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1.
Vet Res Commun ; 43(1): 31-36, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30612297

RESUMO

Egg production in battery cage systems in commercial poultry farms promotes uncontrolled growth of poultry ectoparasite Dermanyssus gallinae. Intermittent lighting regimens provided a promising alternative for controlling D. gallinae invasions. The study analysed the influence of D. gallinae invasions on selected blood protein fractions (albumin, α-, ß-, γ-globulin), corticosterone levels and egg production in Hy-Line Brown layer hens exposed to two lighting regimens: A (16 L:8D) and B (intermittent (4 L:2D); L-light, D-dark). Blood samples were collected from a total of 48 hens (divided into uninfested - UF, and infested - IF groups for each lighting regimen). The concentrations of protein fractions were analysed by electrophoresis on Cormay Gel Protein 100, and corticosterone levels were determined in a radioimmunoassay. The results of the study revealed concentrations of ß-globulin and corticosterone levels were significantly higher in IF than UF groups in both lighting regimens. However, both parameters were higher in hens exposed to lighting regimen B than lightening regimen A. Gamma-globulin concentrations were significantly lower in IF than UF groups in both lighting regimens. Egg production was significantly lower in all groups than commercial standard. D. gallinae and intermittent lightening regimen had interaction effect on the corticosterone level in hens. Strong decreasing (negative) linear relationship between corticosterone levels and egg production (r = -0.911) was reported.


Assuntos
Proteínas Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Galinhas , Corticosterona/metabolismo , Iluminação , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/fisiopatologia , Reprodução , Animais , Feminino , Infestações por Ácaros/parasitologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Ácaros/fisiologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/parasitologia
2.
J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol ; 327(5): 311-321, 2017 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29356449

RESUMO

Developmental stress can alter resource allocation in early life, and in altricial birds with rapid developmental trajectories and high resource demands, nestlings may adjust early resource partitioning to cope with challenging environments. We experimentally manipulated ectoparasite levels in nests and assessed whether ectoparasites affected somatic and physiological development in European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) nestlings. We hypothesized that mites act as developmental stressors in nestlings and predicted that nestlings from infested nests would exhibit either reduced somatic growth, or reduced physiological development, including impaired innate immunity, and would have elevated corticosterone concentrations. We either added ≈200 mites to nests during early incubation, or treated nests with a pesticide, permethrin, to reduce mites and possibly other arthropods. We assessed treatment effects on egg spottiness and mite abundance, and monitored offspring hatching and survival. We also measured somatic growth (mass, tarsus length, and feather growth), hematocrit, immune-related metrics (bacterial killing ability [BKA] and spleen mass), and baseline corticosterone concentrations in response to treatment. Compared with mite treatment, permethrin reduced egg spottiness and mite abundance in nests. Relative to nestlings in mite-reduced nests, nestlings in mite-enhanced nests had lower survival, hematocrit, and corticosterone concentrations. Early in development, nestlings from both treatments exhibited similar rapid somatic growth, yet mite-treated nestlings exhibited lower BKA. Nestlings in both treatments increased BKA across development, despite nestlings in mite-treated nests exhibiting lower mass as nest leaving neared. Overall, we found evidence that mites can act as development stressors, but contrary to our prediction, mites decreased corticosterone concentrations.


Assuntos
Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Estorninhos/parasitologia , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Animais , Feminino , Imunidade Inata/imunologia , Masculino , Infestações por Ácaros/imunologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Comportamento de Nidação , Permetrina , Praguicidas , Teste Bactericida do Soro/veterinária , Estorninhos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estorninhos/imunologia
3.
Parasitol Res ; 116(2): 589-599, 2017 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27858154

RESUMO

For non-mobile parasites living on social hosts, infection dynamics are strongly influenced by host life history and social system. We explore the impact of host social systems on parasite population dynamics by comparing the infection intensity and transmission opportunities of three mite species of the genus Spinturnix across their three European bat hosts (Myotis daubentonii, Myotis myotis, Myotis nattereri) during the bats' autumn mating season. Mites mainly reproduce in host maternity colonies in summer, but as these colonies are closed, opportunities for inter-colony transmission are limited to host interactions during the autumn mating season. The three investigated hosts differ considerably in their social system, most notably in maternity colony size, mating system, and degree of male summer aggregation. We observed marked differences in parasite infection during the autumn mating period between the species, closely mirroring the predictions made based on the social systems of the hosts. Increased host aggregation sizes in summer yielded higher overall parasite prevalence and intensity, both in male and female hosts. Moreover, parasite levels in male hosts differentially increased throughout the autumn mating season in concordance with the degree of contact with female hosts afforded by the different mating systems of the hosts. Critically, the observed host-specific differences have important consequences for parasite population structure and will thus affect the coevolutionary dynamics between the interacting species. Therefore, in order to accurately characterize host-parasite dynamics in hosts with complex social systems, a holistic approach that investigates parasite infection and transmission across all periods is warranted.


Assuntos
Quirópteros/fisiologia , Quirópteros/parasitologia , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Ácaros/fisiologia , Animais , Europa (Continente) , Feminino , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Estágios do Ciclo de Vida , Masculino , Infestações por Ácaros/parasitologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/transmissão , Parasitos , Reprodução
4.
PLoS One ; 11(4): e0153531, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27070422

RESUMO

As key pollinators, honey bees are crucial to many natural and agricultural ecosystems. An important factor in the health of honey bees is the availability of diverse floral resources. However, in many parts of the world, high-intensity agriculture could result in a reduction in honey bee forage. Previous studies have investigated how the landscape surrounding honey bee hives affects some aspects of honey bee health, but to our knowledge there have been no investigations of the effects of intensively cultivated landscapes on indicators of individual bee health such as nutritional physiology and pathogen loads. Furthermore, agricultural landscapes in different regions vary greatly in forage and land management, indicating a need for additional information on the relationship between honey bee health and landscape cultivation. Here, we add to this growing body of information by investigating differences in nutritional physiology between honey bees kept in areas of comparatively low and high cultivation in an area generally high agricultural intensity in the Midwestern United States. We focused on bees collected directly before winter, because overwintering stress poses one of the most serious problems for honey bees in temperate climates. We found that honey bees kept in areas of lower cultivation exhibited higher lipid levels than those kept in areas of high cultivation, but this effect was observed only in colonies that were free of Varroa mites. Furthermore, we found that the presence of mites was associated with lower lipid levels and higher titers of deformed wing virus (DWV), as well as a non-significant trend towards higher overwinter losses. Overall, these results show that mite infestation interacts with landscape, obscuring the effects of landscape alone and suggesting that the benefits of improved foraging landscape could be lost without adequate control of mite infestations.


Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Abelhas/metabolismo , Abelhas/parasitologia , Infestações por Ácaros/metabolismo , Varroidae/fisiologia , Animais , Abelhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Abelhas/virologia , Peso Corporal , Proteínas de Insetos/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/virologia , Estações do Ano , Carga Viral
5.
Ann Dermatol Venereol ; 138 Suppl 3: S184-91, 2011 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22183097

RESUMO

The pathophysiology of rosacea involves a large number of factors that are at times difficult to correlate. There is not a single physiopathological model. Nevertheless, today it seems to have been established that two essential factors are involved: vascular and inflammatory. The disease occurs in individuals with a predisposition, mainly a light phototype subjected to substantial variations in climate. On a background of primary vascular anomaly, external factors (climate, exposure to ultraviolet rays, cutaneous flora, etc.) contribute to the development of abnormal superficial blood vessels, with a low permeability. The edema that results undoubtedly favors the colonization and multiplication of Demodex folliculorum. This parasite creates inflammation, directly and indirectly, which is seen in the papules and pustules as well as granulomas. Inflammation from rosacea is also characterized by innate immune system anomalies, with an increase in the expression of epidermal proteases and production of pro-inflammatory cathelicidin peptides. In addition, facial hypersensitivity exists, even though the cutaneous barrier is not altered. Finally, rhinophyma remains poorly explained; the vascular abnormalities induce local production of transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF-ß1) capable of creating fibrosis and therefore cutaneous thickening.


Assuntos
Rosácea/fisiopatologia , Telangiectasia/fisiopatologia , Biópsia , Edema/fisiopatologia , Eritema/fisiopatologia , Helicobacter pylori , Humanos , Imunidade Inata , Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Intestinos/microbiologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional/fisiologia , Rinofima/fisiopatologia , Rosácea/patologia , Pele/irrigação sanguínea , Pele/patologia , Telangiectasia/patologia , Temperatura , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos
6.
Ann Dermatol Venereol ; 138 Suppl 2: S129-37, 2011 Sep.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21907872

RESUMO

The physiopathology of rosacea involves a large number of factors that are at times difficult to correlate. There is not a single physiopathological model. Nevertheless, today it seems to have been established that two essential factors are involved: vascular and inflammatory. The disease occurs in individuals with a predisposition, mainly a light phototype subjected to substantial variations in climate. On a background of primary vascular anomaly, external factors (climate, exposure to ultraviolet rays, cutaneous flora, etc.) contribute to the development of abnormal superficial blood vessels, with a low permeability. The edema that results undoubtedly favors the colonization and multiplication of Demodex folliculorum. This parasite creates inflammation, directly and indirectly, which is seen in the papules and pustules as well as granulomas. Inflammation from rosacea is also characterized by innate immune system anomalies, with an increase in the expression of epidermal proteases and production of pro-inflammatory cathelicidin peptides. In addition, facial hypersensitivity exists, even though the cutaneous barrier is not altered. Finally, rhinophyma remains poorly explained; the vascular abnormalities induce local production of transforming growth factor ß 1 (TGF-ß1) capable of creating fibrosis and therefore cutaneous thickening.


Assuntos
Rosácea/fisiopatologia , Biópsia , Humanos , Imunidade Inata , Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Rosácea/patologia , Pele/irrigação sanguínea , Pele/patologia , Telangiectasia/fisiopatologia , Temperatura
7.
Lab Invest ; 91(4): 509-18, 2011 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21135815

RESUMO

Pruritus, also known as itch, is a sensation that causes a desire to scratch. Prolonged scratching exacerbates skin lesions in several skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis. Here, we identify the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR/Cftr), an integral membrane protein that mediates transepithelial chloride transport, as a determinant factor in mice for the susceptibility to several cutaneous symptoms during mite infestation. Mice that endogenously express dysfunctional Cftr (Cftr(ΔF508/ΔF508)) show significant increase of scratching behavior and skin fibrosis after mite exposure. These phenotypes were due to the increased expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) that augments the sensitization of peripheral nerve fibers. Moreover, protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5)-positive neurites were abundant in the epidermis of mite-infested Cftr(ΔF508/ΔF508) mice. Furthermore, mite-infested Cftr(+/+) mice orally administered with a chloride channel inhibitor glibenclamide had higher scratching count and increased level of NGF than vehicle-treated mice. Consistently, mite extract-exposed primary and transformed human keratinocytes, treated with CFTR inhibitor, had significantly higher level of NGF mRNA compared with vehicle-treated, mite extract-exposed cells. These results reveal that CFTR in keratinocytes plays a critical role for the regulation of peripheral nerve function and pruritus sensation, and suggest that Cftr(ΔF508/ΔF508) mice may serve as a novel mouse model that represents NGF-dependent generation of pruritus.


Assuntos
Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/deficiência , Infestações por Ácaros/complicações , Prurido/etiologia , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Canais de Cloreto/antagonistas & inibidores , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/antagonistas & inibidores , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/metabolismo , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Fibrose , Glibureto/farmacologia , Humanos , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Infestações por Ácaros/patologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Fator de Crescimento Neural/genética , Fator de Crescimento Neural/metabolismo , Neuritos/patologia , Nervos Periféricos/fisiopatologia , Fenótipo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Pele/patologia
8.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol ; 10(5): 505-10, 2010 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20689407

RESUMO

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize the key literature and our research experience regarding Demodex infestation as a potential cause of ocular inflammatory diseases with a special emphasis on Demodex blepharitis. RECENT FINDINGS: Two distinct Demodex species have been confirmed as a cause of blepharitis: Demodex folliculorum can cause anterior blepharitis associated with disorders of eyelashes, and D. brevis can cause posterior blepharitis with meibomian gland dysfunction and keratoconjunctivitis. Tea tree oil treatments with either 50% lid scrubs or 5% lid massages are effective in eradicating mites and reducing ocular surface inflammation. SUMMARY: Demodex blepharitis is a common but overlooked external eye disease. The pathogenesis of Demodex blepharitis in eliciting ocular surface inflammation has been further clarified. The modified eyelash sampling and counting method makes it easier and more accurate to diagnose Demodex infestation. Tea tree oil shows promising potential to treat Demodex blepharitis by reducing Demodex counts with additional antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory actions.


Assuntos
Blefarite/etiologia , Túnica Conjuntiva/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/complicações , Infestações por Ácaros/complicações , Ácaros/imunologia , Animais , Blefarite/tratamento farmacológico , Blefarite/fisiopatologia , Pestanas/patologia , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/tratamento farmacológico , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/fisiopatologia , Inflamação , Ceratoconjuntivite , Glândulas Tarsais/patologia , Infestações por Ácaros/tratamento farmacológico , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Óleo de Melaleuca/uso terapêutico
9.
Skin Pharmacol Physiol ; 22(6): 287-94, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19786821

RESUMO

Until today, the pathogenesis of rosacea is not known in detail. Yet in recent years evidence has been accumulating that rosacea with its common symptoms such as inflammatory lesions, erythema, telangiectasia, phymatous changes, and ocular symptoms is of inflammatory nature. Tetracycline derivatives like doxycycline successfully used in the treatment of skin diseases like acne and rosacea seem to inhibit different inflammatory pathways involved in the pathogenesis by various modes of action. Although data for skin diseases are relatively scanty, the following modes of action of tetracyclines seem to be most relevant for an effective treatment of acne and rosacea: inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, downmodulation of cytokines, inhibition of cell movement and proliferation, inhibition of granuloma formation, inhibition of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and angiogenesis, whereas inhibition of phospholipase A2 seems to be of lower importance. The role of the saprophytic mite Demodex folliculorum remains to be clarified. Additional studies are necessary to further elucidate how tetracyclines work in rosacea treatment.


Assuntos
Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Rosácea/tratamento farmacológico , Tetraciclinas/uso terapêutico , Doxiciclina/farmacologia , Doxiciclina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Rosácea/fisiopatologia , Tetraciclinas/farmacologia
10.
Arch Dermatol Res ; 301(10): 747-52, 2009 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19652990

RESUMO

In many skin diseases such as Demodex folliculitis, rosacea- or steroid-induced rosacea Demodex mites are present in abundance and are at least partially held responsible for causing these disorders. Although it is known that these diseases respond well to tetracyclines, it is unclear if this is due to the antiinflammatory effects of the antibiotics or to an antibacterial effect on so far unknown bacteria within the Demodex mites. As in filariasis, where the response to doxycycline can be explained by the presence of Wolbachia within the filarial nematodes, this study was performed to see whether Wolbachia also use Demodex mites as their hosts. Human and canine Demodex mite samples were taken by skin scrapings and tested by PCR for the presence of Wolbachia DNA. Wolbachia pipientis DNA was used as positive control. In none of the DNA extracts, Wolbachia were detected showing no evidence for the presence of these bacteria in Demodex mites. The response of Demodex aggravated or Demodex caused diseases to tetracyclines seems not to be due to the presence of Wolbachia in Demodex mites in contrast to the results seen in filariasis.


Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/análise , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/genética , Infestações por Ácaros/microbiologia , Ácaros/microbiologia , Pele/metabolismo , Wolbachia/genética , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Cães , Foliculite , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/diagnóstico , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/patologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Infestações por Ácaros/diagnóstico , Infestações por Ácaros/tratamento farmacológico , Infestações por Ácaros/patologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Ácaros/patogenicidade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Rosácea , Pele/microbiologia , Pele/patologia , Simbiose , Tetraciclinas/uso terapêutico , Wolbachia/patogenicidade
11.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 76(5): 967-71, 2007 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17488924

RESUMO

A 31-year-old Saudi man was seen at an ear, nose, and throat clinic at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with bilateral itching in the external auditory canal. On otoscopic examination, the skin lining the ear canal was thickened with whitish sheets of sloughed cells and thick discharge. Large numbers of mites of an undescribed species closely related to members of the genus Loxanoetus (Histiostomatidae) were present. The patient underwent successive washings of the ear canal with saline and 70% ethanol at intervals of 2-3 months and was treated with antibiotics. Treatment with Eurax (crotamiton) ear drops for one week cleared the mite infestation. This represents the first reported case of human otoacariasis involving a histiostomatid mite. Based on the known biology of histiostomatid mites and the associated hosts of Loxanoetus and related genera, there is reason to speculate that the patient acquired the infestation while swimming in a lake or pond where this mite was present.


Assuntos
Otopatias/parasitologia , Infestações por Ácaros/parasitologia , Ácaros/patogenicidade , Adulto , Animais , Meato Acústico Externo/parasitologia , Otopatias/fisiopatologia , Otopatias/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Estágios do Ciclo de Vida , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/terapia , Ácaros/classificação , Ácaros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Praguicidas , Arábia Saudita , Toluidinas/administração & dosagem , Viagem , Resultado do Tratamento , Gravação em Vídeo
12.
Vet Parasitol ; 114(4): 267-84, 2003 Jun 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12809753

RESUMO

A randomised block design study was conducted to evaluate the effects of mange on cattle. Twenty-four Simmentaler Fleckvieh bulls were formed into eight replicates of three bulls based on Day -56 body weight (288-414 kg). Within replicates bulls were randomly allocated to groups G1: uninfested control, G2: infested control or G3: infested, treated with 0.2mg ivermectin/kg (1% ivermectin injection; IVOMEC, Merial) on Day 0. The G2 and G3 bulls were infested with Sarcoptes/Chorioptes mites on Days -56 and -49. Feed consumption was recorded daily throughout the study (Days -56 to 56). Body weights were measured and serum samples collected. Mites were counted at bi-weekly intervals from Day -14 on. The carcasses of the bulls and the leather produced from their hides were evaluated. Differences between variables were declared significant if P

Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/fisiopatologia , Inseticidas/uso terapêutico , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Glândulas Suprarrenais/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Anticorpos/sangue , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/prevenção & controle , Ingestão de Alimentos , Masculino , Carne/normas , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/prevenção & controle , Tamanho do Órgão , Distribuição Aleatória , Sarcoptes scabiei/imunologia , Escabiose/fisiopatologia , Escabiose/prevenção & controle , Escabiose/veterinária , Pele/patologia , Aumento de Peso
13.
Parasite Immunol ; 22(8): 407-14, 2000 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10972847

RESUMO

Lesional area was estimated and lesional mast cells and eosinophils were counted during primary and challenge infestations of sheep with Psoroptes ovis. In addition, circulating basophils and eosinophils and serum P. ovis-specific immunoglobulin IgE antibody were quantified. Expansion of lesional area was significantly less and serum IgE titres significantly greater in challenge than primary infestations. Lesional mast cell hyperplasia and massive eosinophil infiltration accompanied by raised titres of P. ovis antigen-specific IgE antibody were compatible with an IgE-mediated Type-1 allergic reaction, while detection of lesional basophils was suggestive of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity. The temporal pattern of lesional mastocytosis and eosinophil infiltration and the role of these cells and serum IgE in the immune response is discussed.


Assuntos
Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Ácaros/imunologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/imunologia , Pele/imunologia , Animais , Eosinófilos/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/imunologia , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Mastócitos/imunologia , Infestações por Ácaros/imunologia , Infestações por Ácaros/parasitologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/fisiopatologia
14.
J. bras. med ; 79(3): 98-106, set. 2000.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-296381

RESUMO

Os autores revisam o tema escabiose, dando maior ênfase ao aspecto da sarna crostosa ou norueguesa. Relatam suas experiências, reportando toda a evolução, do diagnóstico ao tratamento, comentando seu mecanismo de ação e, finalmente, sobre a droga ivermectina, com largo espectro de ação, destacando seu valor por via oral em dose única para o tratamento da escabiose em todas as suas formas e estágios


Assuntos
Humanos , Infestações por Ácaros/diagnóstico , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/terapia , Ivermectina/farmacocinética , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Administração Oral
16.
Vet Parasitol ; 76(1-2): 137-48, 1998 Mar 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9653998

RESUMO

Psoroptes ovis counts, extent of lesions (clinical index: ClinI), daily weight gains (DWGs) and anti-P. cuniculi antibody titres in ELISA were recorded during seven therapeutic field trials. Relationship between these different data were studied. The differences between the mean DWG of treated and untreated control animals of the different trials ranged from 39 to 1206 g/day. Data were pooled for statistical analysis and the influence of trial conditions (management of the herd, farm, treatment) was extracted from each individual data by subtracting, from the DWG of each animal, the mean DWG of its trial. Such data were called daily weight gain over the trial mean (DWG/TM). Multiple regression of DWG/TM, calculated over the period between the clinical examinations in control animals (n = 40), on clinical indices and sex demonstrated a significant DWG/TM reduction per percentage of affected body surface according to the following equation: DWG/TM (in g/day)= 135-22 ClinI(0)-13 ClinI(28/35)-70 (if male) (R2 adjusted = 0.39), where ClinI(0) and ClinI(28/35) are the clinical indices recorded respectively at the beginning (day 0) and at the end (day 28 or 35) of the experimental period during which the animals were left untreated. A nonsignificant relationship (R2 adjusted = 0.07) was found between the antibody titres on day 28 or 35 and the individual DWG/TM This would suggest that serology could be used to estimate the prevalence of the disease on a local or national basis but not to calculate its economic impact.


Assuntos
Anticorpos/sangue , Doenças dos Bovinos , Inseticidas/uso terapêutico , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Ácaros/imunologia , Aumento de Peso , Animais , Antibacterianos , Peso Corporal , Bovinos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Ivermectina/análogos & derivados , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Macrolídeos/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/prevenção & controle , Análise de Regressão
17.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 77(3): 148-53, sept. 1996. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-186790

RESUMO

Comunicamos un paciente con síndrome de Down que desarrolló sarna noruega y discutimos la patogenia de esta asociación. El caso debe hacernos pensar en esta variedad de sarna, en todo paciente con alteración mental, neurológica, nutricional o inmunológica, que desarrolla una dermatosis escamosa, generalizada y pruriginosa.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Síndrome de Down , Infestações por Ácaros/diagnóstico , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/terapia , Infestações por Ácaros/transmissão , Dermatoses da Mão/terapia
18.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 77(3): 148-53, sept. 1996. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-21391

RESUMO

Comunicamos un paciente con síndrome de Down que desarrolló sarna noruega y discutimos la patogenia de esta asociación. El caso debe hacernos pensar en esta variedad de sarna, en todo paciente con alteración mental, neurológica, nutricional o inmunológica, que desarrolla una dermatosis escamosa, generalizada y pruriginosa. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Síndrome de Down , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Infestações por Ácaros/transmissão , Infestações por Ácaros/diagnóstico , Infestações por Ácaros/terapia , Dermatoses da Mão/terapia
19.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr ; 109(6-7): 211-5, 1996.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8765535

RESUMO

In 2 stages of a trial the bodyweight of 16 calves (6 Fleckvieh female, 6 Braunvieh female, 4 Braunvieh male), experimentally infected with Sarcoptes bovis, was controlled between birth and until 25 weeks after treatment with Ivomec pour-on (5 mg ivermectin/10 kg b.w.). On the day of treatment and before the turnout to the pasture the living Sarcoptes mites and mange lesions were determined. The two stages were characterized by different degrees of mange, which also became noticeable in the daily increase of bodyweight on an average of 200 g and 570 g respectively compared with the untreated calves. After treatment of the animals of the control group the daily increase in bodyweight within a few weeks was identical with the increase of the bodyweight of the earlier treated calves, whereby 16/19 weeks after the turnout to the pasture (female calves) and the possibility to take in grass ad libitum and 16 weeks after beginning of fattening (male calves) respectively the group of earlier treated calves still showed a higher mean bodyweight of about 27 kg and 24 kg.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/fisiopatologia , Inseticidas/uso terapêutico , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Aumento de Peso , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Masculino , Infestações por Ácaros/tratamento farmacológico , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Ácaros , Distribuição Aleatória
20.
Vet Parasitol ; 60(3-4): 249-64, 1995 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8747908

RESUMO

Cost-effective control of sarcoptic mange requires knowledge of the effects of the disease on production. This paper presents a critical review of the literature on the association between sarcoptic mange and reduced production performance of swine. One of the difficulties in interpreting inconsistent findings among studies is lack of information about the severity of disease, which is likely to vary considerably. Lack of standard methods and failure to quantify disease severity preclude meaningful interpretation of experimental results in commercial production. Three experiments with growing pigs were conducted to evaluate associations between sarcoptic mite infestation and growth rate, and to assess pruritic behaviour and mite-induced lesions at slaughter as indices of mange severity. Sarcoptic mange was associated with increased pruritic behaviour and the presence of papular dermatitis at slaughter. Pruritic behaviour decreased over time despite reinfestation and may be subject to numerous behavioural influences. Growth rate tended to be slower in mange infested pigs, but a significant effect of mange infestation on average daily gain was found in only one trial, in which the severity of skin lesions at slaughter was greatest. These observations suggest that the production effects of mange infestation of growing pigs are variable. Evaluating dermatitis lesions at slaughter may be an objective means for assessing the severity of mange infestation and for relating experimental results to commercial swine production.


Assuntos
Criação de Animais Domésticos , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos , Suínos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Infestações por Ácaros/epidemiologia , Infestações por Ácaros/fisiopatologia , Prurido/etiologia , Prurido/fisiopatologia , Prurido/veterinária , Fatores de Tempo
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