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1.
Arch Virol ; 169(6): 124, 2024 May 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38753064

RESUMO

Allamanda cathartica is an ornamental medicinal plant that grows widely in the tropics. In the present study, two novel viruses, Allamanda chlorotic virus A (AlCVA) and Allamanda chlorotic virus B (AlCVB), were identified in an A. cathartica plant with interveinal chlorosis by ribosomal RNA-depleted total-RNA sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons confirmed that AlCVA and AlCVB belong to the families Closteroviridae and Betaflexiviridae, respectively. Long, flexuous, filamentous virus particles approximately 12 nm in diameter and 784-2291 nm in length were observed using transmission electron microscopy. A specific RT-PCR assay was used to demonstrate a consistent association of viral infection with symptoms.


Assuntos
Closteroviridae , Flexiviridae , Filogenia , Doenças das Plantas , RNA Viral , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , China , RNA Viral/genética , Closteroviridae/genética , Closteroviridae/isolamento & purificação , Closteroviridae/classificação , Flexiviridae/genética , Flexiviridae/isolamento & purificação , Flexiviridae/classificação , Genoma Viral/genética , Plantas Medicinais/virologia
2.
Arch Virol ; 166(5): 1513-1515, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33686515

RESUMO

A novel virus was identified in aconite (Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.) in China by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and tentatively named "aconite virus A" (AcVA). The genomic RNA of AcVA consists of 8,844 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) at the 3' end. Analysis of the genomic organization of AcVA indicated that it possesses a genomic structure that is typical of carlaviruses and contains six putative open reading frames (ORFs). Pairwise analysis revealed that the replicase and coat protein of AcVA share the highest amino acid sequence identity (43.78% and 57.01%) with those of coleus vein necrosis virus (CVNV) and butterbur mosaic virus (ButMV), respectively. Based on the current classification criteria for carlaviruses, AcVA should be considered a distinct member of the genus Carlavirus.


Assuntos
Aconitum/virologia , Carlavirus/genética , Genoma Viral/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Carlavirus/classificação , China , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , RNA Viral/genética , Proteínas Virais/genética
3.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 13555, 2020 08 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32782359

RESUMO

Lithospermum erythrorhizon is a medicinal plant that produces shikonin, a red lipophilic naphthoquinone derivative that accumulates exclusively in roots. The biosynthetic steps required to complete the naphthalene ring of shikonin and its mechanism of secretion remain unclear. Multiple omics studies identified several candidate genes involved in shikonin production. The functions of these genes can be evaluated using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) systems, which have been shown advantageous in introducing iRNA genes into non-model plants. This study describes the development of a VIGS system using an apple latent spherical virus (ALSV) vector and a target gene, phytoene desaturase (LePDS1). Virus particles packaged in Nicotiana benthamiana were inoculated into L. erythrorhizon seedlings, yielding new leaves with albino phenotype but without disease symptoms. The levels of LePDS1 mRNAs were significantly lower in the albino plants than in mock control or escape plants. Virus-derived mRNA was detected in infected plants but not in escape and mock plants. Quantitative PCR and deep sequencing analysis indicated that transcription of another hypothetical PDS gene (LePDS2) also decreased in the defective leaves. Virus infection, however, had no effect on shikonin production. These results suggest that virus-based genetic transformation and the VIGS system silence target genes in soil-grown L. erythrorhizon.


Assuntos
Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Inativação Gênica , Lithospermum/genética , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Folhas de Planta/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/antagonistas & inibidores , Plantas Medicinais/genética , Secoviridae/genética , Lithospermum/virologia , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Folhas de Planta/virologia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Secoviridae/patogenicidade
4.
Arch Virol ; 160(12): 3127-31, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26350978

RESUMO

A total of nine contigs related to caulimovirus-like sequences were detected using high-throughput paired-end RNA sequencing. An attempt to find the plant sample infected with this type of virus identified the medicinal plant Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi showing mild mottle symptoms. Subsequently, the complete DNA genome sequence of the Atractylodes virus was determined. The 8,105-nt genome of the virus was composed of six open reading frames and displayed the highest nucleotide sequence identity (70%) with soybean Putnam virus. Based upon the symptoms observed on the source plant, we propose to refer to this new member of the genus Caulimovirus as atractylodes mild mottle virus.


Assuntos
Atractylodes/virologia , Caulimovirus/genética , Caulimovirus/isolamento & purificação , Genoma Viral , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Sequência de Bases , Caulimovirus/química , Caulimovirus/classificação , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Conformação de Ácido Nucleico , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , Proteínas Virais/genética
5.
Praxis (Bern 1994) ; 104(12): 635-7, 2015 Jun 03.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26098240

RESUMO

We report about a 44-year old patient with severe acute hepatitis E after herbage walking-to ur. Transmission occurred with ingestion of contaminated herbs. Symptoms were jaundice, dark urine, rheumatic pains and distinctive fatigue. We could document a benign self-limiting course under regular clinical controls. Hepatitis Eisa worldwide common cause for acute hepatitis with jaundice. In Switzerland contamination of this autochthonic infection is aquired by consumption of pork and venison (seroprevalence up to 22%). Infection can be without symptoms but also can result in acute liver failure. Extrahepatic symptoms are not uncommon.


Assuntos
Hepatite E/diagnóstico , Hepatite E/transmissão , Medicina Herbária , Passatempos , Icterícia/etiologia , Testes de Função Hepática , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Genótipo , Hepatite E/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite E/genética , Humanos , Icterícia/virologia , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
6.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 46(4): 607-616, Oct.-Dec. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-622860

RESUMO

The plant of the genus Pterodon (Fabaceae, Leguminosae), commonly known as 'sucupira' or 'faveira', are disseminated throughout the central region of Brazil and has frequently been used in popular medicine for its anti-rheumatic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. In recent years, interest in these plants has increased considerably. The biological effects of different phytoextracts and pure metabolites have been investigated in several experimental models in vivo and in vitro. The literature describes flavonoids, triterpene and steroids, while one paper presented studies with proteins isolated from the genus. This review provides an overview of phytochemical and pharmacological research in Pterodon, showing the main chemical compounds studied to date, and focusing on the relationship between these molecules and their biological activity. Furthermore, this study paves the way for more in-depth investigation, isolation and characterization of the molecules of this plant genus.


As plantas do gênero Pterodon (Fabaceae/Leguminosae), conhecidas popularmente como "sucupira branca" ou "faveira", encontram-se distribuídas pela região central do Brasil e são frequentemente utilizadas na medicina popular por suas propriedades antirreumáticas, analgésicas e antiinflamatórias. Nos últimos anos, o interesse por estas plantas tem aumentado consideravelmente. Os efeitos biológicos dos diferentes fitoextratos e metabólitos puros têm sido investigados em vários modelos experimentais in vivo e in vitro. A literatura descreve flavonóides, triterpenos, esteróides e apenas um trabalho mostra estudos com proteínas isoladas do gênero. Esta revisão apresenta de maneira geral as investigações farmacológicas e fitoquímicas de Pterodon, mostrando os principais compostos já estudados, sua composição química, focando na relação entre estas moléculas e sua atividade biológica. Mais ainda, nós abrimos as portas para maior investigação, isolamento e caracterização de moléculas deste gênero de plantas.


Assuntos
Etnofarmacologia , Fabaceae , Diterpenos/farmacologia , Isoflavonas/farmacologia , Isoflavonas/uso terapêutico , Fenômenos Químicos , Fitoterapia , Plantas Medicinais/parasitologia , Plantas Medicinais/toxicidade , Plantas Medicinais/virologia
7.
Mikrobiol Z ; 71(3): 55-61, 2009.
Artigo em Ucraniano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19938607

RESUMO

Monitoring of viral infection on medicinal plant plantations is carried out. Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Valeriana officinalis L., Plantago major L. with symptoms of viral infection were revealed. Viral nature of symptoms was proved with biotesting method. Morphology and sizes of virus particles, detected in Panax ginseng method. Morphology and sizes of virus particles, detected in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Valeriana officinalis L., Plantago major L., were determined with electron microscopy method. The paper is presented in Ukrainian.


Assuntos
Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Vírus de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Vírus de Plantas/patogenicidade , Vírus de Plantas/ultraestrutura , Plantas Medicinais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plantas Medicinais/ultraestrutura , Ucrânia
8.
Appl Environ Microbiol ; 75(12): 4155-61, 2009 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19395576

RESUMO

Several hepatitis A virus (HAV) and human norovirus (HuNoV) outbreaks due to consumption of contaminated berries and vegetables have recently been reported. Model experiments were performed to determine the effectiveness of freeze-drying, freeze-drying combined with heating, and steam blanching for inactivation of enteric viruses that might be present on the surface of berries and herbs. Inactivation of HAV and inactivation of feline calicivirus, a surrogate for HuNoV, were assessed by viral culturing and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), whereas HuNoV survival was determined only by quantitative RT-PCR. While freeze-drying barely reduced (<1.3 log(10) units) the amount of HAV RNA detected in frozen produce, a greater decline in HAV infectivity was observed. The resistance of HuNoV genogroup I (GI) to freeze-drying was significantly higher than that of HuNoV GII on berries. Addition of a terminal dry heat treatment at 120 degrees C after freeze-drying enhanced virus inactivation by at least 2 log(10) units, except for HuNoV GII. The results suggest that steam blanching at 95 degrees C for 2.5 min effectively inactivated infectious enteric viruses if they were present in herbs. Our results provide data for adjusting food processing technologies if viral contamination of raw materials is suspected.


Assuntos
Desinfecção/métodos , Frutas/virologia , Viabilidade Microbiana , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Inativação de Vírus , Calicivirus Felino/isolamento & purificação , Liofilização/métodos , Calefação/métodos , Vírus da Hepatite A/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Cultura de Vírus
9.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 32(8): 664-7, 2007 Apr.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17608213

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To study viruses infecting Pinellia ternata in China. METHOD: Symptom observation, DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR detection were applied. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: During a survey in early spring, SMV and CMV were both commonly distributed as main viruses infecting P. ternata collected from different areas in China. But DsMV was the virus which infected P. ternate in natural condition. The infection ratio of cultivated P. ternate by SMV and CMV were 71.4% and 14.3% respectively for 21 samples collected from Ningbo, Zhejiang province; 100% and 44.4% for 18 samples from Xiaoshan, Zhejiang province; 61.9% and 33.3% for 21 samples from Hebei province; 50.0% and 41.7% for 12 samples from Anhui province; 16.7% and 16.7% for 12 samples from Sichuan province; 31.3% and none for 16 samples from Beijing. And the infection ratio of 25 wild samples from different areas of China infected by SMV and CMV were both 20.0%.


Assuntos
Cucumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Vírus do Mosaico/isolamento & purificação , Pinellia/virologia , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , China , Análise por Conglomerados , Cucumovirus/genética , DNA Complementar/química , DNA Complementar/genética , Vírus do Mosaico/classificação , Vírus do Mosaico/genética , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA
10.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 30(5): 325-8, 2005 Mar.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15806960

RESUMO

In this paper we reviewed the development of tissue culture, current situations of virus-free plantlets industrialization and the way to deal with the situations, application prospects of Siraitia grosvenorii so as to give some advice for its further study and application.


Assuntos
Momordica/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plantas Medicinais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Técnicas de Cultura de Tecidos/métodos , Meios de Cultura , Momordica/virologia , Folhas de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Folhas de Planta/virologia , Caules de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Caules de Planta/virologia , Vírus de Plantas , Plantas Medicinais/virologia
11.
Arch Virol ; 150(1): 125-35, 2005 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15449140

RESUMO

Degenerate primers were used to detect and amplify 3'-terminal genome fragments of potyviruses from medicinal aroid plants growing at 16 sites in China. Virus was detected in 7 samples of which six, all of Pinellia ternata, contained a strain of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) similar to that previously reported from this host in China. The complete sequence of one isolate and the P1 protein coding region of the other isolates were also sequenced. In all cases, the P1 proteins resembled isolates of Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV) more closely than SMV, confirming earlier suggestions of recombination in this region. In a phylogenetic analysis of SMV, DsMV and related sequences, the aroid sequences of SMV formed a distinct group which also included a sequence published as Zantedeschia symptomless virus (AF469171). One of the P. ternata samples was also infected with a second potyvirus, the 3'-terminal sequence of which was similar to DsMV and to some sequences published as Vanilla mosaic virus. The seventh infected sample was Typhonium flagelliforme and the virus from it was identified from its sequence as zantedeschia mosaic virus (ZaMV), providing the first report of this virus from mainland China.


Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Potyvirus/classificação , Potyvirus/genética , China , Filogenia , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Potyvirus/isolamento & purificação , Potyvirus/metabolismo
12.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 29(6): 514-7, 2004 Jun.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15706911

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare and explore the physiological and biochemical index of virus-free seedling and common seedling of Chrysanthemum morifolium. METHOD: Leaves of virus-free seedling and common seedling were cut down and the contents of chlorophyll a and b, MDA, and the activity of SOD, POD, CAT, and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) were measured. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The contents of chlorophyll and Pn of virus-free seedling were higher than those of common seedling. But were measured, the contents of MDA and the activity of SOD, POD, CAT related to the physiological resistance were lower than the latter. These could explain the phenomenon of virus-free seedling grow better than the common seedling under the same condition.


Assuntos
Clorofila/análise , Chrysanthemum , Fotossíntese , Plantas Medicinais , Catalase/análise , Chrysanthemum/metabolismo , Chrysanthemum/fisiologia , Chrysanthemum/virologia , Malondialdeído/análise , Peroxidase/análise , Folhas de Planta/química , Folhas de Planta/fisiologia , Vírus de Plantas/patogenicidade , Plantas Medicinais/metabolismo , Plantas Medicinais/fisiologia , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Plântula/química , Plântula/fisiologia , Superóxido Dismutase/análise
13.
Zhong Yao Cai ; 26(7): 471-4, 2003 Jul.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14650056

RESUMO

The diseases on the Dendrobium plants and their occurrence and damage as well as control methods have been investigated and studied. 11 kinds of fungi, 4 kinds of bacteria, 3 kinds of virus and one root-knot nematode were recorded. To control them effectively, cultural methods such as selecting cultivable field, keeping the field sanitation, enhancing cultural operations are mostly recommended. The application of chemical germicides is also stressed.


Assuntos
Dendrobium , Doenças das Plantas , Plantas Medicinais , Animais , Dendrobium/microbiologia , Dendrobium/parasitologia , Dendrobium/virologia , Fusarium/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus do Mosaico/efeitos dos fármacos , Controle de Pragas , Praguicidas/farmacologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/parasitologia , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Plantas Medicinais/microbiologia , Plantas Medicinais/parasitologia , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Pseudomonas/efeitos dos fármacos , Pythium/efeitos dos fármacos , Tylenchoidea/efeitos dos fármacos
14.
Zhong Yao Cai ; 25(6): 383-5, 2002 Jun.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12583327

RESUMO

The stem tip from germ-free stem segment of Rehmannia glutinosa cultured in test tube can be induced into virus-free seedling. The experiment showed that the proper disinfectant for stem segments of Rehmannia glutinosa was 0.05% HgCl2. The seedings from stem segments grew better with MS in the concentration of agar 0.7% and pH7. The stem tips could be directly induced to seedlings by using MS + 6-BA(0.05 mg/L). The MS media for seedlings virus-free culture are 1/4 macro-elements + 1/2 micro-elements and using edible sugar instead of sucrose, so the cost of media could be decreased to 48.7%.


Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Rehmannia/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Técnicas de Cultura , Desinfetantes/farmacologia , Cloreto de Mercúrio/farmacologia , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Vírus de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Rehmannia/virologia , Plântula/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plântula/virologia
15.
Acta Virol ; 41(6): 341-4, 1997 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9607094

RESUMO

The susceptibility of peach GF 305 seedlings and herbaceous plants to five plum pox virus (PPV) isolates from orchards of western Slovakia was investigated. PPV was isolated from diseased plum, apricot and peach trees, and transmitted by chip-budding to peach GF 305. The herbaceous plants were infected by mechanical inoculation. The transmission was analysed by symptomatology and double sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Infected peaches developed leaf distortion, tissue clearing along the veins and small chlorotic spots (isolate BOR-3). With exception of BOR-3, the PPV isolates transmitted from peach caused local chlorotic spots on Chenopodium foetidum. The character of symptoms changed when a sap from PPV-infected Nicotiana benthamiana was used as virus inoculum. From N. benthamiana, the PPV isolates could be transmitted to Pisum sativum, cv. Colmo (light green mosaic), N. clevelandii and N. clevelandii x N. glutinosa hybrid (latent infection or chlorotic spots).


Assuntos
Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Vírus Eruptivo da Ameixa/patogenicidade , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Plantas/virologia , Plantas Medicinais/virologia , Plantas Tóxicas , Vírus Eruptivo da Ameixa/isolamento & purificação , Rosales/virologia , Nicotiana/virologia
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