Can lymphangiosarcoma be resurrected? A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of lymphatic differentiation in 49 angiosarcomas.

AIMS: The term lymphangiosarcoma has largely been abandoned in the current classification of endothelial neoplasms. Recently, a number of lymphatic-associated antibodies have been developed for immunohistochemistry, which frequently stain angiosarcomas, implying lymphatic or mixed lymphatic and blood vascular differentiation is common. The aim was to investigate further lymphatic antigen expression, and to explore the relation of immunohistochemistry to morphological and clinical findings. METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-nine angiosarcomas in tissue microarrays were analysed with D2-40 and antibodies to Prox-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-3. D2-40 was positive in 53%, Prox-1 in 76%, and VEGFR-3 in 57%. Tumours with features attributable to lymphatic differentiation such as hobnail and kaposiform morphologies were more often positive with these markers, including a statistical association between D2-40 and hobnailing. Ten tumours had features suggestive of lymphatic differentiation, namely well-differentiated histology, interanastomosing channels devoid of red cells, prominent hobnailing, lymphoid aggregates, and multi-antigen expression of D2-40 (100%), Prox-1 (100%) and VEGFR-3 (60%), which might be deserving of the appellation lymphangiosarcoma. Nine were cutaneous scalp/facial tumours in elderly patients and one arose within chronic lymphoedema. CONCLUSIONS: Lymphatic differentiation is common in angiosarcoma, certain subsets show greater lymphatic differentiation than others, and lymphangiosarcoma may be defined pathologically, rather than clinically.

Postmastectomy low-grade angiosarcoma. An unusual case clinically resembling a lymphangioma circumscriptum.

A 90-year-old white woman developed a low-grade cutaneous angiosarcoma arising on a chronically lymphedematous extremity 15 years after a radical mastectomy for breast carcinoma. This neoplasm had the clinical appearance of lymphangioma circumscriptum and was characterized by an unusually benign course with a 3-year follow-up.

[Primary malignant liver tumors in children]. / Pervichnye zllokachestvennye opukholi u detei.

The review is based on the analysis of 17 national and 58 foreign publications dealing with the epidemiology, classification, age features, morphology, ultrastructure, histogenesis, complications and outcomes of primary malignant tumors of the liver in children. This analysis showed primary tumors of the liver in children to occupy the third place among neoplasia of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. There are no universally accepted terms for their designation and this prevents the development of a unique classification. Under 3 years, tumors develop predominantly from the embryonal tissue: hepatoblastomas of epithelial and mixed types frequently combined with congenital disorders and malformations of other organs. At more advanced age, hepatic carcinoma, a tumor of the adult type, is found. The review deals with the problems of histogenesis and classification of primary hepatic tumors in children. An opinion is given on the entodermo-mesodermal nature of embryonal hepatic tumors from the pluripotential blastema capable of malignization both into entodermal and mesodermal components. The prognosis of the disease is poor, 90% of children with hepatoblastoma and 80% with hepatocarcinoma die within one year after the diagnosis is established.,