RESUMO
Since the early 1980s, audiologists have become increasingly aware of the potential effect of even mild degrees of hearing loss on the psychoeducational and psychosocial outcomes of children. This review describes some of the key research findings during the past several decades that have led us to our current thinking about unilateral and mild bilateral hearing loss in children. The first section addresses unilateral hearing loss. This is followed by a review of the literature on mild bilateral hearing loss. Specifically, the issues addressed include the significance of permanent mild degrees of hearing loss on children's psychoeducational and psychosocial development and the speech, language, and auditory characteristics of children with mild degrees of hearing loss. Finally, some recommendations regarding the direction of future research are offered. This review is followed by 2 articles summarizing the proceedings of a 2005 workshop convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) program, and the Marion Downs Hearing Center to address concerns about the underidentification of-- and professionals' apparent lack of awareness of-- permanent unilateral and minimal to mild hearing loss in children.
Assuntos
Perda Auditiva Bilateral/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva Unilateral/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Linguagem/terapia , Deficiências da Aprendizagem/terapia , Distúrbios da Fala/terapia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Surtos de Doenças , Feminino , Perda Auditiva Bilateral/história , Perda Auditiva Bilateral/virologia , Perda Auditiva Unilateral/história , Perda Auditiva Unilateral/virologia , História do Século XX , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Transtornos da Linguagem/epidemiologia , Deficiências da Aprendizagem/epidemiologia , Masculino , Prevalência , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/complicações , Distúrbios da Fala/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Eng and Chang were conjoined twins who were born in Thailand and settled in the United States at the age of 18 years. Numerous surgeons in the United States and Europe examined them and almost all of them believed that an attempt at separation would be fatal. They married sisters and lived on a farm in North Carolina where they loved to hunt wild game. Both used shotguns placed on their right shoulders. At the age of 58 years, it was noted that Chang, who was located to the left of Eng, had a hearing loss in both ears and that Eng had a loss that was greater in the left ear. It is proposed that these hearing losses may have been caused by muzzle-blast injury from hunting and that only the right ear of Eng was privileged to experience the protective effect of head shadow.
