Actividad antitumoral de una mezcla de polisacáridos obtenida de la especie Argemone mexicana L / Antitumoral activity of a mixture of polysaccharides obtained from Argemone mexicana L. species

En la actualidad, las plantas constituyen la principal fuente de obtención de la mayoría de los fármacos que pueden ser útiles para el tratamiento del cáncer. Se realizó la extracción de una mezcla de polisacáridos a partir de hojas de la planta Argemone mexicana L., conocida como Cardo Santo, colectada en el período de floración. Se empleó el método de incorporación de Timidina tritiada para determinar el efecto de la mezcla sobre la proliferación celular en líneas celulares humanas (H125 y U1906). La actividad antitumoral de este crudo de polisacáridos, administrado solo o combinado con 2 citóstaticos conocidos, se evaluó en ratones inoculados con células tumorales de Leucemia Linfocítica P-388 y Sarcoma 37 y su actividad antitumoral indirecta se valoró en el tumor ascítico de Ehrlich. En todos los casos se calculó el aumento del tiempo de sobrevida respecto al patrón de comparación positivo o negativo. La mezcla de polisacáridos provocó rechazo a la implantación del tumor de Ehrlich y su administración conjunta con el citóstatico 5 Fluoracilo produjo un incremento moderado de la actividad antitumoral en los ratones portadores del tumor Sarcoma 37. Estos resultados pudieran estar relacionados con el posible efecto estimulador de esta mezcla sobre el sistema inmune de los animales con tumor. Es necesario estudiar el efecto sobre el sistema inmune de la mezcla de polisacáridos obtenidos de la especie A. mexicana y la efectividad de su combinación con otros citostáticos, para determinar su posible uso como adyuvante de la quimioterapia para el tratamiento del cáncer(AU)

The effect of a bacterial vaccine on tumors and the immune response of ICR/Ha mice.

This study examined the effect of mixed bacterial vaccine (MBV), a biological response modifier prepared from Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marcescens, on the immune system of mice and on the regression of a transplantable mouse tumor sarcoma 37. The study examined MBV's biological properties and analyzed its chemical composition. The chemical composition varied with the growth media. A typical centrifuged, dialyzed supernate of the serum-containing preparation was found to consist mainly of protein and minimal amounts of carbohydrate and endotoxin, while MBV made with synthetic medium contained similar amounts of all three. MBV was nontoxic for mice, which gained weight following the injection of 0.5-1.0 ml of MBV. MBV caused regression of 20-100% of well-established mouse tumors without appreciable toxicity. MBV also had a striking effect on the immune response of mice to sheep red blood cells. When administered simultaneously with antigen injection, MBV increased the number of antibody-secreting splenocytes measured by the plaque-forming assay threefold. Serum antibody levels also increased two- to threefold. MBV did not enhance the immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharide type III, a B-cell-dependent response. However, the in vivo administration of MBV increased the in vitro response to MBV and the B-cell mitogen lipopolysaccharide. MBV compares favorably with other biological response modifiers because of its enhancing effect on the immune response and its oncolytic properties at nontoxic levels.

[Combined effect of interferon inducers, radiosensitizing and antineoplastic agents on solid tumors]. / Sovmestnoe deistvie induktorov sinteza interferona, radiosensibiliziruiushchikh i protivoopukholevykh agentov na solidnye opukholi.

In experiments with mice bearing solid sarcoma 37 a study was conducted on the combined effect of radiation and inductors of endogenous interferon synthesis (IEIS), together with hyperthermia or together with an alkylating and carbomoilating agent, dimethinur. The effect was estimated by the tumor growth coefficient and by the number of animals with the regressed tumors. Po I. polyC was not shown to influence the efficiency of hyperthermia combined with radiation; dextransulphate and tiloron increased the radiosensitizing effect of hyperthermia. Dimethinur aggravated the effect of radiation, but with IEIS used together with dimethynur and radiation, the response of the tumor increased insignificantly as compared to the effect of IEIS together with radiation.

[Effect of combined exposure to an interferon inducer, irradiation and 5-fluorouracil on sarcoma 37 in mice]. / Effekt kombinirovannogo vozdeistviia induktora interferona, oblucheniia i 5-ftoruratsila na sarkomu 37 myshei.

Oral administration of a liposome-encapsulated agent triggering the synthesis of interferon--poly(I) poly (C)--to mice bearing solid sarcoma 37 was followed by (a) production of an interferon which circulates for a longer period after preliminary administration of "empty" liposomes; (b) lengthening of the period of tumor latency; in some cases tumor failed to appear at all; (c) higher efficacy of radiation treatment which was manifested by a higher inhibition of tumor growth or complete regression; (d) increased antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil, and (e) suppression of proliferative activity of tumor.

Survival of pleomorphic sarcoma-37 transplanted virgin female DBA/2J mice: hyperthermia and hyperglycemia, alone and in combination with drugs.

Sarcoma-37 (S-37) transplanted DBA/2J mice were submitted to a controlled whole body hyperglycemic-hyperthermic ("double attack") treatment. A single exposure to the 3-hr 400-500-mg% blood glucose level coupled with 1 hr of whole body 40.0 degrees warming was safe and extended longevity by 40% over the nontreated controls. This increase suggests that additive or potentiated effects follow the two-parameter procedure. The treatment safety and resultant increased longevity were not enhanced by single-dose chemotherapy with doxorubicin and/or dacarbazine.

Survival of pleomorphic sarcoma-37 transplanted virgin female DBA/2J mice: effects produced by high blood glucose levels alone and in combination with drugs.

Procedures for producing, monitoring, and maintaining 3-hr 400-500-mg% whole blood glucose levels in Sarcoma-37 (S-37) transplanted virgin female inbred DBA/2J mice are described. Aqueous infused 40% (w/v) dextrose was evaluated as a potential therapeutic factor. The effects of procedural variations on treatment survival and longevity are discussed. One hundred percent infusion safety and 25% increased longevity over nontreated transplanted mice were achieved. Doxorubicin and/or dacarbazine were also evaluated when administered prior to the dextrose infusion. Doxorubicin followed by intravenous dextrose increased survivor longevity by 37%, but this combination was unsafe at the drug dosages employed. A large dose of dacarbazine was safe and effective alone but unsafe when given prior to the infusion, although the survivors lived 29% longer than the untreated transplanted controls. Both drugs were marginally effective, but safe, when given together. When given together prior to the infusion, only 87% survived the treatment. The survivors lived 6 days longer than the controls.