Immunohistochemical localization of pancreatic spasmolytic polypeptide (PSP) in the pig.

Pancreatic spasmolytic polypeptide (PSP) is a peptide that is isolated from the porcine pancreas and that affects intestinal motility and growth of intestinal tumour cells in vitro. The peptide was recently demonstrated to be present in large amounts in pancreatic juice. The cellular origin of the peptide, however, is largely unclarified and the localization was therefore studied of PSP in pigs using immunohistochemistry. Positive immunoreactions were seen in the pancreas, the stomach, the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum. In the pancreas, the PSP immunoreaction was seen in all acinar cells; no immunoreaction was seen in the endocrine islets. In the stomach, it was localized to the mucous cells of the glands in the cardiac gland region, the corpus and the pylorus. In the duodenum a strong immunoreaction was present in Brunner's glands and in the cells of their excretory ducts. In the jejunum and ileum, PSP immunoreactivity was seen in some of the cells in the epithelium of the crypts of Lieberkühn. A peptide chromatographically identical to highly purified PSP was identified in pancreas and stomach extracts. Thus epithelial cells in all parts of the stomach and small intestine contribute to the supply of PSP to the gut lumen.

Antigenicity tests on propiverine hydrochloride in guinea pigs and mice.

Antigenicity of propiverine hydrochloride (P-4), a newly developed drug for pollakisuria, was investigated in guinea pigs and mice. 1. Two strains of mice (BALB/c and C3H/He) showed no production of antibodies against P-4 inoculated with aluminum hydroxide gel (alum) as an adjuvant, judged by the heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test using rats. On the other hand, antibodies against P-4-ovalbumin (OVA) conjugate inoculated with alum was definitely detected. 2. In the studies with guinea pigs, both the inoculation of P-4 alone and of P-4 with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) as an adjuvant did not produce positive reactions in any of homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and passive hemagglutination (PHA) tests. On the other hand, the inoculation of P-4-OVA conjugate with FCA produced positive reaction in all of PCA, ASA and PHA tests. 3. In the active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) test in guinea pigs inoculated with P-4-OVA conjugate with FCA, positive reaction was produced by eliciting injection of P-4-human serum albumin (HSA). 4. In the Schultz-Dale reaction test, any animals in any groups showed no positive reaction to both eliciting antigens, P-4 and P-4-HSA. 5. These findings showed that P-4 had no antigenicity in guinea pigs and mice.

[Immunologic and pharmacologic activity of atropine-protein conjugates]. / Immunologicheskaia i farmakologicheskaia aktivnost' belkovykh kon"iugatov atropina.

The immunological (production of specific antibodies to hapten) and pharmacological activity of bovine serum albumin conjugates with different chemical modifications of atropine was investigated. Mice and rabbits treated with atropine-protein conjugates (1-10 mg/kg) have produced a considerable number of specific serum antibodies to hapten during primary and secondary immune response. Mice treated with atropine-protein conjugates (25 and 50 mg/kg) have produced undetectable amounts of specific serum antibodies. The study of pharmacological activity in mice has revealed peripheral activity of atropine-protein conjugates. There was a correlation between the pharmacological activity of atropine-protein conjugates (25-50 mg/kg) and the activity of atropine (5 mg/kg), however the pharmacological effect of atropine-protein conjugates was somewhat longer. The results suggest that atropine-protein conjugates are both immunologically and pharmacologically active compounds.