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1.
Nutrients ; 13(11)2021 Oct 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34836118

RESUMO

Studies have investigated the associations of coffee and tea with mammographic breast density (MBD) in premenopausal women with inconsistent results. We analyzed data from 375 premenopausal women who attended a screening mammogram at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO in 2016, and stratified the analyses by race (non-Hispanic White (NHW) vs. Black/African American). Participants self-reported the number of servings of coffee, caffeinated tea, and decaffeinated tea they consumed. Volpara software was used to determine volumetric percent density (VPD), dense volume (DV), and non-dense volume (NDV). We used generalized linear regression models to quantify the associations of coffee and tea intake with MBD measures. Coffee: ≥1 time/day (ß = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.93-1.21; p-trend = 0.61) and caffeinated tea: ≥1 time/day (ß = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.88-1.17; p-trend = 0.61) were not associated with VPD. Decaffeinated tea (≥1 time/week) was positively associated with VPD in NHW women (ß = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.06-1.39) but not in African American women (ß = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.73-1.17; p-interaction = 0.02). Coffee (≥1 time/day) was positively associated with DV in African American women (ß = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.11-2.07) but not in NHW women (ß = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.95-1.29; p-interaction = 0.02). Our findings do not support associations of coffee and caffeinated tea intake with VPD in premenopausal women. Positive associations of decaffeinated tea with VPD, with suggestions of effect modification by race, require confirmation in larger studies with diverse study populations.


Assuntos
Bebidas/estatística & dados numéricos , Densidade da Mama , Café , Pré-Menopausa/metabolismo , Chá , Adulto , Bebidas/efeitos adversos , Densidade da Mama/etnologia , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Ingestão de Líquidos/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Mamografia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pré-Menopausa/etnologia , Grupos Raciais/estatística & dados numéricos
2.
Nutrients ; 13(8)2021 Aug 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34444913

RESUMO

This study was performed to investigate the association between coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in a Korean population and examine whether the association can be altered by adjustment for intake of coffee additives. We conducted a case-control study involving 923 colorectal cancer cases and 1846 controls matched by sex and age (within 5 years). A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess coffee intakes. High coffee consumption was associated with lower odds of developing colorectal cancer (≥3 cups/day vs. no drinks, OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49-0.96). When we additionally controlled for consumption of coffee additives including sugar and cream, the inverse association became stronger (≥3 cups/day vs. no drinks, OR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.14-0.33), and a significant inverse linear trend was shown (Ptrend < 0.0001). The inverse associations were observed for proximal (Ptrend = 0.0001) and distal (Ptrend = 0.0003) colon cancer, and rectal cancer (Ptrend < 0.0001) in the stratified analysis by anatomical sub-sites. Regarding sex, inverse associations between coffee consumption and colorectal cancer were found for men (Ptrend < 0.0001) and women (Ptrend = 0.0021). In the stratified analysis by obese status of subjects, inverse linear trends were observed in both non-obese and obese people (Ptrend < 0.0001). High coffee consumption may be associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer in the Korean population and the degree of decrease in the odds of developing colorectal cancer changes by adjustment for intake of coffee additives.


Assuntos
Povo Asiático/estatística & dados numéricos , Café/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Colorretais/etiologia , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Dieta/etnologia , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Feminino , Aditivos Alimentares/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco
3.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities ; 8(3): 638-647, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32691328

RESUMO

Compared to the US-born population, Hispanic immigrants are reported to have lower age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension. However, country of origin, race/ethnicity, and risk behaviors associated with acculturation, including hazardous drinking, can affect the prevalence of hypertension. Additionally, health disparities across immigration/nativity status may be associated with suboptimal antihypertensive treatment and control of hypertension. In the present study, population-based data from the years 2016 to 2018 of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were analyzed to assess the association of nativity status and hazardous drinking with hypertension among US-born and foreign-born Hispanic populations. Age-adjusted prevalence of past-year hypertension among foreign-born Hispanics was lower than US-born Hispanics. However, the proportion of Hispanic immigrants who had their blood pressure checked by a healthcare professional was also smaller than US-born Hispanics, suggesting that the prevalence of hypertension among Hispanic immigrants may be underreported. Hazardous drinking was associated with decreased odds of antihypertensive treatment among the Hispanic immigrants.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Comportamento Perigoso , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/psicologia , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertensão/etnologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Autorrelato , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
4.
Sci Total Environ ; 618: 369-378, 2018 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29132004

RESUMO

Concerns regarding the safety and aesthetic qualities of one's municipal drinking water supply are important factors influencing drinking water perceptions and consumption patterns (i.e. sources used and daily volume of consumption). In northern Canada, Inuit communities face challenges with drinking water quality, and many Inuit have reported concerns regarding the safety of their drinking water. The objectives of this research were to describe perceptions of municipal tap water, examine use of water sources and changes following the installation of a potable water dispensing unit (PWDU) in 2014, and identify factors associated with water consumption in the Inuit community of Rigolet. This study used data from three cross-sectional census surveys conducted between 2012 and 2014. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to aggregate data from multiple variables related to perceptions of water, and logistic regressions were used to identify variables associated with water consumption patterns. Three quarters of residents reported using the PWDU after its installation, with concomitant declines reported in consumption of bottled, tap, and brook water. Negative perceptions of tap water were associated with lower odds of consuming tap water (ORPCAcomponent1=0.73, 95% CI 0.56-0.94; ORPCAcomponent2=0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.93); women had higher odds of drinking purchased water compared to men (OR=1.90, 95% CI 1.11-3.26). The median amount of water consumed per day was 1L. Using brook water (OR=2.60, 95% CI 1.22-5.56) and living in a household where no one had full-time employment (OR=2.94, 95% CI 1.35-6.39) were associated with consuming >2L of water per day. Results of this study may inform drinking water interventions, risk assessments, and public health messaging in Rigolet and other Indigenous communities.


Assuntos
Água Potável , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Inuíte , Qualidade da Água , Abastecimento de Água , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terra Nova e Labrador , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
5.
Ann Intern Med ; 167(4): 228-235, 2017 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28693036

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Coffee consumption has been associated with reduced risk for death in prospective cohort studies; however, data in nonwhites are sparse. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of coffee consumption with risk for total and cause-specific death. DESIGN: The MEC (Multiethnic Cohort), a prospective population-based cohort study established between 1993 and 1996. SETTING: Hawaii and Los Angeles, California. PARTICIPANTS: 185 855 African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latinos, and whites aged 45 to 75 years at recruitment. MEASUREMENTS: Outcomes were total and cause-specific mortality between 1993 and 2012. Coffee intake was assessed at baseline by means of a validated food-frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: 58 397 participants died during 3 195 484 person-years of follow-up (average follow-up, 16.2 years). Compared with drinking no coffee, coffee consumption was associated with lower total mortality after adjustment for smoking and other potential confounders (1 cup per day: hazard ratio [HR], 0.88 [95% CI, 0.85 to 0.91]; 2 to 3 cups per day: HR, 0.82 [CI, 0.79 to 0.86]; ≥4 cups per day: HR, 0.82 [CI, 0.78 to 0.87]; P for trend < 0.001). Trends were similar between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. Significant inverse associations were observed in 4 ethnic groups; the association in Native Hawaiians did not reach statistical significance. Inverse associations were also seen in never-smokers, younger participants (<55 years), and those who had not previously reported a chronic disease. Among examined end points, inverse associations were observed for deaths due to heart disease, cancer, respiratory disease, stroke, diabetes, and kidney disease. LIMITATION: Unmeasured confounding and measurement error, although sensitivity analysis suggested that neither was likely to affect results. CONCLUSION: Higher consumption of coffee was associated with lower risk for death in African Americans, Japanese Americans, Latinos, and whites. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Cancer Institute.


Assuntos
Café , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Mortalidade , Idoso , Asiático/estatística & dados numéricos , População Negra/estatística & dados numéricos , Causas de Morte , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
6.
Ann Intern Med ; 167(4): 236-247, 2017 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28693038

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The relationship between coffee consumption and mortality in diverse European populations with variable coffee preparation methods is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether coffee consumption is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: 10 European countries. PARTICIPANTS: 521 330 persons enrolled in EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). MEASUREMENTS: Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The association of coffee consumption with serum biomarkers of liver function, inflammation, and metabolic health was evaluated in the EPIC Biomarkers subcohort (n = 14 800). RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 16.4 years, 41 693 deaths occurred. Compared with nonconsumers, participants in the highest quartile of coffee consumption had statistically significantly lower all-cause mortality (men: HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.82 to 0.95]; P for trend < 0.001; women: HR, 0.93 [CI, 0.87 to 0.98]; P for trend = 0.009). Inverse associations were also observed for digestive disease mortality for men (HR, 0.41 [CI, 0.32 to 0.54]; P for trend < 0.001) and women (HR, 0.60 [CI, 0.46 to 0.78]; P for trend < 0.001). Among women, there was a statistically significant inverse association of coffee drinking with circulatory disease mortality (HR, 0.78 [CI, 0.68 to 0.90]; P for trend < 0.001) and cerebrovascular disease mortality (HR, 0.70 [CI, 0.55 to 0.90]; P for trend = 0.002) and a positive association with ovarian cancer mortality (HR, 1.31 [CI, 1.07 to 1.61]; P for trend = 0.015). In the EPIC Biomarkers subcohort, higher coffee consumption was associated with lower serum alkaline phosphatase; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; γ-glutamyltransferase; and, in women, C-reactive protein, lipoprotein(a), and glycated hemoglobin levels. LIMITATIONS: Reverse causality may have biased the findings; however, results did not differ after exclusion of participants who died within 8 years of baseline. Coffee-drinking habits were assessed only once. CONCLUSION: Coffee drinking was associated with reduced risk for death from various causes. This relationship did not vary by country. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: European Commission Directorate-General for Health and Consumers and International Agency for Research on Cancer.


Assuntos
Café , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Mortalidade , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/mortalidade , Causas de Morte , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/mortalidade , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/mortalidade , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação/sangue , Testes de Função Hepática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Ovarianas/mortalidade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
7.
Nutrients ; 9(4)2017 Apr 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28406441

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Fluid and water intake have received limited attention in epidemiological studies. The aim of this study was to compare the average daily consumption of foods and beverages in adults of selective samples of the European Union (EU) population in order to understand the contribution of these to the total water intake (TWI), evaluate if the EU adult population consumes adequate amounts of total water (TW) according to the current guidelines, and to illustrate the real water intake in Europe. METHODS: Three national European dietary surveys have been selected: Spain used the Anthropometry, Intake, and Energy Balance Study (ANIBES) population database, Italy analyzed data from the Italian National Food Consumption Survey (INRAN-SCAI 2005-06), and French data came from the NutriNet-Santé database. Mean daily consumption was used to compare between individuals. TWI was compared with European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference values for adult men and women. RESULTS: On average, in Spain, TWI was 1.7 L (SE 22.9) for men and 1.6 L (SE 19.4) for women; Italy recorded 1.7 L (SE 16.9) for men and 1.7 L (SE 14.1) for women; and France recorded 2.3 L (SE 4.7) for men and 2.1 L (SE 2.4) for women. With the exception of women in France, neither men nor women consumed sufficient amounts of water according to EFSA reference values. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the need to formulate appropriate health and nutrition policies to increase TWI in the EU population. The future of beverage intake assessment requires the use of new instruments, techniques, and the application of the new available technologies.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta Saudável , Ingestão de Energia , Comportamento Alimentar , Sobrepeso/prevenção & controle , Cooperação do Paciente , Adulto , Bebidas/efeitos adversos , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Desidratação/etnologia , Desidratação/etiologia , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Dieta Saudável/etnologia , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Ingestão de Energia/etnologia , Comportamento Alimentar/etnologia , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Promoção da Saúde , Transição Epidemiológica , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/etnologia , Sobrepeso/etiologia , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia
8.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab ; 27(2): 158-168, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27710146

RESUMO

Although dehydration of ≥ 2% body weight (BW) loss significantly impairs endurance performance, dehydration remains prevalent among athletes and may be owing to a lack of knowledge in relation to fluid requirements. The aim of this study was to assess the hydration status of university/club level athletes (n = 430) from a range of sports/activities (army officer cadet training; bootcamp training; cycling; Gaelic Athletic Association camogie, football and hurling; golf; hockey; netball; rugby; running (sprinting and endurance); Shotokan karate and soccer) immediately before and after training/competition and to assess their nutritional knowledge. Urine specific gravity (USG) was measured immediately before and after exercise and BW loss during exercise was assessed. Nutritional knowledge was assessed using a validated questionnaire. 31.9% of athletes commenced exercise in a dehydrated state (USG >1.020) with 43.6% of participants dehydrated posttraining/competition. Dehydration was particularly prevalent (>40% of cohort) among karateka, female netball players, army officer cadets, and golfers. Golfers that commenced a competitive 18 hole round dehydrated took a significantly higher number of strokes to complete the round in comparison with their euhydrated counterparts (79.5 ± 2.1 vs. 75.7 ± 3.9 strokes, p = .049). Nutritional knowledge was poor among participants (median total score [IQR]; 52.9% [46.0, 59.8]), albeit athletes who were euhydrated at the start of exercise had a higher overall score in comparison with dehydrated athletes (55.2% vs. 50.6%, p = .001). Findings from the current study, therefore, have significant implications for the education of athletes in relation to their individual fluid requirements around exercise.


Assuntos
Atletas , Comportamento Competitivo , Desidratação/etiologia , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Ingestão de Líquidos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Comportamento Social , Adulto , Atletas/educação , Desempenho Atlético , Estudos de Coortes , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Desidratação/etnologia , Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta/etnologia , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde/etnologia , Humanos , Irlanda/epidemiologia , Masculino , Ciências da Nutrição/educação , Prevalência , Autorrelato , Ciências da Nutrição e do Esporte/educação , Universidades , Redução de Peso , Adulto Jovem
9.
Eur J Nutr ; 56(2): 739-748, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26646673

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Very few studies have examined the association between beverage intake patterns and healthy lifestyle characteristics. Most of the research that has been carried out focuses on the consumption of soft drinks or alcohol and ignores the overall beverage pattern. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between consumption of different types of beverage and physical exercise practice and MedDiet adherence. METHODS: Cross-sectional information about fluid intake from different types of beverages was collected in 1262 men and women between 18 and 70 years old, using a 24-h fluid-specific diary over seven consecutive days. Physical exercise was evaluated with a self-reported questionnaire, and MedDiet adherence was assessed using a validated 14-item questionnaire. Both variables were classified into three categories. RESULTS: Individuals with greater adherence to the MedDiet showed a higher intake of water and wine and a lower consumption of sweet regular beverages. Participants who engaged in more physical exercise consumed more water, milk and derivatives, juices and wine and less sweet regular beverages. Compared to the lowest category, the possibility of meeting the EFSA recommendations of total fluid intake was greater in individuals with eight or more points on the MedDiet adherence questionnaire [OR 1.94; 95 % CI 1.25-3.01] and in those who practice physical exercise three times a week or more [OR 1.71; 95 % CI 1.22-2.39]. Participants with a healthier lifestyle had a lower risk of exceeding the WHO's free-sugar recommendations only from beverages. CONCLUSIONS: Participants with greater adherence to the MedDiet and who engaged in more physical exercise exhibit a healthier pattern of fluid intake.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Dieta Mediterrânea , Sacarose Alimentar/administração & dosagem , Exercício Físico , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Cooperação do Paciente , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Bebidas/efeitos adversos , Estudos Transversais , Laticínios/efeitos adversos , Registros de Dieta , Dieta Mediterrânea/etnologia , Sacarose Alimentar/efeitos adversos , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Feminino , Sucos de Frutas e Vegetais/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Autorrelato , Espanha , Vinho/efeitos adversos , Adulto Jovem
10.
Nutrients ; 8(11)2016 Oct 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27809236

RESUMO

This study aimed to examine the association between drinking water intake and diet quality, and to analyse the adherence of French men and women to the European Food Safety Authority 2010 Adequate Intake (EFSA AI). A representative sample of French adults (≥18) from the Individual and National Survey on Food Consumption (INCA2) was classified, by sex, into small, medium, and large drinking water consumers. Diet quality was assessed with several nutritional indices (mean adequacy ratio (MAR), mean excess ratio (MER), probability of adequate intakes (PANDiet), and solid energy density (SED)). Of the total sample, 72% of men and 46% of women were below the EFSA AI. This percentage of non-adherence decreased from the small to the large drinking water consumers (from 95% to 34% in men and from 81% to 9% in women). For both sexes, drinking water intake was associated with higher diet quality (greater MAR and PANDiet). This association remained significant independently of socio-economic status for women only. Low drinking water consumers did not compensate with other sources (beverages and food moisture) and a high drinking water intake was not a guarantee for reaching the EFSA AI, meaning that increasing consumption of water should be encouraged in France.


Assuntos
Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta Saudável , Ingestão de Líquidos , Cooperação do Paciente , Recomendações Nutricionais , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Bebidas/efeitos adversos , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Desidratação/etiologia , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Dieta Saudável/etnologia , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Ingestão de Energia/etnologia , União Europeia , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Risco , Caracteres Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Adulto Jovem
11.
Nutrients ; 8(11)2016 Oct 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27809239

RESUMO

Obesity is a major epidemic for developed countries in the 21st century. The main cause of obesity is energy imbalance, of which contributing factors include a sedentary lifestyle, epigenetic factors and excessive caloric intake through food and beverages. A high consumption of caloric beverages, such as alcoholic or sweetened drinks, may particularly contribute to weight gain, and lower satiety has been associated with the intake of liquid instead of solid calories. Our objective was to evaluate the association between the substitution of a serving per day of water for another beverage (or group of them) and the incidence of obesity and weight change in a Mediterranean cohort, using mathematical models. We followed 15,765 adults without obesity at baseline. The intake of 17 beverage items was assessed at baseline through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The outcomes were average change in body weight in a four-year period and new-onset obesity and their association with the substitution of one serving per day of water for one of the other beverages. During the follow-up, 873 incident cases of obesity were identified. In substitution models, the consumption of water instead of beer or sugar-sweetened soda beverages was associated with a lower obesity incidence (the Odds Ratio (OR) 0.80 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68 to 0.94) and OR 0.85 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.97); respectively) and, in the case of beer, it was also associated with a higher average weight loss (weight change difference = -328 g; (95% CI -566 to -89)). Thus, this study found that replacing one sugar-sweetened soda beverage or beer with one serving of water per day at baseline was related to a lower incidence of obesity and to a higher weight loss over a four-year period time in the case of beer, based on mathematical models.


Assuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Cerveja/efeitos adversos , Bebidas Gaseificadas/efeitos adversos , Ingestão de Líquidos , Modelos Biológicos , Obesidade/etiologia , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/etnologia , Estudos de Coortes , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Ingestão de Energia/etnologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade/etnologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Autorrelato , Espanha/epidemiologia , Aumento de Peso , Redução de Peso
12.
Nutrients ; 8(11)2016 Oct 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27792160

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate total water intake (TWI) from water, beverages and foods among Italian adults and the elderly. METHODS: Data of 2607 adults and the elderly, aged 18-75 years from the last national food consumption survey, INRAN-SCAI 2005-06, were used to evaluate the TWI. The INRAN-SCAI 2005-06 survey was conducted on a representative sample of 3323 individuals aged 0.1 to 97.7 years. A 3-day semi-structured diary was used for participants to record the consumption of all foods, beverages and nutritional supplements. RESULTS: On average, TWI was 1.8 L for men and 1.7 L for women. More than 75% of women and 90% of men did not comply with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Adequate Intake. The contribution of beverages to the total energy intake (EI) was 6% for the total sample. Water was the most consumed beverage, followed by alcoholic beverages for men and hot beverages for women. CONCLUSION: According to the present results, adults and elderly Italians do not reach the adequate intake for water as suggested by the EFSA and by the national reference level of nutrient and energy intake. Data on water consumption should also be analyzed in single socio-demographic groups in order to identify sub-groups of the population that need more attention and to plan more targeted interventions.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos , Ingestão de Energia , Comportamento Alimentar , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Bebidas Alcoólicas , Dieta/etnologia , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Dieta Saudável , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Ingestão de Energia/etnologia , União Europeia , Comportamento Alimentar/etnologia , Feminino , Temperatura Alta , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Política Nutricional , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Caracteres Sexuais , Adulto Jovem
13.
Nutrients ; 8(11)2016 Oct 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27792184

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Water consumption as a vital component of the human diet is under-researched in dietary surveys and nutrition studies. AIM: To assess total water and fluid intakes and examine demographic, anthropometric, and dietary factors associated with water consumption in the Australian population. METHODS: Dietary intake data from the 2011 to 2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey were used. Usual water, fluid and food and nutrient intakes were estimated from two days of dietary recalls. Total water includes plain drinking water and moisture from all food and beverage sources; total fluids include plain drinking water and other beverages, but not food moisture. RESULTS: The mean (SD) daily total water intakes for children and adolescents aged 2-18 years were 1.7 (0.6) L for males and 1.5 (0.4) L for females, and for adults aged 19 years and over were 2.6 (0.9) L for males and 2.3 (0.7) L for females. The majority of the population failed to meet the Adequate Intake (AI) values for total water intake (82%) and total fluids intake (78%) with the elderly at highest risk (90%-95%). The contributions of plain drinking water, other beverages and food moisture to total water intake were 44%, 27%, and 29%, respectively, among children and adolescents, and 37%, 37% and 25% among adults. The main sources of other beverages were full-fat plain milk and regular soft drinks for children and adolescents, and tea, coffee, and alcoholic drinks for adults. For adults, higher total water intake was associated with lower percent energy from fat, saturated fat, and free sugars, lower sodium and energy-dense nutrient poor food intakes but higher dietary fibre, fruit, vegetable, caffeine, and alcohol intakes. No associations were found between total water consumption and body mass index (BMI) for adults and BMI z-score for children and adolescents. CONCLUSION: Reported water consumption was below recommendations. Higher water intakes were suggestive of better diet quality.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Dieta Saudável , Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos , Exercício Físico , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Cooperação do Paciente , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Austrália/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Desidratação/etnologia , Desidratação/etiologia , Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Política Nutricional , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Risco , Caracteres Sexuais
14.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(2)2016 Apr 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27173183

RESUMO

The association between the single nucleotide polymorphism rs762551 in the cytochrome P450 family 1, subfamily A2 gene (CYP1A2) and caffeine consumption remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify this potential association. Twelve studies were selected from articles retrieved from the and Google Scholar databases, and the data were analyzed to determine the odds ratio (OR) of genotypes AA (conferring fast caffeine metabolism) vs AC + CC (conferring slow caffeine metabolism). Comparisons were made between 6161 high caffeine consumers and 3219 low caffeine consumers. The overall analysis showed a significant association between genotype AA and coffee intake  [OR = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-1.24; Q = 19.23, P = 0.06; I2 = 43%]. In subgroup analyses, the association was also found within male, younger, and Caucasian subjects (OR = 1.21, 95%CI = 1.08- 1.35; OR = 1.71, 95%CI = 1.18-2.48; OR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.12-1.49, respectively) but not in female, older, and Asian subjects (OR = 0.98, 95%CI = 0.83-1.15; OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.56-1.22; OR = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.71-1.17, respectively). Therefore, the rs762551 AA genotype may lead to higher coffee intake, especially in males, younger age groups, and individuals of Caucasian ethnicity. Our data highlight the need to test other CYP1A2 polymorphisms showing significance in genome-wide association studies to clarify the association with caffeine intake in the Asian population.


Assuntos
Café , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A2/genética , Ingestão de Líquidos/genética , Comportamento Alimentar/etnologia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Povo Asiático , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Comportamento de Ingestão de Líquido , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , População Branca
15.
J Immigr Minor Health ; 18(5): 979-986, 2016 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26163335

RESUMO

Immigrant/refugee children sometimes have substantially higher blood lead levels (BLLs) than US-born children in similar environments. We try to understand why, by exploring the relationship between immigration status of mother and the BLLs of US-born children. We compared BLLs of children born in Michigan to immigrant and non-immigrant parents, using the Michigan database of BLL tests for 2002-2005, which includes the child's race, Medicaid eligibility and address. We added census data on socio-demographic/housing characteristics of the child's block group, and information about parents. Low parental education, single parent households, mothers' smoking and drinking, all increase the child's BLL. However, immigrant parents had fewer characteristics associated with high BLL than US born parents, and their children had lower BLLs than children of US-born mothers. Our findings suggest that prior findings of higher BLLs among immigrant/refugee children probably result from them starting life in high-lead environments.


Assuntos
Emigrantes e Imigrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde/etnologia , Chumbo/sangue , Mães/estatística & dados numéricos , Refugiados/estatística & dados numéricos , Pré-Escolar , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Habitação , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Medicaid/estatística & dados numéricos , Michigan , Grupos Raciais/estatística & dados numéricos , Fumar/etnologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estados Unidos
16.
Eur J Sport Sci ; 16(3): 336-43, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25743610

RESUMO

Observational research on professional athletes from the USA suggests differences may exist in sweat sodium loss based on ethnic differences. The New Zealand (NZ) sporting population is mainly of European or Maori/Pacific Island origin. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the fluid-electrolyte balance of athletes by ethnicity. A total of 20 Maori/Pacific Islanders (MP; body mass 100.97 ± 13.05 kg) and 29 NZ European (NZE; body mass 89.11 ± 11.56 kg) elite male athletes were recruited. Sweat rates were determined by body mass change during a 1-h spin cycle exercise session, during which fluid intakes and heart rate were recorded. Sweat samples were analysed for sodium concentration. Mean ± SD sweat sodium concentrations were 73.4 ± 27.2 mmol·L(-1) and 55.5 ± 26.8 mmol·L(-1) for the MP and NZE groups, respectively (p = 0.070). Sweat rate was 0.93 ± 0.26 L·h(-1) for the MP group and 0.89 ± 0.33 L·h(-1) for the NZE group (p = 0.357). Fluid intake was 1.05 ± 0.48 L and 0.93 ± 0.49 L for MP and NZE, respectively (p = 0.395). Half of the MP group gained weight during the exercise session compared to 37% of the NZE group. Pre-exercise urine specific gravity was significantly lower amongst the NZE group (1.016 ± 0.009 g mL(-1)) than the MP group (1.024 ± 0.008 g mL(-1)) p = 0.001. There was no significant difference in heart rate between the groups, p = 0.082. Hydration practices of athletes in NZ may differ by ethnicity, and this may highlight the need for more targeted education by ethnicity.


Assuntos
Atletas , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Equilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/fisiologia , Adulto , Peso Corporal , Etnicidade , Exercício Físico , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Nova Zelândia/etnologia , Ilhas do Pacífico/etnologia , Sódio/análise , Suor/química , Sudorese , População Branca , Adulto Jovem
17.
Eur J Nutr ; 54 Suppl 2: 35-43, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26066354

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate the total fluid intake from drinking water and beverages in adult populations from different countries and assess the percentage of individuals complying with the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) adequate intake (AI) of water from fluids. METHODS: A total of 16,276 adults (7580 men and 8696 women) aged between 18 and 70 years (mean age 39.8 years) were randomly recruited from 13 different countries from three continents. Information about the total daily fluid intake (sum of drinking water and beverages) was collected using a 24-h fluid-specific record over seven consecutive days. RESULTS: Important differences in total fluid intake between countries were found; however, few differences between men and women were reported in most of the countries. Less than 50 % of the women and approximately 60 % of the men do not comply with the EFSA AI of water from fluids. Women were more than twice as likely as men to meet these AI (OR 2.15; 95 % CI 2.02-2.29). The odds of meeting the AI of water from fluids were lower in individuals over 50 years (OR 0.88; 95 % CI 0.80-0.96). Nine percent of the total population consumed less than half of the AI, 40.5 % between 50 and 100 %, and 50.5 % more than the AI. CONCLUSIONS: There were considerable differences in total fluid intake between countries but not between genders. Only 40 % of men and 60 % of women comply with the EFSA AI of water from fluids. Men and elderly individuals had an increased risk of not complying with this reference value.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos , Saúde Global , Política Nutricional , Cooperação do Paciente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Ásia/epidemiologia , Bebidas/análise , Estudos Transversais , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Desidratação/etnologia , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Registros de Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Feminino , Saúde Global/etnologia , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiologia , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Risco , Caracteres Sexuais , Água/administração & dosagem , Água/análise
18.
Eur J Nutr ; 54 Suppl 2: 27-34, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26066355

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To compare (1) fluid, food and nutrient intake obtained with a paper versus an online version of a 7-day food record and (2) user's acceptability of both versions of the food record. METHODS: A cross-over study was carried out in 2010 in France. A total of 246 participants aged 18-60 years reported their food and fluid intake using both versions of the 7-day food record, separated by a 7- to 14-day washout period. To help participants in estimating consumed portions, both versions of the food record were supported by a photographic booklet of standard portions and containers. At the end of the study protocol, participants completed a questionnaire designed to assess the acceptability of the two questionnaires. RESULTS: The reported water intake of fluids was significantly higher with the online version compared with the paper version (respectively 1348 ± 36 and 1219 ± 34 mL/day, p < 0.0001). No difference was found between methods in terms of energy intake and the consumption of most food categories, macro- and micronutrients. Furthermore, 77 % of the participants preferred the online method to the paper version. CONCLUSIONS: Fluid intake, but not food intake, reported with the online 7-day food record was higher in comparison with the paper version. In addition, the online version was preferred by users. In population surveys, the online record is therefore a relevant alternative, and even a preferred alternative in the case of fluid intake, to the paper record.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos , Avaliação Nutricional , Política Nutricional , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Cooperação do Paciente , Adulto , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Bebidas/análise , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Cross-Over , Desidratação/etnologia , Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Registros de Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Feminino , Análise de Alimentos , França , Humanos , Internet , Masculino , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/etnologia , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Recomendações Nutricionais , Autorrelato , Água/administração & dosagem , Água/análise
19.
Eur J Nutr ; 54 Suppl 2: 57-67, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26081646

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To describe total fluid intake (TFI) according to socio-demographic characteristics in children and adolescents worldwide. METHODS: Data of 3611 children (4-9 years) and 8109 adolescents (10-18 years) were retrieved from 13 cross-sectional surveys (47 % males). In three countries, school classes were randomly recruited with stratified cluster sampling design. In the other countries, participants were randomly recruited based on a quota method. TFI (drinking water and beverages of all kinds) was obtained with a fluid-specific record over 7 consecutive days. Adequacy was assessed by comparing TFI to 80 % of adequate intake (AI) for total water intake set by European Food Safety Authority. Data on height, weight and socio-economic level were collected in most countries. RESULTS: The mean (SD) TFI ranged from [1.32 (0.68)] to [1.35 (0.71)] L/day. Non-adherence to AIs for fluids ranged from 10 % (Uruguay) to >90 % (Belgium). Females were more likely to meet the AIs for fluids than males (4-9 years: 28 %, OR 0.72, p = 0.002; 10-18 years: 20 %, OR 0.80, p = 0.001), while adolescents were less likely to meet the AI than children (OR 1.645, p < 0.001 in males and OR 1.625, p < 0.001 in females). CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of children and adolescents are at risk of an inadequate fluid intake. This risk is especially high in males and adolescents when compared with females or children categories. This highlights water intake among young populations as an issue of global concern.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil , Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos , Saúde Global , Política Nutricional , Cooperação do Paciente , Adolescente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Adolescente/etnologia , Ásia/epidemiologia , Bebidas/análise , Criança , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil/etnologia , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Desidratação/epidemiologia , Desidratação/etnologia , Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Feminino , Saúde Global/etnologia , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiologia , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Recomendações Nutricionais , Risco , Água/administração & dosagem , Água/análise
20.
Eur J Nutr ; 54 Suppl 2: 17-25, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26072215

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To compare total fluid intake (TFI), defined as the sum of water and all other fluid types, assessed with a 24-h dietary (food and fluid) recall with mean TFI assessed with a 7-day fluid-specific record among adolescents and adults. METHODS: This repeated cross-sectional study compared TFI as assessed by two fluid assessment instruments using a crossover approach. 290 adolescents (17.3 ± 0.8 years, 50 % boys) and 289 adults (43 ± 9.3 years, 50 % men) from Indonesia completed the study. RESULTS: Significant correlations were observed between fluid intake assessed with the 24-h recall and the 7-day fluid record (r = 0.333; p < 0.001). The Bland-Altman method, however, showed an underestimation (bias) of mean TFI by a 24-h recall when compared with the 7-day fluid record [mean difference (95 % CI) -382 mL (-299, -465); p < 0.001]. The mean difference also increased with increasing TFI: Mean difference for the lowest and highest quartiles of TFI was 139 versus -1265 mL/day. The 7-day fluid record recorded two (95 % CI -1.9, -2.4; p < 0.0001) extra drinking acts compared with the 24-h recall, whereas the mean volume per drinking act was significantly higher with the 24-h recall [mean difference (95 % CI) 39 mL (31, 47); p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: Compared with a 7-day fluid record, a 24-h dietary recall significantly underestimated TFI. Subjects recalled two less drinking acts, while estimating the volume consumed per drinking act to be larger. Since the adequate intakes for total water intake are based on median intakes observed in national surveys that most frequently used the 24-h recall method, they may potentially be underestimated.


Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Adolescente , Bebidas , Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos , Avaliação Nutricional , Política Nutricional , Cooperação do Paciente , Adolescente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Adolescente/etnologia , Adulto , Bebidas/análise , Estudos Cross-Over , Estudos Transversais , Desidratação/etnologia , Desidratação/prevenção & controle , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Dieta/etnologia , Registros de Dieta , Ingestão de Líquidos/etnologia , Feminino , Humanos , Indonésia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cooperação do Paciente/etnologia , Recomendações Nutricionais , Autorrelato , Água/administração & dosagem , Água/análise , Adulto Jovem
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