The Psychohistory of Child Maltreatment Among Antebellum Slaveholders: Part II.

In the psychohistory of the antebellum South, the extent of child abuse in slaveholder families is important for understanding how members of the southern elite were reared and the extent to which they were infected with the toxic residue of their elders' passions and rages. It is argued that the Old South was a developing region, rather than an already developed one. Consequently, the rate of child abuse that is characteristic of contemporary postindustrial societies is not the proper paradigm for conceptualizing the abuse rate in slaveholder families. It is proposed instead that the rate of child abuse in contemporary developing societies is a better fit for estimating abuse in the antebellum South. Societal and familial variables impinging on the abuse of slaveholder children­corporal punishment, alcohol consumption, hyper-masculinity, a traumatogenic culture of violence, wife abuse, maternal ambivalence and neglect, miscegenation and incest are discussed, as is the likelihood of maltreatment by slaves. Using a study of child abuse across 28 nations, tentative rates of abuse are proposed.

Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) as a third-wave therapy / La Terapia Integral Conductual de Pareja (TICP) como terapia de tercera generación

BACKGROUND: This article presents a description of the Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT), and puts forwards its contributions, its techniques and progress, the research data on its usefulness compared to traditional behavioral couple therapy, and explains basically its articulation in third-wave behavior therapies using the concepts of functionality, rule-governed/contingency-shaped behavior and acceptance. METHOD: A theoretical review of the main IBCT bibliography was carried out. RESULTS: The review shows that this intervention model includes innovative intervention strategies (to promote acceptance and tolerance) that join the already well-known behavioral couple therapy techniques (behavior exchange, communication training and couple problem solving), substantially modifying the therapy. Furthermore, it incorporates useful orientation for especially difficult problems in couples (such as infidelity and substance use, abuse and dependence situations). CONCLUSIONS: After this analysis, IBCT is revealed as a new intervention, the scope of which is still spreading among professionals. The acceptance concept, one of the core elements of third-wave therapies, has been fruitfully included in behavioral couple therapy through the IBCT

ANTECEDENTES: este artículo presenta una descripción de la Terapia Integral Conductual de Pareja (TICP); se enumeran sus aportaciones, sus técnicas y su curso; se ofrecen datos de investigación respecto a su utilidad comparada con la terapia de pareja conductual tradicional y se explica su articulación en las terapias de tercera generación a través de los conceptos de funcionalidad, aceptación y conducta gobernada por reglas/moldeada por contingencias. MÉTODO: se efectuó una revisión teórica en la bibliografía más importante de la TICP. RESULTADOS: la revisión ha revelado que este modelo de intervención incluye novedosas estrategias de intervención (para el fomento de la aceptación y la tolerancia) que se unen a las ya conocidas de la terapia de pareja conductual (intercambio de reforzadores, entrenamientos en comunicación y resolución de problemas), de forma que modifica sustantivamente la terapia; además, incorpora orientaciones útiles para problemas especialmente difíciles de las parejas (como infidelidades y situaciones de consumo de sustancias, maltrato y dependencia). CONCLUSIONES: la TICP se presenta como una intervención nueva y cuyo alcance está aún por divulgarse. El concepto de aceptación, uno de los elementos nucleares de la tercera generación, se ha incorporado fructíferamente a la terapia de pareja a través de la TICP

Violência sexual contra a mulher: histórico e conduta / Sexual violence against women: history and management

Objetivo: Análise do histórico da violência contra a mulher desde sua gênese até a situação atual do enfrentamento a violência sexual no Brasil, através de políticas governamentais de atendimento a essas vítimas. Afinal, superar esta violência hoje é um dos maiores desafios no atendimento à saúde da mulher. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática sobre o assunto tendo como referência um estudo documental na literatura pertinente, além das normas técnicas do Ministério da Saúde. Conclusões: Ratifica-se a importância do conhecimento sobre o assunto e do atendimento adequado às vítimas de violência sexual, para que estas não sofram as consequências de tal agravo.(AU)

Objective: Historical analysis of violence against women since its genesis up to the current situation of confronting sexual violence in Brazil, through government assistence policies for these victims, since overcoming this violence is now one of the biggest challenges in health care of women. Method: A systematic review on the subject was performed with reference to a desk study of the relevant literature, as well as the technical standards of the Ministry of Health. Conclusions: It confirms the importance of knowledge on the subject and appropriate care to victims of sexual violence, so they do not suffer the consequences of such harm.(AU)

Uxoricide in pregnancy: ancient Greek domestic violence in evolutionary perspective.

Previous studies of ancient Greek examples of uxoricide in pregnancy have concluded that the theme is used to suggest tyrannical abuse of power and that the violence is a product of the patriarchal nature of ancient society. This article uses evolutionary analyses of violence during pregnancy to argue that the themes of sexual jealousy and uncertainty over paternity are as crucial as the theme of power to an understanding of these examples and that the examples can be seen as typical instances of spousal abuse as it occurs in all types of society.

Attributing selected costs to intimate partner violence in a sample of women who have left abusive partners: a social determinants of health approach.

Selected costs associated with intimate partner violence were estimated for a community sample of 309 Canadian women who left abusive male partners on average 20 months previously. Total annual estimated costs of selected public- and private-sector expenditures attributable to violence were $13,162.39 per woman. This translates to a national annual cost of $6.9 billion for women aged 19­65 who have left abusive partners; $3.1 billion for those experiencing violence within the past three years. Results indicate that costs continue long after leaving, and call for recognition in policy that leaving does not coincide with ending violence.

"Bessie done cut her old man": race, common-law marriage, and homicide in New Orleans, 1925-1945.

This essay examines domestic homicide in early twentieth-century New Orleans. African-American residents killed their domestic partners at eight times the rate of white New Orleanians, and these homicides were most often committed by women, who killed their partners at fifteen times the rate of white women. Common-law marriages proved to be especially violent among African-American residents. Based on nearly two hundred cases identified in police records and other sources as partner killings between 1925 and 1945, this analysis compares lethal violence in legal marriages and in common-law unions. It also explores the social and institutional forces that buffeted common-law marriages, making this the most violent domestic arrangement and contributing to the remarkably high rate of spousal homicide by African-American women in early twentieth-century New Orleans.

With "equal regard": an overview of how Ellen Pence focused the supervised visitation field on battered women and children.

Ellen Pence has changed the framework for doing supervised visitation and safe exchanges in cases of domestic violence. Ellen challenged the basic tenets of "neutrality" and a primary focus on "safety for children" in the supervised visitation field. By incorporating equal regard for the safety of adult victims of domestic violence and children, Ellen challenged supervised visitation centers to reexamine their mission, role, intake/orientation, documentation, and rules for their programming. She designed services for supervised visitation that would account for battering of women and children while not being excessively policing and providing a respectful and fair atmosphere for men who batter.

Ellen's Hand.

This essay offers reflections, both personal and professional, on the contributions of Ellen Pence to changes in law enforcement responses to domestic violence victims and offenders.

The colonial context of violence: reflections on violence in the lives of native american women.

This article presents an overview of the ongoing colonial context that perpetuates and supports violence against First Nations women. This context must be recognized and changed as a prerequisite to eliminating or reducing this violence. The article includes a discussion of how gender roles have changed under colonization, the extent of violence, and steps that must be taken to eradicate violence against Native American women.

Enfoque de género; manual de capacitación

Género como construccion social; discriminaciòn de genero y condiciones de vida de la mujer en Bolivia; institucionalizacion del enfoque de genero; violencia contra la mujer; violencia domestica; violencia sexual; alternativas para la eliminación de la violencia contra la mujer; derechos humanos, derechos humanos de las mujeres; normatividad internacional sobre derechos humanos de las mujeres; normatividad interna: leyes y proyectos de ley; autoestima; ; identidad, liderazgo; sugerencias metodologicas

Shifting categories of the social harms associated with alcohol: examples from late medieval and early modern England.

This paper offers a historical perspective on our own attempts to define the social harms associated with the abuse of alcohol. Challenging the notion that categories are necessarily objective and constant, it instead emphasizes the extent to which even harms that are visible and thus susceptible to measurement are in fact socially constructed. English sources from the preindustrial era revealed six broad categories of social harms associated with the abuse of alcohol. Four of the categories consisted of visible harms in the form of income lost, domestic violence, brawling, and accidents, all of which are still recognized as social harms associated with the abuse of alcohol. The other two categories, reversal of the established moral order and susceptibility to trickery, were of an essentially intrinsic or subjective nature and have since dropped from the lexicon of social harms.