Ubiquitination and SUMOylation of Amyloid and Amyloid-like Proteins in Health and Disease.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play important roles in altering the structure and function of proteins. In this article, we focus on ubiquitination and SUMOylation of amyloidogenic proteins. We discuss the functional contributions of PTMs on proteins involved in amyloid-related diseases as well as the aberrant PTM signatures of the disease agents. In addition, we extend our discussion to the nascent field of functional amyloids, a subclass of amyloids that perform physiological functions. Here, we present examples from mammals and yeast to gain insight into physiological regulation of amyloid-like proteins.