RESUMO
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We present the reader with insight on the most common disorders of the knee in newborns and infants. Knee issues in this population may confuse the first contact physicians due to certain peculiarities of the immature immune system, small size and underdevelopment of joint anatomy. Data presented here are recent and significant, and something to bear in mind when caring for children of this age. RECENT FINDINGS: With the advent of new diagnostic methods, a shift in the causative agent of pediatric knee infections has been noted. Minimally invasive methods such as arthrocentesis and arthroscopy are successfully employed in treatment of knee problems in newborns and infants. A trial of conservative therapy in congenital patellar instability can give good results, and obviate the need for surgery in some cases. Various syndromes that affect the knee have specific characteristics that need to be recognized early to avoid problems in the future. SUMMARY: Although rare, knee problems in infants can and do occur. Their cause varies significantly and good outcomes require a multidisciplinary approach. Early diagnosis, referral and initiation of treatment protocols can significantly influence the fate of the joint and with it the patients' functional status for life.
Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas/diagnóstico , Doenças Ósseas/terapia , Artropatias/diagnóstico , Artropatias/terapia , Articulação do Joelho , Doenças Ósseas/congênito , Criança , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Artropatias/congênito , Joelho/anormalidades , Articulação do Joelho/anormalidades , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Menisco/anormalidades , Anormalidades Musculoesqueléticas/diagnóstico , Anormalidades Musculoesqueléticas/terapiaRESUMO
Las raíces son fundamentales para la función meniscal debido a que son el punto de anclaje en el platillo tibial y permiten la adecuada función de los mismos. Sus lesiones deben ser motivo de alta sospecha diagnóstica para evitar daños condrales precoces. El tratamiento debe ser la reinserción de la lesión ya que el seguimiento a corto plazo ha demostrado buenos resultados. El trasplante meniscal está reservado como cirugía de salvamento cuando no es posible realizar el reparo.
The meniscal roots are essential for their proper functioning. They are the meniscal anchorage point into the tibial plateau maintaining their normal function. Diagnosis of these lesions requires a high degree of suspicion to prevent early development of chondral injuries. Surgical root repair should be attempted, for short-term follow-up has evidenced good outcomes. Meniscal transplantation is reserved for salvage situations when a meniscus cannot be repaired.
