Antioxidant and functional properties of cowhide collagen peptides.

In the present study, antioxidant activities and functional properties of cowhide collagen antioxidant peptides (CCAPs) with different molecular weight (MW) were investigated. The optimum preparation conditions of CCAPs were hydrolysis time of 1.53 hr, temperature of 54.9 °C, pH 7.38, and neutral enzyme to trypsin ratio of 0.048 g: 0.016 g according to single factor test and response surface methodology (RSM). Three fractions (CCAP-I, CCAP-II, and CCAP-III) were obtained by ultrafiltration and lyophilization. Antioxidant activities revealed that CCAP-III had high reducing power activity (0.323 ± 0.035) and scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals (64.30 ± 5.99%), 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radicals (75.25 ± 3.14%), and hydroxyl radicals (68.26 ± 6.74%) compared to the other fractions. In addition, LC-MS/MS analysis showed that Ala-Gly-Glu-Arg, Gly-Ile-Ala-Gly-Glu-Arg, Gly-Pro-Ala-Gly-Pro-Ala-Gly-Pro-Arg, Gly-Val-Val-Gly-Pro-Glu-Gly-Ala-Arg and Gly-Phe-Ser-Gly-Leu-Asp-Gly-Ala-Lys were the major peptides of CCAP-III. CCAP-III showed good hygroscopicity (HYG), water holding capacity (WHC), and oil holding capacity (OHC) when compared with CCAP-I and CCAP-II. However, CCAP-II has great emulsifying properties, and CCAP-I has excellent foaming properties. Therefore, CCAPs can be used as a promising source of functional peptides with antioxidant properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study demonstrated the peptides of cowhide collagen has superior antioxidant and functional properties. This study provided a scientific basis for the preparation of antioxidant peptides from cowhide collagen.

Ultrasonic-assisted cloud point microextraction and spectrophotometric determination of Ponceau 4R in various beverage samples using Non-ionic surfactant PONPE 7.5.

In the current study, a simple, cheap, and fast analytical procedure, termed ultrasonic-assisted cloud point microextraction (UA-CPME), combined with UV-VIS spectrophotometry, was developed for the pre-concentration and identification of Ponceau 4R in some beverage samples. Ponceau 4R was extracted from aqueous solution using polyethylene glycol mono-p-nonylphenyl ether (PONPE 7.5) as extraction solvent in the presence of Cu(II) at pH 6.0. Variables influencing the UA-CPME extraction efficiency such as pH, metal type and amount, temperature, ultrasonic effect, solvent type, non-ionic surfactant type and concentration were optimised in detail. Under optimum conditions, the analytical properties of the developed method were as follows: linear working range, 20-750 µg L-1; limit of detection, 6.5 µg L-1; and the pre-concentration factor, 200. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) obtained for 50 µg L-1 (n = 5) of Ponceau 4R was 2.9%. The accuracy and precision of the method were evaluated by intra-day and inter-day studies. Finally, the developed method has been successfully applied to the separation and identification of Ponceau 4R in the selected samples and the recoveries ranged from 94.3 to 104.2.

Rapid determination of seven synthetic dyes in casual snacks based on packed-fibers solid-phase extraction coupled with HPLC-DAD.

Based on packed-fiber solid-phase extraction and HPLC-DAD, a simple analytical method for the determination of seven synthetic dyes has been successfully developed. Polystyrene/polypyrrole (PS/PPy) fibers were obtained via electro-spinning of polystyrene skeletal nanofibers, followed by the oxidation with FeCl3 to trigger the polymerization of pyrrole and the deposition of polypyrrole coatings on PS fibrous skeleton fibers. The relationship between the extraction performance of the fibers and the electrospinning process at different humidities was investigated based on morphologic study and BET surface area. In the extraction process, purification, concentration, and desorption could be accomplished in one step. The established method exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility, and good efficiency for synthetic dyes in casual snacks (preserved fruit, flavored yogurt, and fruity hard candy) samples. With optimal conditions, the LODs (S/N = 3) were 2.4 to 21.09 ng mL-1, and linearities were acceptable in liquid matrix and solid matrices. The recoveries were 93.9-103.9%.

Fabrication and characterization of porous titanium-based PbO2 electrode through the pulse electrodeposition method: Deposition condition optimization by orthogonal experiment.

Porous titanium-based PbO2 electrodes were successfully fabricated by pulse electrodeposition method. The primary pulse electrodeposition parameters, including pulse frequency (f), duty ratio (γ), average current density (Ja) and electrodeposition time (t) were considered in this study. An orthogonal experiment was designed based on those four factors and in three levels. SEM images and XRD results suggest that the surface morphology and structure of PbO2 electrodes could be easily changed by varying pulse electrodeposition parameters. Orthogonal analysis reveals that the increase of f and Ja could decrease the average grain size of PbO2 electrodes, which is conducive to create more active sites and promote the generation of hydroxide radicals. The electrochemical degradation of Azophloxine was carried out to evaluate the electrochemical oxidation performance of pulse electrodeposited electrodes. The results indicate that the influences of four factors can be ranked as follow: Ja >γ≈ t > f. The higher f, larger Ja and longer t could facilitate the optimization of the integrated electrochemical degradation performance of prepared PbO2 electrode. The accelerated life time is dominated by Ja and t, coincident with the average weight increase of ß-PbO2 layer. The optimal parameters of pulse electrodeposition turn out to be: f = 50 Hz, γ = 30%, Ja = 25 mA cm-2, t = 60 min. Together, the consequences of the experiments give assistance to uncover and roughly conclude the mechanism of pulse electrodeposition.

Plasmonic nanoparticles on metal-organic framework: A versatile SERS platform for adsorptive detection of new coccine and orange II dyes in food.

Synthetic dyes have been widely applied to food processing, but abuse of colourants in food may pose risks to human health. To analyze new coccine (NC) and orange II (OII) in food, a versatile surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform was proposed. A metal-organic framework (MOF, UiO-66(NH2)) with octahedral crystal structure was synthesized and gold nanoparticles were grown on the MOF surface to fabricate UiO-66(NH2)@Au versatile SERS platform. The UiO-66(NH2)@Au displayed much better SERS performance than gold nanoparticles with high R2 of 0.9684 for NC and 0.9912 for OII and low LOD of 0.4015 mg/L for NC and 0.0546 mg/L for OII. The recoveries of NC and OII in Mirinda soft drink and paprika ranged from 82.92 to 109.63%. This study provided a sensitive and rapid method for determination of NC and OII through UiO-66(NH2)@Au, and the proposed SERS platform revealed great potential for analyzing synthetic colourants in food samples.

Removing of carmoisine dye pollutant from contaminated waters by photocatalytic method using a thin film fixed bed reactor.

Recently, the advanced oxidation processes have been used to treat wastewater containing various dye pollutants via various methods of purification. In this work, the removal of the Carmoisine dye from contaminated waters by a photocatalytic method in a recirculating thin-film fixed bed reactor (TFFBR) was investigated and was compared with photolysis. By the surface response method via Minitab software, the experiments were designed in such a way that the effects of different parameters on the process were studied. The effect of various parameters, for instance, pH of solution, reaction time, initial dye concentration, flow rate, hydrogen peroxide concentration on the dye removal efficiency has been investigated. By the screening and optimization stages in the response surface method, the optimal conditions for performing the process were as follows: 45 min of time, pH 2, 13.33 mM of H2O2 concentration, the flow rate of 0.25 Lmin-1, and 10 mg/L of dye concentration. The proficiency of removing color by advanced oxidation is more than 97% under optimum conditions.

Point-of-Care Chlamydia trachomatis Detection Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Hydroxynaphthol Blue.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a new nucleic acid amplification technique that provides high sensitivity and specificity compatible to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and simplicity, without the requirement of an expensive thermal cycler. Additionally, LAMP coupled hydroxynaphthol blue (HNB) allowed for visual color detection by the naked eye. Here we describe the methodology of Chlamydia trachomatis detection of vaginal swab from crude DNA lysis to LAMP-HNB reaction. The result can be read by the naked eye through color change from violet (negative) to sky blue (positive). The result can be confirmed by UV spectra and agarose gel electrophoresis. This assay uses all nonhazardous chemical reagents and is hence safe to the users, and requires little specialist training or knowledge.

Formaldehyde in "Nontoxic" Nail Polish.

BACKGROUND: Nail polish is known to contain potentially hazardous chemicals that have been linked to adverse health effects after overexposure. Formaldehyde is used as an antimicrobial, preservative, and nail hardener in select nail products, yet it is a recognized carcinogen and potent allergen in allergic contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether formaldehyde is present in nail polishes marketed as formaldehyde-free. METHODS: Twenty-nine cosmetic nail polishes were purchased for analysis; of these, 28 were advertised as formaldehyde-free and/or did not declare formaldehyde in their ingredient lists. Initial testing was pursued using the chromotropic acid method, which uses a red-purple color change to indicate the presence of formaldehyde. Products were subsequently analyzed at least twice using high-performance liquid chromatography, quantifying formaldehyde amount above the detection limit of 2 ppm. CONCLUSIONS: High-performance liquid chromatography analysis found 5 of 29 products containing formaldehyde, 4 of which were advertised as formaldehyde-free. All other products were negative for formaldehyde (<2 ppm). Further investigation is warranted among brands testing positive and whether multiple products within the same line contain formaldehyde. Nail products must be labeled appropriately to avoid adverse reactions among individuals with cutaneous sensitivities.

DaimonDNA: A portable, low-cost loop-mediated isothermal amplification platform for naked-eye detection of genetically modified organisms in resource-limited settings.

The steady increase in commercialization of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) demands low-cost, rapid and portable GMO-detection methods that are technically and economically sustainable. Traditional nucleic acid detection platforms are still expensive, immobile and generate complex read-outs to be analyzed by experienced personal. Herein, we report the development of a portable, rapid and user-friendly GMO-detection biosensor, DaimonDNA. The system specifically amplifies the target DNA using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and provides real-time, naked-eye detection with Hydroxynaphthol blue reagent in less than 30 min. The construction of the platform relies on 3D printing and off-the-shelf electronic components that makes it extremely low-cost (<25 Euro), light weight (108 g), mobile (6 × 6 × 3 cm) and suitable for field deployment. We present the detection of the soybean lectin gene as a species control, and P35S as a transgene element found in many GMO varieties. We confirmed specificity of the DaimonDNA biosensor using" RoundUp Ready (RRS)" and MON89788 soybean genomic DNA with P35S and lectin primer sets. We characterized sensitivity of our system using 76.92, 769.2 and 7692 copies of RRS soybean genomic DNA in a non-GMO background. We benchmarked the DNA amplification and detection efficiency of our system against a thermocycling machine by quantifying the images obtained from gel electrophoresis and showed that our system is comparable to most other reported isothermal amplification techniques. This system can also be used for widespread point-of-care or field-based testing that is infrequently performed due to the lack of rapid, inexpensive, user-friendly and portable methods.

The synthesis, adsorption mechanism and application of polyethyleneimine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the analysis of synthetic colorants in candies and beverages.

A green and simple method was designed to synthesize polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which were later used as adsorbents in magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) process. A new MSPE-HPLC method was then established for the simultaneous determination of four representative synthetic colorants (Amaranth, Ponceau 4R, Sunset yellow and Allure red) in food samples. Several important factors, such as the pH of the sample solution, the amount of adsorbent, the adsorption time, and the type of the eluent were investigated in detail. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the four colorants were measured with good linearity, detection limit and quantification limit. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were also investigated to elucidate the adsorption mechanism. The detection of four colorants in candy, jelly and carbonated drink proved that the established MSPE-HPLC method was simple and effective and can be used for the analysis of colorants in real samples.

Formaldehyde Release From Baby Wipes: Analysis Using the Chromotropic Acid Method.

BACKGROUND: Formaldehyde is a common preservative and strong sensitizer. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the release of formaldehyde from baby/toddler wet wipes using the chromotropic acid method (CAM). METHODS: An online search of best-selling baby wipes was conducted. None declared formaldehyde or formaldehyde-releasing preservatives. Standard CAM procedures were used: a 1 × 1-in square of fresh wipe was placed in a bottle with an open vial of 4 mg/1 mL of chromotropic acid and sulfuric acid solution, sealed, and stored for 48 hours. Formalin and water served as controls. A blinded investigator graded color change (negative, indeterminate, mild, moderate, or strong). For quality control, 20% of all samples as well as all positives were retested. RESULTS: Fifty-one popular and highly reviewed baby and toddler wet wipe products were tested using CAM. Twelve wipes (24%) released formaldehyde (8 mild, 4 moderate/strong). Chromotropic acid method testing of 9 wipes (18%) was indeterminate and 30 (59%) were negative. CONCLUSIONS: Almost one quarter of baby/toddler wet wipes released formaldehyde when evaluated with CAM. Patients and clinicians should be aware of this potentially undeclared source of this common allergen.

Electrochemical detection and quantification of Reactive Red 195 dyes on graphene modified glassy carbon electrode.

Reactive Red 195 was detected from industrial waste samples electrochemically on graphene modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), using both bare and surface changed GCE at different pH media from 1.0 to 13.0. The optimum pH was determined to be 4.0. RR 195 exhibited good linear responds at pH 4.0 on both electrode surfaces. Other parameters, such as accumulation potential, accumulation time, initial scan potential, pulse height, pulse width, and potential scan increment and scan rate are optimized and calibration plot was also derived on different concentrations of the dye. The stripping voltammetric behavior of dye exhibits very low limit of detection on graphene coated electrode (30 ppb). The adsorption of compound on GCE and graphene coated GCE are confirmed using atomic force microscopy studies.

Experimental Design Approach to Optimize HPLC Separation of Active Ingredients, Preservatives, and Colorants in Syrup Formulation.

Background: Preservatives and colorants in pharmaceutical products may be highly toxic, especially for sensitive individuals, when they are used in excessive amounts. In this context, sensitive and non-labor-intensive analytical methods with short analysis time for simultaneous quantification of these additive substances in drugs can meet all requirements in quality control laboratories. Objective: The aim of the study was to develop a simultaneous HPLC method for the analysis of pseudoephedrine HCl and guaifenesin, along with preservatives, methyl paraben and propyl paraben, and colorants, ponceau 4R and sunset yellow, in a syrup sample. Methods: Optimum conditions of HPLC separation were determined by Box-Behnken experimental design. Four independent variables of the separation were pH (6.0, 6.5, and 7.0) and flow rate of the mobile phase (2.0, 2.2, and 2.4 mL/min) and mobile phase ratios for the first and second gradient elutions (75, 80, and 85% for Gradient 1 and 50, 55, and 60% for Gradient 2 in terms of phosphate buffer percent, respectively). Results: The optimum conditions were found to be pH, 6.3; flow rate, 2.4 mL/min; and mobile phase ratios (phosphate buffer-acetonitrile) for Gradient 1 and 2, 85+15 (v/v) and 60+40 (v/v), respectively. Conclusions: Simultaneous analysis of all compounds was achieved by using this HPLC method with a short run time below 10 min. Highlights: This simple, rapid, and validated method is convenient and applicable for routine analysis of pharmaceutical products having similar composition without the need for any extraction step.

Determination of cochineal and erythrosine in cherries in syrup in the presence of quenching effect by means of excitation-emission fluorescence data and three-way PARAFAC decomposition.

The simultaneous determination of two food colorants (cochineal (E-120) and erythrosine (E-127)) was achieved by means of excitation-emission fluorescence matrices and three-way PARAFAC decomposition together with the use of a calibration set that contained binary mixtures of both analytes. In the measured conditions, the amount of cochineal present in the sample affected the fluorescence signal of erythrosine since cochineal caused a quenching effect in the fluorescence of the other food additive. However, the signal of cochineal was not affected by the presence of erythrosine. A calibration line for erythrosine was built for each different concentration level of cochineal. The slopes of these regressions were different depending on the amount of quencher, whereas the intercepts were statistically equal to 0 at a 95% confidence level. The quantification of erythrosine was possible using the regression "amount of cochineal" versus "the slope of the calibration line for erythrosine". Using this procedure, the mean of the absolute values of the relative errors in prediction for mixtures of both colorants were 5.86% (n = 10) for cochineal and 4.17% (n = 10) for erythrosine. Both analytes were unequivocally identified by the correlation between the pure spectra and the PARAFAC excitation and emission spectral loadings. Pitted cherries in syrup were analyzed. Cochineal and erythrosine were detected in those cherries at a concentration of 185.05 mg kg-1 and 10.76 mg kg-1, respectively. These concentration values were statistically equal to the ones obtained with a HPLC/DAD method.

Gliding arc plasma pre-treatment of kaolin in spatial post-discharge mode for removal of Reactive Red 2 dye from aqueous solution.

This study investigates the ability of spatial post-discharge mode functionalized kaolin to remove textile dye Reactive Red 2 from aqueous solution compared to that of the raw kaolinite. To fulfill the aim, the removal conditions, including plasma exposure time, processed mode (direct and post-discharge), pH of the aqueous dye solution, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage, were investigated. The changes that occur on clay surfaces before and after gliding arc plasma treatment were followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen physisorption. The point of zero charge and the changes of the textural properties after gliding arc plasma treatment were also examined. The experimental data were analyzed using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and empirical Elovich models. The diffusion phenomenon was also studied. The results obtained indicate that spatial post-discharge pre-treatment of kaolin deeply influences the functional groups of some of its minerals as well as the morphology and texture of its particles. Consequently, at room temperature (∼30 °C), the maximum adsorption capacities of natural raw kaolin clay were tripled after treatment with gliding arc plasma in spatial post-discharge mode and were almost doubled after the direct treatment mode.

Evaluation of four novel isothermal amplification assays towards simple and rapid genotyping of chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum.

Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay is sensitive, prompt, high throughput and field deployable technique for nucleic acid amplification under isothermal conditions. In this study, we have developed and optimized four different visualization methods of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to detect Pfcrt K76T mutants of P. falciparum and compared their important features for one-pot in-field applications. Even though all the four tested LAMP methods could successfully detect K76T mutants of P. falciparum, however considering the time, safety, sensitivity, cost and simplicity, the malachite green and HNB based methods were found more efficient. Among four different visual dyes uses to detect LAMP products accurately, hydroxynaphthol blue and malachite green could produce long stable color change and brightness in a close tube-based approach to prevent cross-contamination risk. Our results indicated that the LAMP offers an interesting novel and convenient best method for the rapid, sensitive, cost-effective, and fairly user friendly tool for detection of K76T mutants of P. falciparum and therefore presents an alternative to PCR-based assays. Based on our comparative analysis, better field based LAMP visualization method can be chosen easily for the monitoring of other important drug targets (Kelch13 propeller region).

Investigation of applicability of Electro-Fenton method for the mineralization of naphthol blue black in water.

In this study, mineralization and color removal performance of electro-Fenton method were examined in water containing naphthol blue black (NBB), a diazo dye. NBB was totally converted to intermediate species in a 15-min electrolysis at 60 mA, but complete de-colorization took 180 min. A very high oxidation rate constant ((3.35 ±â€¯0.21) x 1010 M-1s-1) was obtained for NBB, showing its high reactivity towards hydroxyl radicals. A very high total organic carbon (TOC) removal value (45.23 mg L-1) was obtained in the first 60 min of the electro-Fenton treatment of an aqueous solution of NBB (0.25 mM) at 300 mA, indicating the mineralization efficiency of the electro-Fenton method. Mineralization current efficiency values obtained at 300 mA gradually decreased from 24.18% to 4.47% with the electrolysis time, indicating the presence of highly parasitic reactions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the cleavage of azo bonds of NBB led to formation of different aromatic and aliphatic oxidation intermediates. Ion chromatography analysis showed that ammonium, nitrate and sulfate were the mineralization end-products. The concentration of sulfate ion reached to its quantitative value at the 4th h of electrolysis. On the other hand, the total concentration of ammonium and nitrate ions reached to only 61% of the stoichiometric amount of initial nitrogen after a 7 h electrolysis. Finally, it can be said that the electro-Fenton method is a suitable and efficient method for the removal of NBB and its intermediates from water.

Occurrence of azo food dyes and their effects on cellular inflammatory responses.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of five azo food dyes-tartrazine, sunset yellow, carmoisine, allura red, and ponceau 4 R-in the food supply chain of Singapore and their effects on the in vitro synthesis of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and F2-isoprostanes. METHODS: Trained personnel recorded the names of foods and beverages sold in a local supermarket that contained at least one of the five azo dyes. The occurrence of the azo dyes in the local food supply was computed. The synthesis of LTB4 and F2-isoprostanes from freshly isolated blood neutrophils were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Of the 1681 processed food items, 194 (11.54%) contained at least one of the five azo dyes. Tartrazine was most prevalent in food and beverage products sold in Singapore, followed by allura red, sunset yellow, ponceau 4 R, and carmoisine. The five azo dyes augmented the in vitro synthesis of LTB4 and F2-isoprostanes from blood neutrophils. Tartrazine was significantly more potent in increasing LTB4 synthesis than the other dyes, which exhibited similar potencies. The five food dyes increased the formation of F2-isoprostanes from blood neutrophils at all tested concentrations. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of azo dyes in the food supply of Singapore and their ability to elicit proinflammatory responses in vitro suggest a potential health risk to the local population.

Toxicity evaluation of textile effluents and role of native soil bacterium in biodegradation of a textile dye.

Water pollution caused by the discharge of hazardous textile effluents is a serious environmental problem worldwide. In order to assess the pollution level of the textile effluents, various physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in the textile wastewater and agricultural soil irrigated with the wastewater (contaminated soil) using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis that demonstrated the presence of several toxic heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Zn) and a large number of organic compounds. Further, in order to get a comprehensive idea about the toxicity exerted by the textile effluent, mung bean seed germination test was performed that indicated the reduction in percent seed germination and radicle-plumule growth. The culturable microbial populations were also enumerated and found to be significantly lower in the wastewater and contaminated soil than the ground water irrigated soil, thus indicating the biotic homogenization of indigenous microflora. Therefore, the study was aimed to develop a cost effective and ecofriendly method of textile waste treatment using native soil bacterium, identified as Arthrobacter soli BS5 by 16S rDNA sequencing that showed remarkable ability to degrade a textile dye reactive black 5 with maximum degradation of 98% at 37 °C and pH in the range of 5-9 after 120 h of incubation.

Degradation reaction of Diazo reactive black 5 dye with copper (II) sulfate catalyst in thermolysis treatment.

The theme of present research demonstrates performance of copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4) as catalyst in thermolysis process to treat reactive black 5 (RB 5) dye. During thermolysis without presence of catalyst, heat was converted to thermal energy to break the enthalpy of chemical structure bonding and only 31.62% of color removal. With CuSO4 support as auxiliary agent, the thermally cleaved molecular structure was further destabilized and reacted with CuSO4. Copper ions functioned to delocalize the coordination of π of the lone paired electron in azo bond, C=C bond of the sp2 carbon to form C-C of the sp3 amorphous carbon in benzene and naphthalene. Further, the radicals of unpaired electrons were stabilized and RB 5 was thermally decomposed to methyl group. Zeta potential measurement was carried out to analyze the mechanism of RB 5 degradation and measurement at 0 mV verified the critical chemical concentration (CCC) (0.7 g/L copper (II) sulfate), as the maximum 92.30% color removal. The presence of copper (II) sulfate catalyst has remarkably increase the RB 5 dye degradation as the degradation rate constant without catalyst, k1 is 6.5224 whereas the degradation rate constant with catalyst, k2 is 25.6810. This revealed the correlation of conversion of thermal energy from heat to break the chemical bond strength, subsequent fragmentation of RB 5 dye molecular mediated by copper (II) sulfate catalyst. The novel framework on thermolysis degradation of molecular structure of RB 5 with respect to the bond enthalpy and interfacial intermediates decomposition with catalyst reaction were determined.