Quemaduras graves relacionadas con la terapia inhalatoria con vahos / Severe burns related to steam inhalation therapy

INTRODUCCIÓN: Todavía se emplean vahos con agua caliente como tratamiento de procesos respiratorios banales, a pesar del riesgo de ocasionar quemaduras y de no haberse demostrado su efectividad. OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar los casos de quemaduras relacionadas con vahos (QRV) en una población de niños quemados con el objeto de formular criterios para su prevención. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Revisión de pacientes ingresados por QRV en una unidad de quemados durante el periodo 2006-2012. Se analizó: epidemiología, clínica, gravedad y evolución. RESULTADOS: Ingresaron 530 pacientes quemados; 375 (70%) con escaldaduras y 15 con QRV (2,8% del total; 4% de las escaldaduras). Los vahos fueron indicados mayoritariamente para tratar episodios catarrales banales. La edad mediana fue 7 años (2,5 meses-14 anos). La superficie corporal quemada (SCQ) fue ≥ 10% en el 60% de los casos (SCQ máxima 22%). Las quemaduras afectaron al tronco, a los genitales y a las extremidades y solo en un caso afectó a la cara. La estancia media hospitalaria fue de 14 días (3-30 d). Cinco niños (33%) ingresaron en la UCIP, la mayoría (60%) menores de 3 años. Ocho casos (53%) requirieron intervención quirúrgica (injerto de piel). Un paciente de 12 años fue diagnosticado de tos ferina y otro de 2,5 años presentó un shock tóxico estafilocócico. No hubo fallecimientos. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron satisfactoriamente. CONCLUSIONES: Las QRV pueden ser graves y consumir importantes recursos. Los profesionales de la atención al niño, particularmente los pediatras, deben velar por su prevención, absteniéndose de indicar los vahos como tratamiento y educando a los padres para que no los utilicen por sí mismos

INTRODUCTION: Despite lack of proven effectiveness and its potential to cause severe burns, steam inhalation therapy (SIT) is still used as a treatment for benign respiratory conditions. OBJECTIVE: To characterize cases of burns related to steam inhalation therapy (BRSIT) in order to formulate appropriate preventive criteria. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A review was conducted on cases of BRSIT admitted to a Burns Unit between 2006 and 2012, analysing epidemiological data, clinical aspects, severity and course. RESULTS: A total of 530 patients were admitted; 375 (70%) with scalds, and 15 with BRSIT (2.8% of burns; 4% of scalds). SIT was indicated in most cases for mild upper airway infections. The median age of patients was 7 years (2.5 m-14 y). The burned area (BA) was ≥ 10% in 60% of cases (max. BA 22%). Injuries involved trunk, genital area, and extremities; only in one case was the face affected. The mean hospital length-of-stay was 14 days (3-30d). Five patients (33%) were admitted to the PICU, most of them (60%) younger than 3 years. Eight patients (53%) underwent surgical treatment (skin grafting). In a 12-year-old patient whooping cough was diagnosed in the Burns Unit, and a 2.5-year-old patient developed staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. No patient died. The final course was satisfactory in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: BRSIT can be severe and cause significant use of health resources. Professionals caring for children, particularly paediatricians, should seriously consider their prevention, avoiding treatments with SIT, and educating parents in order not to use it on their own

Airway fire during double-lung transplantation.

Airway fire is a well-documented event during airway surgery with devastating outcomes. Individuals involved in the care of these patients should be aware of this possible complication and precautions needed to prevent this complication.

The U.S. experience with smoke detectors: who has them? How well do they work? When don't they work?

From 1975 to 1984, the United States experienced remarkable growth in the use of home smoke detectors, making the home smoke detector the fire safety success story of the decade. As of 1993, only 1 home in 12 remained unprotected.

Catastrophic fire deaths: the numbers are back up.

The number of catastrophic multiple-death fires in the United States rose in 1993 from the record low of 1992 to a level more consistent with that of recent years. Despite our efforts to highlight risk factors, we continue to see the same problems year after year.

Pulmonary function in firefighters: a six-year follow-up in the Boston Fire Department.

Tests of ventilatory capacity, objective cough, and standardized respiratory questionnaires were used in a prospective study to measure the effect of firefighting on pulmonary function in a cohort of 951 white Boston firefighters between 1970-1976. During the six years of follow-up, the mean annual decrements in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were 36 and 29 ml per year, respectively. At the end of the study in 1976, the mean FEV1 for this group was 98.3% of the level predicted for healthy nonsmoking adults, while the FVC was 97.8%. Current cigarette smoking was associated with an increased prevalence of bronchitis, a loose cough, reduced levels of FEV1 and FVC, and increased longitudinal changes in FEV1 and FVC. The longitudinal changes and current levels of FEV1 and FVC were not correlated with any index of firefighting exposure in active firefighters. Increased use of protective respiratory apparatus and previously described selection effects within the Boston Fire Department appear to be protecting this group of firefighters from long-term effects of smoke exposure as measured by these techniques.