Incidence and survival of sebaceous carcinoma in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Information on risk factors, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is limited. OBJECTIVE: We sought to analyze trends in SC in the United States from 2000 through 2012. METHODS: We used data from the 18 registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program from 2000 to 2012 to calculate the cause of death, relative frequencies/incidences, 5-/10-year Kaplan-Meier survival, hazard ratios, and incidence rates for SC. Each parameter was analyzed by age, location of occurrence (ocular/extraocular), race, sex, and SEER registry. RESULTS: Overall incidence was 0.32 (male) and 0.16 (female) per 100,000 person-years. Incidence significantly increased, primarily because of an increase among men. Incidence among whites was almost 3 times the rate among non-whites. Male sex (P < .0001), black race (P = .01), and extraocular anatomic location (P < .0001) were associated with significantly higher all-cause mortality. However, overall case-specific mortality for SC decreased significantly. LIMITATIONS: Underregistration of patients in SEER registries, lack of verification of individual diagnoses, and low levels of staging data because of low stage-classification rate are limitations. CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence of SC is increasing significantly. Male sex, black race, and extraocular occurrences are associated with significantly greater mortality.

Sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid: clinicopathological features and outcome in Asian Indians.

PURPOSE: To study the clinical and histopathological features of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) and to evaluate the prognosis in the Asian-Indian population. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 191 patients with SGC. RESULTS: The mean age at presentation of eyelid SGC was 57 years (median, 56 years). The tumor epicenter was most commonly located in the upper eyelid (n=125, 65%). The mean tumor basal diameter was 15 mm (median, 10 mm). There was evidence of tumor extension into the orbit (n=30, 16%), paranasal sinuses (n=3, 2%), and brain (n=1, 1%). Wide excision biopsy (n=146, 78%) was the most common treatment modality. Tumor recurrence was noted in 42 (24%) patients over a mean follow-up period of 29 months (median, 20 months). On the basis of the Kaplan-Meier estimate, lymph node metastasis occurred in 18%, systemic metastasis was detected in 10%, and death occurred in 2% of patients at 10 years. On multivariate analysis, the factors predicting locoregional lymph node and systemic metastasis were medial canthal involvement (P=0.004; P=0.013), lateral canthal involvement (P=0.013; P=0.025), tumor basal diameter >10 mm (P=0.002; P=0.002), and perivascular invasion (P=0.043; P<0.001), respectively. The factors predicting death due to metastasis on multivariate analysis were medial canthal involvement (P=0.012) and tumor basal diameter >10 mm (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Advanced eyelid SGC is a tumor associated with poor prognosis. In this study, canthal involvement, larger tumor diameter, and perivascular invasion were poor prognostic factors.