Eruptive syringomas: Summary of ninety cases and a brief literature review.

BACKGROUND: Eruptive syringomas is a rare variant of syringoma, which is a benign adenoma differentiated from the terminal ducts of the eccrine glands. Nowadays, it's widely valued because of obvious skin lesions, large scope of influence, and high misdiagnosis rate. OBJECTIVES: We aim to explore the clinical features of eruptive syringomas and the current research progress. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We firstly summarized the clinical features of 90 cases of eruptive syringomas. Then, the chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between the onset site of eruptive syringomas and age, as well as gender. Finally, we briefly reviewed the previous literature. RESULTS: During 12 years, 90 cases of eruptive syringomas were diagnosed in our hospital, including 28 males (31.1%) and 62 females (68.9%). The average diagnosed age was 28.8. Patients from 20 to 40 years old is 63 (70%), which is the most. 60 (66.7%) patients had the course for more than 1 year. Among onset sites, the neck, chest, and abdomen were in the top three. The chi-square test showed that there were no significant differences in the onset sites of patients aged ≤ 20 and >20 years old (p-value = 0.181), as well as male and female (p-value = 0.363). CONCLUSION: We found that more female than male was affected, and the most common onset sites were the neck, chest, and abdomen. Neither age nor gender was significantly associated with onset site distribution. Our study provides some data support for the research of eruptive syringomas.

Efficacy and safety of lasers in treating syringomas: a review of the literature.

Syringomas are benign adnexal neoplasms that may induce psychological stress when they are large or disfiguring or present in delicate regions such as the periorbital area. Despite the availability of various lasers for syringomas, no consensus has been established on the optimal laser setting and side effects of these therapies. The current review aims at understanding the efficacy and safety of various laser therapies available for the treatment of syringomas. A literature search was carried out using PubMed and Ovid databases for articles published from Jan 2000 through Mar 2022. Screening the eligible articles yielded 27 studies, comprising clinical studies, case series, and case reports, which were included in this review. The CO2 laser is the most widely used ablative laser therapy but is usually associated with adverse events. Pinhole and multiple drilling methods using CO2 laser yielded excellent cosmetic results with minimal adverse effects. Fractional lasers reduced the downtime and complications compared to non-fractionated ones. Non-ablative fractional lasers could be advantageous in terms of easy operation, minimal side effects and moderate recovery period compared with ablative lasers. Large clinical trials are needed to generate strong evidence to guide clinicians in choosing the most appropriate laser therapy for syringoma treatment.

Evaluation and management of the patient with multiple syringomas: A systematic review of the literature.

Syringomas are benign adnexal tumors with distinct histopathologic features, including the characteristic comma ("tadpole") shaped tail comprised of dilated, cystic eccrine ducts. Clinically, syringomas typically present in adolescent females predominantly in the periorbital region. They may present as solitary or multiple lesions, and more rare sites of involvement include the genitals, palms, scalp, and the chest. Over the past 50 years, there have been >800 reported cases of syringoma either alone or in conjunction with a systemic syndrome, most commonly Down syndrome. The primary aim of this systematic review is to discuss the clinical features and associations of syringomas with a focus on the patient with multiple syringomas. Its secondary aims are to explore pathophysiology with a focus on multiple syringomas and provide comprehensive data on both traditional and novel treatments. Importantly, multiple syringomas present across a broad clinical spectrum. Though noted in many textbooks to be related to tumor syndromes, the association of syringomas with inherited tumor syndromes is only rarely reported in the literature. Despite multiple reported cases of syringoma, the pathophysiology remains poorly understood and treatment continues to pose a significant challenge.

A case report of postpubertal eruptive syringoma triggered with antiepileptic drugs.

Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant of syringoma, which typically occurs in large numbers as multiple yellow-brown colored papules. It usually presents before or during puberty. The pathogenesis of eruptive syringoma is unclear. It could represent a hyperplastic response of the eccrine ducts to an inflammatory reaction caused by an unknown trigger. The association between drugs and eruptive syringoma has not been reported in the literature until now. A 34-year-old woman with multiple asymptomatic papular eruptions of nine years' duration visited the authors' outpatient clinic. She had been using antiepileptic drugs for epilepsy for 10 years. Dermatological examination revealed multiple skin-colored to brownish papules, 1-3 mm in diameter, on the trunk and neck. Skin biopsy was performed from a lesion on the neck. According to clinical and histopathological findings, the patient was diagnosed as having eruptive syringoma. This case is very interesting, because the patient had been using antiepileptic drugs for a long time and the onset of her lesions was in postpubertal period. The authors' hypothesize that her lesions occured due to antiepileptics which may be a trigger of syringomatous proliferation. The authors conclude that drugs, especially antiepileptics, should be kept in mind in reference to the etiology of eruptive syringomas.

Siringomas múltiples localizados: a propósito de un caso / Syringoma multiple locales: a report of a case

Los siringomas son tumores anexiales benignos que derivan del conducto sudoríparo ecrino. Suelen presentarse luego de la pubertad, con mayor incidencia en el sexo femenino. Se manifiestan clínicamente como pápulas rosadas pequeñas, localizadas en cara, cuello y región del escote. Las mismas son asintomáticas, aunque ciertos pacientes pueden referir prurito. La anatomía patológica de la lesión se caracteriza por proliferaciones epiteliales de dos líneas de células y, según el plano de corte, se puede observar la clásica imagen “en cola de renacuajo”. Existen numerosas alternativas terapéuticas para su tratamiento, si bien ninguna de ellas es totalmente satisfactoria. Presentamos el caso de una paciente adolescente, evaluada en nuestro servicio, con siringomas múltiples localizados.

Syringomas are benign adnexal tumors derived from eccrine duct. They occur predominantly after puberty with higher incidence in females. Clinically, they present as small rose-colored papules usually localized on the face, neck and upper aspect of chest. The lesions are generally asymptomatic, although some patients may complain of pruritus. Histopathology it is characterized by epithelial proliferation of two cell layers and, depending upon the plane of section, the classic tadpole appearance may be observed. Numerous treatment options exist, none of which are totally satisfactory. We report a case of a female adolescent with multiple localized syringomas that was seen in our Dermatology department.

Siringomas vulvares: una causa infrecuente de prurito vulvar / Vulvar syringoma: a rare cause of vulvar pruritus

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Eruptive syringoma developed over a waxing skin area.

Syringomas are benign, eccrine, sweat gland tumors that clinically appear as small skin-colored or yellow papules. Eruptive syringomas are rare variants that typically develop on the body's cutaneous anterior surface. Syringomas on the genital area have rarely been reported, although several authors maintain that syringoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pubic pruritic papular dermatitis. We present a case of a 31-year-old man with multiple, eruptive, asymptomatic papules involving the pubic area developed after waxing of the zone. Histological examination revealed disseminated syringomata. We postulate that the lesions were induced by depilation with a subsequently reactive inflammatory process resulting in a hyperplastic reaction of the eccrine ducts. This case supports the previous hypothesis suggesting that some of the so-called "eruptive syringomas" may start as a primary inflammatory eccrine reaction.

Syringoma-like eccrine sweat duct proliferation induced by radiation.

We report a 45-year-old woman with breast cancer who had undergone surgery and radiation and anti-estrogen therapy and presented with many reddish papules in the irradiated breast area. Skin biopsy of the affected area disclosed proliferation of eccrine sweat ducts and cystic structures; the clinical and histopathological features were consistent with syringoma-like eccrine sweat duct proliferation. The lesions spread rapidly on her chest during radiation therapy and regressed spontaneously 3 weeks after its completion. We postulate that the lesions were induced by radiation, and promoted by anti-estrogen therapy.

Progesterone receptor-positive eruptive syringoma associated with diabetes.

Syringoma is a benign eccrine tumor that generally forms asymptomatic papules on facial skin. Eruptive forms of the tumor are uncommon and of uncertain cause. We report a case in which eruptive syringoma with clear cell morphology was found to express progesterone receptors, suggesting the possibility of hormonal control of the tumor.

Siringomas eruptivos en mujer adulta / Eruptive syringomas in an adult woman

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 38 años con siringomas eruptivos en el cuello y la pared anterosuperior del tórax, asintomáticos y aparecidos en brotes sucesivos en el curso de los dos últimos años. Se realizó biopsia de dos de las lesiones. El estudio histopatológico mostró un crecimiento glandular en la dermis papilar y reticular, con túbulos bilaminados, algunos de ellos dilatados y otros con forma de "coma", sin invasión de la hipodermis, signos de anaplasia ni cordones en fila india. Llevamos a cabo estudios inmunohistoquímicos frente a receptores de estrógeno y progesterona, que dieron resultados negativos. También se realizó estudio inmunohistoquímico frente a CEA y EMA. Éste último reveló el patrón típico de tínción de la lesión (luminal para CEA, capa perfórica para EMA). Nos encontramos ante un caso infrecuente tanto por la edad de presentación, como por la ausencia de expresión de receptores hormonales (AU)