RESUMO
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Refractive surgery procedures have been performed on children since the early 1980s. This article will review this history as well as current thoughts on treating children with large refractive errors. RECENT FINDINGS: Pediatric refractive surgery has developed slowly as very few children fit the criteria for treatment. For this reason, practice patterns are varied and publications are rare. Publications in recent years have focused on intraocular procedures over laser refractive surgery. SUMMARY: Pediatric refractive surgery is an evolving field as surgeons try to find the best long-term treatments for these young patients.
Assuntos
Erros de Refração/terapia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/métodos , Criança , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Padrões de Prática Médica , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/históriaRESUMO
Various materials have been placed in the corneal stroma to modify a spherical refractive error (usually hyperopic). As the surgical procedures evolved to simplify the insertion process so has the quality and biocompatibility of the implanted materials. Failures have been due to excessive inlay dimensions, bioincompatibility of the materials used, poor choice of test model, or combinations of the above. We present a thorough analysis of the history of the intracorneal inlay and the materials and techniques used up to and including the current materials and techniques available for the correction of spherical refractive errors.
Assuntos
Substância Própria/cirurgia , Próteses e Implantes , Implantação de Prótese/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/métodos , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Hidrogéis/uso terapêutico , Modelos Animais , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Refração Ocular , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/história , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Acuidade VisualRESUMO
In this 2-part overview, the current status of phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) surgery to correct refractive errors is reviewed. Three types of pIOLs, categorized by their intraocular position, are included: angle-supported anterior chamber, iris-fixated anterior chamber, and posterior chamber (usually fixated in the ciliary sulcus). Part 1 reviews the main models of each pIOL type, the selection criteria, and the surgical techniques, with emphasis on currently available pIOLs. Bioptics, adjustable refractive surgery, and enhancements are addressed, and applications of the new anterior segment imaging techniques are reviewed.
Assuntos
Implante de Lente Intraocular , Lentes Intraoculares Fácicas , Erros de Refração/terapia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos , Resinas Acrílicas , Câmara Anterior/cirurgia , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Implante de Lente Intraocular/história , Implante de Lente Intraocular/métodos , Polimetil Metacrilato , Segmento Posterior do Olho/cirurgia , Desenho de Prótese , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/métodosRESUMO
The history of laser refractive surgery is reviewed, followed by an overview of the current state of the field as well as a look at promising future developments.
Assuntos
Terapia a Laser/métodos , Terapia a Laser/tendências , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/tendências , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Terapia a Laser/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Refrativos/históriaRESUMO
Many advances have been made in laser refractive surgery, and this review examines how they have affected treatment outcomes in individuals with varying degrees of myopia (law, moderate, and high). Studies with a minimum follow-up of 1 year with at least 2 of the 3 major outcome measures--efficacy, stability, and safety--were reviewed, and how the findings were affected by differences in ethnicity was assessed.
