, fibrous, or angioblastic histopathology; and presence of hypertension, anticoagulation therapy, and traumatic brain injury. We propose 2 new risk factors to be considered that may predispose to hemorrhage of a meningioma: serotonin-modulating therapy and high-dose estrogen-replacement.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/etiologia , Citalopram/uso terapêutico , Terapia de Reposição de Estrogênios , Neoplasias Meníngeas/complicações , Meningioma/complicações , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/uso terapêutico , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/etiologia , Artéria Basilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Coma/etiologia , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Descompressão Cirúrgica , Estrogênios/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirurgia , Meningioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Meningioma/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos , Fatores de Risco , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/cirurgia , Vasodilatadores/uso terapêutico , Vasoespasmo Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Vasoespasmo Intracraniano/tratamento farmacológico , Vasoespasmo Intracraniano/etiologia , Verapamil/uso terapêutico
13.
World Neurosurg ; 131: e562-e569, 2019 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31400527

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive surgical techniques may have beneficial effects on spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Accurate localization of the hematoma and real-time guided puncture are more important in minimally invasive surgical procedures than in traditional craniotomy. Here, we introduce a novel simple puncture positioning and guidance system for intracerebral hematoma and demonstrate its utility for hematoma puncture surgery in a simulation experiment and series of patients. METHODS: We describe the device and use of the technique for hematoma puncture surgery in basal ganglia hematomas and report on the precision of the simulation experiments compared to that of freehand puncture, as well as its clinical application in 16 cases. RESULTS: The accuracy of this technique was superior to that of freehand puncture. All 16 patients underwent successful puncturing of the hematoma cavity or ventricles only once without any related complications. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a novel simple puncture positioning and guidance system that has the advantages of simplicity, low-cost, device availability, and individual real-time guidance. We believe this system may be useful in resource-limited centers where navigation is not available.


Assuntos
Hemorragia dos Gânglios da Base/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Drenagem/métodos , Hematoma/cirurgia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Punções/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Hemorragia Cerebral/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador
14.
Cerebrovasc Dis ; 47(3-4): 105-111, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30947170

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Homozygosity of this p.R4810K founder variant of RNF213moyamoya disease (MMD) susceptibility gene is known to influence the severity of the clinical disease phenotype at disease onset. However, the association between this genotype and long-term clinical manifestations has remained unclear. OBJECTIVES: The principal goal of this study was to investigate whether and how the p.R4810K variant of RNF213influences the long-term phenotype in Japanese patients with MMD. METHOD: This retrospective cohort study included 94 Japanese patients with MMD who underwent direct or combined bypass for revascularization with the p.R4810K genotype determined in our hospital. The following phenotypic parameters were analyzed at disease onset and over a long-term period: age and initial presentation at onset, recurrent stroke after initial revascularization, and final modified Rankin Scale. RESULTS: The p.R4810K genotype was significantly associated with the phenotype at onset, especially in younger patients. Over a median follow-up period of 100 months, recurrent stroke occurred in 6 out of 94 patients: none out of 5 patients with the homozygous variant, 5 out of 64 with the heterozygous variant, and 1 out of 25 in the wild-type group. There were no significant differences among the genotypes. In particular, recurrent cerebral hemorrhage occurred in 5 patients, all possessing the heterozygous variant. The log-rank test showed no difference between the genotypes in the stroke-free survival rate. Furthermore, the p.R4810K genotype was not associated with a poor functional condition. CONCLUSIONS: The p.R4810K founder variant of RNF213 affects the phenotype at disease onset. However, the optimal revascularization may be effective, regardless of the genotype, even for the homozygous variant, which has been thought to be the most pathogenic. This genotype may not strongly influence the long-term clinical manifestations or poor prognosis in MMD.


Assuntos
Adenosina Trifosfatases/genética , Infarto Encefálico/genética , Hemorragia Cerebral/genética , Variação Genética , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/genética , Doença de Moyamoya/genética , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Infarto Encefálico/diagnóstico , Infarto Encefálico/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/genética , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Revascularização Cerebral , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Associação Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Lactente , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/diagnóstico , Ataque Isquêmico Transitório/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Moyamoya/diagnóstico , Doença de Moyamoya/terapia , Fenótipo , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Tóquio , Adulto Jovem
15.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis ; 28(5): e46-e50, 2019 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30772161

RESUMO

Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is an uncommon late complication after cranial irradiation. Its hemorrhagic presentation from the associated pseudo-aneurysm is extremely rare, and the optimal management strategy is undetermined. We herein report a 36-year-old man who developed intraventricular hemorrhage from a pseudo-aneurysm at the extended left anterior choroidal artery as an abnormal collateral of MMS 30 years after surgical removal and cranial irradiation for childhood craniopharyngioma. Catheter angiography confirmed the diagnosis of MMS, and multiple pseudo-aneurysms were evident at the ipsilateral abnormal choroidal collateral, one of which was considered to be a source of bleeding. The patient underwent left superficial temporal artery (STA)-middle cerebral artery (MCA) anastomosis with indirect pial synangiosis based on the observation that the development of choroidal collateral may be associated with a high rebleeding risk in hemorrhagic moyamoya disease. The patient was discharged without neurological deficit, and postoperative magnetic resonance angiography confirmed the STA-MCA bypass to be patent. Catheter angiography 1 year after revascularization surgery revealed the complete disappearance of the pseudoaneurysms with the apparently patent STA-MCA bypass. The patient did not exhibit any cerebrovascular events during the follow-up period of 16 months. In conclusion, hemorrhagic MMS with choroidal collateral as a dangerous anastomosis was effectively managed by STA-MCA anastomosis. Although long-term follow-up is necessary to evaluate our strategy, the favorable disappearance of pseudoaneurysms after revascularization surgery in the present case strongly suggests that STA-MCA anastomosis has a potential role for preventing rebleeding in MMS after cranial irradiation.


Assuntos
Falso Aneurisma/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Revascularização Cerebral , Irradiação Craniana/efeitos adversos , Craniofaringioma/radioterapia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Doença de Moyamoya/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/radioterapia , Lesões por Radiação/cirurgia , Adulto , Idade de Início , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Falso Aneurisma/etiologia , Angiografia Cerebral/métodos , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/etiologia , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma Intracraniano/etiologia , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Doença de Moyamoya/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença de Moyamoya/etiologia , Lesões por Radiação/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões por Radiação/etiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento
16.
World Neurosurg ; 125: e313-e318, 2019 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30685378

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Primary intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) is a rare condition in adult patients. PIVH occurs frequently in adult hemorrhagic Moyamoya disease (MMD). Idiopathic PIVH is defined as PIVH without cerebrovascular abnormalities. This study is aimed to compare the baseline characteristics and outcomes of acute MMD-related and idiopathic PIVH. METHODS: Adult patients with acute MMD-related or idiopathic PIVH were retrospectively included. Baseline characteristics and outcomes at discharge were obtained and compared. Chi-square test, Student's t-test, or rank-sum test were used in statistical analyses. RESULTS: This study finally included 32 patients with acute MMD-related PIVH and 112 with acute idiopathic PIVH. Patients with acute MMD-related PIVH were significantly younger (53.3 ± 15.8 vs. 42.8 ± 12.2 years, P < 0.001). The admission systolic blood pressure in patients with acute idiopathic PIVH was significantly higher (161.7 ± 30.9 vs. 134.6 ± 24.6 mm Hg, P < 0.001). Patients with acute idiopathic PIVH had significantly higher admission serum urea (5.68 ± 2.66 vs. 4.34 ± 1.62 mmol/L, P = 0.008), cystatin C (0.97 ± 0.72 vs. 0.68 ± 0.16 mg/L, P = 0.023), and uric acid (309.01 ± 105.97 vs. 242.24 ± 77.65 µmol/L, P = 0.001). In patients with acute MMD-related PIVH, only one (3.1%) patient was dead at discharge. In contrast, a total of 22 (19.6%) patients with acute idiopathic patients died at discharge (P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with patients with acute idiopathic PIVH, patients with acute MMD-related PIVH have younger age, lower blood pressure, and better renal function. Moreover, patients with acute MMD-related PIVH have lower short-term mortality.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença de Moyamoya/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença Aguda , Idoso , Angiografia Digital , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/fisiopatologia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Rim/fisiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Moyamoya/fisiopatologia , Doença de Moyamoya/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento
17.
World Neurosurg ; 125: e139-e145, 2019 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30677579

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Prediction of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among children is of great importance for accurate clinical decision making. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the Rotterdam scoring system in predicting early outcome among children with TBI. METHODS: This study was conducted in 2017 on 506 children with brain injury in Kashan, Iran. A checklist was used to collect demographic and clinical characteristics of patients such as age, sex, mechanism of trauma, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, need for surgery, and brain injury outcome. Moreover, each participant's computed tomography scan was evaluated and scored using the Rotterdam system. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the best cut-off score were calculated for the Rotterdam system. The relationships of the Rotterdam score with participants' characteristics were examined using the χ2 test, whereas the predictors of brain injury outcome were identified using the logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Pediatric death rate was 4.3%. Most deaths were among children who were male, aged <4, had developed brain injury owing to traffic accidents, had a GCS score of 3-8, suffered from compressed skull fracture and frontal lobe injury, had cerebral edema, and had a Rotterdam score of 5. The sensitivity and specificity of a Rotterdam score 3 were 86.4% and 97.9%, respectively. The logistic regression analysis indicated that only GCS and Rotterdam scores were significant predictors of brain injury outcome. CONCLUSIONS: At a cut-off score of 3, the Rotterdam system can be used to predict TBI outcome among children with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.


Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/cirurgia , Adolescente , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/mortalidade , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/mortalidade , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Escala de Coma de Glasgow , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento
18.
Br J Neurosurg ; 33(5): 597-598, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29199460

RESUMO

The classical presentation of a ruptured intracranial aneurysm is subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). We present a rare case of a ruptured posterior communicating artery (PcomA) aneurysm presented solely with massive intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) in a 53-year-old female. The aneurysm was coiled successfully and the outcome of the patient was excellent.


Assuntos
Aneurisma Roto/complicações , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/etiologia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Aneurisma Roto/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento
19.
J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg ; 80(1): 62-66, 2019 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30011419

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the change of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) concurrent with the recovery of impaired consciousness following a shunt operation in a stroke patient. METHODS: A 65-year-old female patient underwent coiling of a ruptured right posterior communicating artery and, subsequently, underwent right external ventricular drain (EVD) placement, left EVD placement, and lumbar drain placement for management of intraventricular hemorrhage. After 6 months from onset, she began rehabilitation, and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed dilatation of the ventricular system. The patient exhibited impaired alertness, with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 7. At ∼ 20 days after starting rehabilitation, the patient underwent a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation for hydrocephalus. At 10 days postsurgery, her GCS improved to 15. RESULTS: Regarding the change of neural connectivity of the thalamic intralaminar nuclei, compared with preoperative diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), postoperative DTT showed that neural connectivity to the prefrontal cortex was increased in both hemispheres. In terms of configuration of DTT, the lower portion of the ARAS between the reticular formation and the intralaminar thalamic nuclei did not show a significant change. CONCLUSIONS: A patient with subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhage showed recovery of an injured ARAS and consciousness after a shunt operation for hydrocephalus.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral Intraventricular/cirurgia , Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/cirurgia , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal , Idoso , Imagem de Tensor de Difusão , Feminino , Escala de Coma de Glasgow , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
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