Revisiting the Maxillary Teeth in 384 Subjects Reveals A Deviation From the Classical Aesthetic Dimensions.

Dental esthetics need to be defined from the scientific perspective in order to obtain predictable treatment outcomes and avoid the effects of subjectivisms on the part of the dental profesional. It can be deduced that the ideal dimensions in the maxillary anterior sector are difficult to establish. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to define the dimensions of the maxillary anterior teeth and the relationships between them. In addition, an analysis was made to reinvestigate whether they complied with the Golden proportion, the RED (Recurrent Esthetic Dental) proportion and the Golden percentage. A total of 2304 tooth corresponding to 384 subjects were evaluated. The central incisor presented a mean width of 8.58 mm and a height of 9.35 mm, while the lateral incisor presented a width of 6.69 mm and a height of 7.75 mm. The mean width of the canine was 7.69 mm, with a height of 8.68 mm. The teeth revisited in this study did not comply with the ideal dimensions in the anterior maxillary sector as established by the Golden proportion, Golden percentage and RED. The information obtained from this study can be clinically applied to restore the dimensions during periodontal surgery, restorative dentistry and prosthetic rehabilitation.

Validación de un algoritmo para el cálculo de las dimensiones dentarias basado en el método de Bloise / Validation of an algorithm for calculation of tooth dimensions based on the method of Bloise

Introducción: Cuando se estudia material óseo procedente de excavaciones arqueológicas o restos aislados es frecuente que las condiciones de conservación sean deficientes, por lo que la reconstrucción antropométrica de los principales rasgos característicos no se puede observar. Este problema es aún mayor en los casos forenses, en los que en muchas ocasiones la identificación debe realizarse únicamente a través de piezas dentarias. Por este motivo, son necesarios métodos alternativos validados que permitan la identificación de un individuo a partir de elementos dentarios. Objetivo: Validar el algoritmo, basado en el método de Bloise, comparando las dimensiones características de una pieza dentaria de diámetro mesiodistal conocido, tomado como dato inicial para el cálculo, con las dimensiones calculadas de esa misma pieza dentaria. Materiales y métodos: Materiales: se desarrolló un algoritmo basado en el método de Bloise en Excell Versión 14.0. 2010 para calcular el tamaño de piezas dentarias a partir de una única pieza conocida. Las mediciones se realizaron utilizando un calibre digital, clase 2, con precisión de 0,01 mm, y un calibre dentario, clase 2, con precisión de 0,01 mm. Muestra: se realizaron 106 medidas dentarias, provenientes de cráneos y modelos de yeso, todos seleccionados de la Cátedra de Odontología Legal y Forense. Procedimiento experimental: se midió el diámetro medial de una pieza dentaria conocida y se calculó su dimensión usando el algoritmo de cálculo. Análisis de datos: los datos experimentales se compararon con los valores calculados por el algoritmo aplicando el método de Bland-Altman. Para una mayor precisión del algoritmo se determinó un factor de corrección a partir de los coeficientes de regresión lineal de Pearson (p <0,05). Finalmente, se compararon de nuevo los valores corregidos y los valores experimentales usando el método de Bland-Altman. Resultados: Aplicando el método de Bland-Altman entre los valores experimentales y los calculados sin corrección se observó una dispersión de hasta dos desviaciones estándar. Este problema fue corregido utilizando el factor de corrección determinado por los coeficientes de Pearson, esto es, Cor = (Cal - 0,0183)/0,9601. Esta corrección permitió disminuir las diferencias entre el valor experimental y el valor calculado por el algoritmo próximo a ±0,08mm (menor que una desviación estándar). Conclusión: El factor de corrección sugerido para el método de Bloise se acerca más a los datos dentarios medidos experimentalmente. A partir de esta corrección fue posible validar el algoritmo basado en el método de Bloise (AU)

Introduction: When you study bone material from archaeological excavations or isolated remains, it is frequent that storage conditions are poor, so the anthropometric reconstruction of the main characteristic features cannot be observed. This problem is even greater in forensic cases in which, on many occasions, the identification must only be performed through tooth parts. For this reason, it is necessary to use validated alternative methods that allow the identification of an individual from dental fragmented remains. Goal: Validate the algorithm, based on the Bloise's method, by comparing the characteristic dimensions of a tooth in mesiodistal diameter known, taken as initial data for the calculation, with the calculated dimensions of the same tooth. Materials and methods: Software: an algorithm based on the Bloise's method in friendly Excel Version 14.0. 2010 was developed to calculate the size of the teeth from a single known piece. Instruments: the measurements were performed using a digital caliper, class 2, with 0.01 mm accuracy and a tooth gauge, class 2, with 0.01 mm accuracy. Subjects: were carried out 106 measures teeth, skulls and plaster models, were selected from Chair of Legal and Forensic Dentistry. Experimental procedure: a known tooth medial diameter was measured and its dimension was calculated using the algorithm. Analysis of data: the experimental data were compared with the values calculated by the algorithm using the method of Bland-Altman. For greater accuracy of the algorithm a correction factor was determined from the linear regression of Pearson coefficients (p <0.05). Finally, the corrected values and the experimental values were again compared using the method of Bland-Altman. Results: When the Bland-Altman's method was applied between the experimental and the calculated values without correction, it was observed a dispersion of up to two standard deviations. This problem was corrected using the correction factor determined by the Pearson coefficient, i.e. Cor = (Cal - 0.0183)/0.9601. This fix allowed to decrease the bias for differences of ±0.08 mm (less than one standard deviation) between the experimental value and the value obtained from the algorithm. Conclusion: Correction factors suggested to Bloise's method is closer to the dental data measured experimentally. From this correction, it was possible to validate the virtual simulator based on the Bloise's method (AU)

The evolution of tooth wear indices.

Tooth wear--attrition, erosion and abrasion-is perceived internationally as an ever-increasing problem. Clinical and epidemiological studies, however, are difficult to interpret and compare due to differences in terminology and the large number of indices that have been developed for diagnosing, grading and monitoring dental hard tissue loss. These indices have been designed to identify increasing severity and are usually numerical. Some record lesions on an aetiological basis (e.g. erosion indices), others record lesions irrespective of aetiology (tooth wear indices); none have universal acceptance, complicating the evaluation of the true increase in prevalence reported. This article considers the ideal requirements for an erosion index. It reviews the literature to consider how current indices have evolved and discusses if these indices meet the clinical and research needs of the dental profession.

Research trends in human osteology: a content analysis of papers published in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

This paper explores recent research trends in human osteology, based on articles published in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology (AJPA) during two 5-year intervals: 1980--1984 and 1996--2000. Topical "visibility" is measured in terms of article counts; "impact" is estimated through citation indices. Our results indicate that human osteologists continue to publish a range of methodological, analytical, and descriptive research papers that address a broad array of subjects. Analytical articles are cited more frequently than descriptive articles and thus have higher impact, reflecting the discipline's continued commitment to problem-oriented research. Differences in publication patterns exist between scholars during early and later stages of their careers. Articles published by students and Ph.D.s within 2 years of their doctoral degree are more frequently descriptive than analytical, when compared to people with longer career histories. Topics such as pathology, forensic anthropology, and biodistance modeling remain highly visible, while articles on the dentition have waned. An increase in functional research directed toward the postcranial skeleton is also reflected in our data. While continued visibility for morphological investigations is apparent, the impact of recently developed applications in bone chemistry and molecular anthropology is amply documented in our data, particularly during the more recent survey years.

Algumas características de tratamentos endodônticos realizados por cirurgiöes-dentistas de Ribeiräo Preto. Parte II: técnicas de odontometria e de instrumentaçäo mais usadas / Some characteristics of endodontic treatment performed by dentists of Ribeiräo Preto - SP. Part II: odontometric and instrumentation techniques most commonly utilized

Utilizando-se dados obtidos em entrevistas com 100 cirurgiöes-dentistas escolhidos aleotoriamente e proporcionalmente aos endereços de seus consultórios privados, números de Códigos de Endereçamento Postal, no ano de 1986 na cidade de Ribeiräo Preto, Estado de Säo Paulo, fez-se um estudo das principais características dos tratamentos endodônticos realizados. Com metodologia estudou-se: técnicas de odontometria e técnicas de instrumentaçäo usadas durante o tratamento endodôntico