RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: This review explores UK-based research developments in substance misuse and mental illness over the last 25 years. The main body of work comprises policy-orientated projects funded by the Department of Health from the late 1990s. Early research tended to focus on alcohol, especially alcoholic hallucinosis: the relationship of the latter with schizophrenia-like illness was examined, with the finding that very few cases did develop into schizophrenia. METHOD AND IMPLICATIONS: Parallels are drawn with the current debate around the link between cannabis and psychosis, urging caution in too rapid an assertion that cannabis is necessarily 'causal'. The clinical and policy implications of the misinterpretation of evidence are discussed. A proposal is put forward that the genesis of psychotic illness in alcohol misuse be revisited using more sophisticated research methodologies. Given the changing landscape of substance use in the UK, particularly the fashion of polysubstance use and the recognition that this is associated with psychotic illness, other drugs that are associated with psychotic illness should be similarly investigated to determine whether there is a common mechanism that might throw light on understanding the relationship between substance use and psychotic illness or schizophrenia.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo/história , Política de Saúde/história , Psicoses Alcoólicas/história , Psicoses Induzidas por Substâncias/história , Transtornos Psicóticos/história , Medicina Estatal/história , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/história , Comorbidade , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Reino UnidoAssuntos
Neuropatia Alcoólica/história , Hospitais Psiquiátricos/história , Psicoses Alcoólicas/história , Neuropatia Alcoólica/complicações , Neuropatia Alcoólica/terapia , Aniversários e Eventos Especiais , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Psicoses Alcoólicas/complicações , Psicoses Alcoólicas/terapia , Federação RussaRESUMO
Las tendencias históricas de la investigación del problema, muestran que ha sido abordado desde dos perspectivas diferentes: una mecanicista, representada por Wernicke, Bonhoeffe y Kraepelin y otra dinámica inspirada en Bleuler. Las evidencias disponibles sugieren que es posible acercar, semiológica y experimentalmente, la alucinosis a las psicosis de base orgánica. Sin embargo, una mejor comprensión del cuadro requiere considerar los factores sicológicos y socioculturales, que no sólo serían elementos patoplásticos. Finalmente, se señalan los problemas epistemológicos en la investigación, que surgen de los modelos utilizados en la conceptualización del cuadro. Se realiza una crítica de ambos, desde el programa de una psicopatología contemporánea, resaltando el rol de la libertad y el concepto de "encuentro", elementos ausentes en los modelos clásicos
