Daño hepático inducido por mesterolona: a propósito de un caso / Drug-induced liver injury due to mesterolone: A case report

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Adverse effect of the anabolic-androgenic steroid mesterolone on cardiac remodelling and lipoprotein profile is attenuated by aerobicz exercise training.

Abuse of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) for improving physical performance is associated with serious, sometimes fatal, adverse effects. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of AAS on the cardiac structure and the plasma lipoprotein profile isolated and in combination with exercise. Transgenic mice with a human lipaemic phenotype (expressing cholesteryl ester transfer protein on the LDL receptor knockout background) were used in this study. Sedentary and exercised mice (treadmill running, five times per week for 6 weeks) were treated with mesterolone (2 microg/g body weight) or vehicle (control-C) in the last 3 weeks. Four groups were compared: (i) exercise + mesterolone (Ex-M), (ii) exercise + vehicle (Ex-C), (iii) sedentary + mesterolone (Sed-M) and (iv) sedentary + vehicle (Sed-C). Arterial blood pressure and body mass increased in all groups along time, but Sed-M reached the highest values and Ex-C the lowest. Treatment with mesterolone increased total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and very LDL-c (VLDL-c) plasma levels. However, exercise blunted some of these deleterious effects by increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreasing LDL-c, VLDL-c and triglycerides. Exercise training induced beneficial effects, such as physiological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, increase in myocardial circulation and decrease in cardiac interstitium. However, mesterolone impaired such physiological gains and in addition increased troponin T plasma levels both in sedentary and exercised mice. Thus, while mesterolone induced pro-atherogenic lipoprotein profile and pathogenic cardiac hypertrophy, exercise counteracted these effects and modified favourably both the lipoprotein profile and the cardiac remodelling induced by mesterolone.

A comparison of the antidepressant effects of a synthetic androgen (mesterolone) and amitriptyline in depressed men.

The antidepressant effects of amitriptyline and mesterolone, a synthetic androgen, were compared in a double-blind parallel treatment design. The drugs were equally effective in reducing depressive symptoms. Mesterolone produced significantly fewer adverse side effects than amitriptyline.

The effects of mesterolone, a male sex hormone in depressed patients (a double blind controlled study).

Based on computer EEG (CEEG) profiles, in high doses, antidepressant properties of mesterolone, a synthetic androgen, were predicted. In a double-blind placebo controlled study, the clinical effects of 300-450 mg daily mesterolone were investigated in 52 relatively young (age range 26-53 years, mean 42.7 years) male depressed outpatients. During 6 weeks of mesterolone treatment, there was a significant improvement of depressive symptomatology. However, since an improvement was also established during the placebo treatment, no statistically appreciable difference in the therapeutic effects of mesterolone was established compared to placebo. Mesterolone treatment significantly decreased both plasma testosterone and protein bound testosterone levels. Patients with high testosterone levels prior to treatment seem to have had more benefit from mesterolone treatment than patients with low testosterone levels. The degree of improvement weakly correlated to the decrease of testosterone levels during mesterolone treatment.

[Long-term treatment of renal anaemia with mesterolone (author's transl)]. / Langzeitbehandlung der renalen Anämie mit Mesterolon.

Mesterolone, 150 mg daily by mouth, was given to 26 patients (10 men, 16 women) with renal anaemia on chronic haemodialysis (3 times for 5 hours). At the beginning of treatment the patients had been dialysed for at least 6 months under stable conditions: iron deficiency had been excluded or treated. Progressive improvement in the anaemia was observed during the treatment period. After 39 months the haemoglobin concentration had risen from 74 +/- 4 g/l to 95 +/- 5 g/l, haematocrit from 0.22 +/- 0.01 to 0.28 +/- 0.02, and the red-cell count from 2.44 +/- 0.12 X 10(12)/l to 3.09 +/- 0.2 X 10(12)/l. Side effects were rare; some patients developed increased appetite with a rise in body weight, while some women developed acne or hirsutism. There was no effect of mesterolone on liver function. The results indicate that mesterolone can favourably influence renal anaemia and that the side effects of this testosterone derivative are not such as to prohibit its use in women.

[Androgenic therapy and hepatocellular carcinoma. Report of a case]. / Terapia androgénica y carcinoma hepatocelular. Informe de un caso.

A 65 years old, female patient with acquired aplastic anemia secondary to frequent exposure to hair dye. While on treatment with anabolic steroids hormone became jaundiced and developed hepatomegaly eight months later. During laparotomy the liver was enlarged, hard, with multiple whitish nodules on its surgace but was otherwise normal. Liver biopsy showed hepatocellular carcinoma, there were not cirrhosis niether hemochromatosis. A review of the related literature was done and discussed on the experimental and clinical evidences that suggested that androgens may play same role on the etiology of liver cancer.

Mesterolone: thrombosis during treatment, and a study of its prothrombotic effects.

1. We describe a patient who developed deep vein thrombosis after commencing treatment with the synthetic androgen, mesterolone (Pro-Viron). 2. To investigate the potential thrombogenic action of this drug, a 21 day course of mesterolone (100 mg/day) was given to nine healthy male volunteers. 3. No significant change after treatment occurred in any of the blood tests performed (clotting times, Factor VIII coagulant activity, Factor VIII related antigen, antithrombin III activity, fibrinogen, fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products, plasminogen, euglobulin lysis time, urokinase sensitivity, platelet count, haematocrit, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity). 4. We conclude that in a conventional dose taken for 3 weeks mesterolone does not produce a consistent measurable prothrombotic state, nor does it enhance fibrinolysis.

[The effect of mesterolone in panmyelopathic anemia and anemia of renal failure]. / Die Wirkung von Mesterolon bei Panmyelopathien und renalen Anämien

A controlled randomized multicenter trial was carried out to examine the therapeutic value of the androgen mesterolone in aplastic anemia and anemia of renal failure. the drug was given in a dose of 2 mg/kg orally for 6 months. Control patients received no androgens but were otherwise similarily treated. 31 patients with aplastic anemia could be evaluated. No significant difference was found between androgen treated control cases in respect to bone marrow cellularity, improvement of peripheral blood cell counts or survival. In a group of 14 patients not being hemodialyzed with anemia from renal failure, 3 of the androgen treated and none of the control patients showed progressive and significant improvement of erythropoiesis; however, this was not a statistically significant difference when the both groups of patients were compared. The results do not suggest that the androgen mesterolone is of therapeutic value in the majority of adult patients with aplastic anemia. Possible reasons of the discrepancy to positive results reported in the literature are discussed.

Fetal testicular homografting for bilateral congenital anorchism.

Fetal testicular homografting, performed on a 27-year-old man with histologically proven congenital anorchism, is reported. The clinical and laboratory findings 4 and 12 months after the operation suggested that the grafted testicles were viable. No similar case has been encountered in a review of the literature.