RESUMO
A novel Gram-stain negative, aerobic, halotolerant, motile, rod-shaped, predatory bacterium ASxL5T, was isolated from a bovine slurry tank in Nottinghamshire, UK using Campylobacter hyointestinalis as prey. Other Campylobacter species and members of the Enterobacteriaceae were subsequently found to serve as prey. Weak axenic growth on Brain Heart Infusion agar was achieved upon subculture without host cells. The optimal growth conditions were 37 °C, at pH 7. Transmission electron microscopy revealed some highly unusual morphological characteristics related to prey availability. Phylogenetic analyses using 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate was related to members of the Oceanospirillaceae family but could not be classified clearly as a member of any known genus. Whole genome sequencing of ASxL5T confirmed the relationship to members the Oceanospirillaceae. Database searches revealed that several ASxL5T share 16S rRNA gene sequences with several uncultured bacteria from marine, and terrestrial surface and subsurface water. We propose that strain ASxL5T represents a novel species in a new genus. We propose the name Venatorbacter cucullus gen. nov., sp. nov. with ASxL5T as the type strain.
Assuntos
Antibiose , Bovinos/microbiologia , Oceanospirillaceae/genética , Oceanospirillaceae/fisiologia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Animais , Genoma Bacteriano , Oceanospirillaceae/ultraestrutura , Filogenia , Resíduos/análiseRESUMO
A novel heterotrophic, marine, strictly aerobic, motile bacterium was isolated from the Red Sea at a depth of 1 m. Analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence, retrieved from the whole-genome sequence, showed that this bacterium was most closely related to the genera Oleispira, Oceanobacter and Thalassolituus, each of which contains a single species, within the class Gammaproteobacteria. Phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses supported the creation of a novel genus and species to accommodate this bacterium, for which the name Bermanella marisrubri gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Bermanella marisrubri is RED65(T) (=CECT 7074(T) =CCUG 52064(T)).
Assuntos
Genoma Bacteriano , Oceanospirillaceae/classificação , Oceanospirillaceae/genética , Microbiologia da Água , Oceano Índico , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Oceanospirillaceae/ultraestrutura , Fenótipo , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Symbiotic associations between microbes and invertebrates have resulted in some of the most unusual physiological and morphological adaptations that have evolved in the animal world. We document a new symbiosis between marine polychaetes of the genus Osedax and members of the bacterial group Oceanospirillales, known for heterotrophic degradation of complex organic compounds. These organisms were discovered living on the carcass of a grey whale at 2891 m depth in Monterey Canyon, off the coast of California. The mouthless and gutless worms are unique in their morphological specializations used to obtain nutrition from decomposing mammalian bones. Adult worms possess elaborate posterior root-like extensions that invade whale bone and contain bacteriocytes that house intracellular symbionts. Stable isotopes and fatty acid analyses suggest that these unusual endosymbionts are likely responsible for the nutrition of this locally abundant and reproductively prolific deep-sea worm.
Assuntos
Evolução Biológica , Osso e Ossos/química , Oceanospirillaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Poliquetos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Simbiose , Animais , Biodegradação Ambiental , Osso e Ossos/microbiologia , DNA/genética , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Microscopia Eletrônica , Oceanospirillaceae/genética , Oceanospirillaceae/ultraestrutura , Oceano Pacífico , Filogenia , Poliquetos/genética , Poliquetos/ultraestrutura , RNA Bacteriano/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , BaleiasRESUMO
A novel species that belongs to the genus Marinospirillum is described on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences and DNA-DNA hybridization. Four strains of helical, halophilic, Gram-negative, heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from kusaya gravy, which is fermented brine that is used for the production of traditional dried fish in the Izu Islands of Japan. All of the new isolates were motile by means of bipolar tuft flagella, of small cell size, coccoid-body-forming and aerophilic; it was concluded that they belong to the same bacterial species, based on DNA-DNA hybridization values (>70% DNA relatedness). DNA G+C contents of the new strains were 42-43 mol% and they had isoprenoid quinone Q-8 as the major component. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolates were members of the genus Marinospirillum; sequence similarity of the new isolates to Marinospirillum minutulum, Marinospirillum megaterium and Marinospirillum alkaliphilum was 98.5, 98.2 and 95.2%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the gyrB gene indicated that the new isolates had enough phylogenetic distance from M. minutulum and M. megaterium to be regarded as different species, with 84.7 and 78.7% sequence similarity, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization showed that the new isolates had <36% DNA relatedness to M. minutulum and M. megaterium, supporting the phylogenetic conclusion. Thus, a novel species is proposed: Marinospirillum insulare sp. nov. (type strain, KT=LMG 21802T=NBRC 100033T).
