Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 354
Filtrar
1.
Sci Total Environ ; 942: 173626, 2024 Sep 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38844229

RESUMO

Organic farming is considered the most sustainable form of modern soil cultivation. Yet it often relies on the use of chemical compounds that are not necessarily harmless for the surrounding wildlife. In this study, we tested the effects of realistic concentrations of copper sulphate-largely used in organic farming as a fungicide-on ecologically-relevant traits of the walking stick insect Bacillus rossius, a species commonly found in the proximity of cultivated fields across Europe. By using second-generation progeny of wild-caught parthenogenetic females bred in common gardens, we measured the impact of copper sulphate (CuSO4) on both the life-history (body condition, number of eggs, and hatching success) and behavioural traits (activity and maximum vertical speed) of the individuals. We observed strong negative effects of high, realistic concentrations of copper sulphate on most traits within 12 days of exposure, while effects were less evident at lower concentrations of the pollutant. Our results reveal that realistic concentrations of copper sulphate can compromise important traits that regulate both the survival and reproduction of animals in the wild, with such effects that are, however, dose dependent. We suggest that common practices in organic farming require further consideration on their ecological and evolutionary impact on wildlife.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre , Agricultura Orgânica , Animais , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Feminino , Poluentes do Solo/toxicidade , Fungicidas Industriais/toxicidade , Insetos/efeitos dos fármacos , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Reprodução/efeitos dos fármacos , Neópteros/fisiologia , Neópteros/efeitos dos fármacos
2.
Environ Pollut ; 352: 124145, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38735462

RESUMO

Copper is an essential trace element, and excessive exposure could result in hepatoxicity, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The present study is aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of copper sulfate (CuSO4) exposure-induced hepatoxicity both in vivo and in vitro. In vitro, HepG2 and L02 cells were exposed to various doses of CuSO4 for 24 h. Cell viability, ROS production, oxidative stress biomarkers, mitochondrial functions, ultrastructure, intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration, and the expression of proteins related to mitochondrial apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were assessed. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice were treated with CuSO4 at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg BW/day and co-treated with 4-PBA at 100 mg/kg BW/day for 35 days. Subsequently, liver function, histopathological features, and protein expression were evaluated. Results found that exposure to CuSO4 at concentrations of 100-400 µM for 24 h significantly decreased the viabilities of HepG2 and L02 cells and it was in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, CuSO4 exposure induced significant oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in HepG2 cells, which were partially ameliorated by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Furthermore, CuSO4 exposure prominently triggered ER stress, as evidenced by the upregulation of GRP94, GRP78, phosphorylated forms of PERK and eIF2α, and CHOP proteins in livers of mice and HepG2 cells. NAC treatment significantly inhibited CuSO4 exposure -induced ER stress in HepG2 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of ER stress through co-treatment with 4-PBA and the PERK inhibitor GSK2606414, as well as genetic knockdown of ATF4, partially mitigated CuSO4-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Moreover, 4-PBA treatment significantly attenuated CuSO4-induced caspase activation and hepatoxicity in mice. In conclusion, these results reveal that CuSO4-induced hepatotoxicity involves mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress by activating oxidative stress induction and PERK/ATF4 pathway.


Assuntos
Fator 4 Ativador da Transcrição , Chaperona BiP do Retículo Endoplasmático , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Mitocôndrias , Estresse Oxidativo , eIF-2 Quinase , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Camundongos , Fator 4 Ativador da Transcrição/metabolismo , Fator 4 Ativador da Transcrição/genética , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Células Hep G2 , eIF-2 Quinase/metabolismo , eIF-2 Quinase/genética , Cobre/toxicidade , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/metabolismo , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Masculino , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos
3.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38518983

RESUMO

Copper (Cu2+) is a biologically essential element that participates in numerous physiological processes. However, elevated concentrations of copper have been associated with cellular oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Organo­selenium compounds such as diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) have in vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties. Hence, we hypothesized that DPDS may modulate the toxicity of Cu2+ in Drosophila melanogaster. The acute effects (4 days of exposure) caused by a high concentration of Cu2+ (3 mM) were studied using endpoints of toxicity such as survival and behavior in D. melanogaster. The potential protective effect of low concentration of DPDS (20 µM) against Cu2+ was also investigated. Adult flies aged 1-5 days post-eclosion (both sexes) were divided into four groups: Control, DPDS (20 µM), CuSO4 (3 mM), and the combined exposure of DPDS (20 µM) and CuSO4 (3 mM). Survival, biochemical, and behavioral parameters were determined. Co-exposure of DPDS and CuSO4 increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS as determined by DFCH oxidation). Contrary to our expectation, the co-exposure reduced survival, body weight, locomotion, catalase activity, and cell viability in relation to control group. Taken together, DPDS potentiated the Cu2+ toxicity.


Assuntos
Comportamento Animal , Derivados de Benzeno , Drosophila melanogaster , Compostos Organosselênicos , Estresse Oxidativo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Animais , Derivados de Benzeno/toxicidade , Derivados de Benzeno/farmacologia , Drosophila melanogaster/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos Organosselênicos/farmacologia , Compostos Organosselênicos/toxicidade , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Cobre/toxicidade , Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismo , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Locomoção/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos
4.
Toxicol In Vitro ; 95: 105766, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38104743

RESUMO

Considering the wide application of nanoparticles in various fields of life and growing concern regarding their toxic effects, the present study was designed with the aim to evaluate the potential risks of using copper sulfate nanoparticles (CuSO4-NPs) in comparison to bulk form. Nanoparticles of CuSO4, having mean size of 73 nm were prepared by ball milling method, and fingerlings of Labeo rohita were exposed to two levels, 20 and 100 µg L-1 of CuSO4 in both bulk and nano forms for 28 days and their comparative effects on the metallothioneins (MTs), heat shock proteins 70 (HSP 70), lipid profile, cholesterol (CHOL) and triglyceraldehyde (TG) levels, activities of some metabolic enzymes Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST) Akaline phosphatase (ALP), and genes expressions of HSP-70, TNF-α and IL1-ß were investigated. CuSO4 showed the concentration and particle type dependent effects. The over expression of HSPs and MTs, significant decreases in CHOL, TG, low density lipid (LDL) levels and ALP activity, while significant increases in high density lipid (HDL)level as well as ALT and AST activities and HSP-70, TNF-α and IL1-ß expressions were observed in response to higher concentration of both bulk and nano form of copper sulfate. At lower concentration (20 µg L-1), however, only bulk form showed toxicity. Thus, low concentrations of CuSO4-NPs pose negligible threat to freshwater fish.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre , Nanopartículas , Animais , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Nanopartículas/toxicidade , Expressão Gênica , Alanina Transaminase/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70 , Lipídeos , Cobre/toxicidade
5.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol ; 104: 104308, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37926371

RESUMO

Copper pyrithione (CuPT) is used as a co-biocide in new antifouling paints but its toxicity remains little known. To compare the toxicity of copper-based compounds, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae were exposed for 8-day to CuPT and CuSO4 at equivalent copper concentrations. CuPT exposure led to the greatest accumulation of Cu in larvae. Exposure to 10 µg.L-1 CuPT induced 99% larval mortality but only 4% for CuSO4-exposed larvae. The larval development and growth were affected by CuPT (from 0.5 µg.L-1 Cu) but not by CuSO4. Lipid peroxidation was not induced by either contaminant. The expression of genes involved in oxidative stress defence, detoxification and copper transport was induced in larvae exposed to CuSO4 and CuPT but at higher concentrations for CuPT. This study highlights the marked toxicity of CuPT for early life stages of fish and raises the question of the possible environmental risks of this antifouling compound.


Assuntos
Oncorhynchus mykiss , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Cobre/toxicidade , Oncorhynchus mykiss/metabolismo , Larva , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise
6.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(13)2023 Jul 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37446380

RESUMO

In aquaculture, copper sulphate and trichlorfon are commonly used as disinfectants and insecticide, sometimes in combination. However, improper use can result in biotoxicity and increased ecological risks. The liver plays a crucial role in detoxification, lipid metabolism, nutrient storage, and immune function in fish. Selecting the liver as the main target organ for research helps to gain an in-depth understanding of various aspects of fish physiology, health, and adaptability. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to Cu (0.5 mg/L) and Tri (0.5 mg/L) alone and in combination for 21 days. The results demonstrate that both Cu and Tri caused hepatocyte structure damage in zebrafish after 21 days of exposure, with the combination showing an even greater toxicity. Additionally, the antioxidant and immune enzyme activities in zebrafish liver were significantly induced on both day 7 and day 21. A transcriptome analysis revealed that Cu and Tri, alone and in combination, impacted various physiological activities differently, including metabolism, growth, and immunity. Overall, Cu and Tri, either individually or in combination, can induce tissue damage by generating oxidative stress in the body, and the longer the exposure duration, the stronger the toxic effects. Moreover, the combined exposure to Cu and Tri exhibits enhanced toxicity. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the combined use of heavy metal disinfectants and other drugs.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Peixe-Zebra/metabolismo , Triclorfon/metabolismo , Triclorfon/farmacologia , Cobre/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo
7.
J Hazard Mater ; 445: 130604, 2023 03 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37056015

RESUMO

Harmful cyanobacteria blooms (HCBs) occurred frequently and become a serious scientific challenge. Copper sulfate (CuSO4) is a broad-spectrum chemical algaecide to control algae blooms. Herein, the Microcystis aeruginosa was exposed to different CuSO4 (0.0, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L) to assess the variations in algal physiological process and metabolic profiles. The results indicated that exposure to CuSO4 of 0.5 mg/L at 72 h could significantly inhibit the cell growth and photosynthetic capacity of M. aeruginosa, including chl-a content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Plasma membrane damage causing cell lysis of M. aeruginosa increased the K+ release. The increase of SOD and CAT suggested that CuSO4 treatment caused oxidative stress in algal cells. Different doses of CuSO4 modified the carbon metabolic potential, algal cells had their unique metabolic mode thereby. Moreover, the research further verified that CuSO4 would also inhibit algal growth and change algal community structure in site-collected water application. Overall, laboratory results of M. aeruginosa to CuSO4 and site-collected water application of algal responses to CuSO4 might be conducive to uncovering the controlling mechanism of algae and the potential effect of carbon cycling in an ecological environment.


Assuntos
Herbicidas , Microcystis , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Herbicidas/metabolismo , Água/farmacologia , Carbono/metabolismo
8.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 253: 114613, 2023 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36796205

RESUMO

The mechanisms of toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to the early life stages of freshwater fish, and the relative hazard compared to dissolved metals, is only partially understood. In the present study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to lethal concentrations of copper sulphate (CuSO4) or copper oxide (CuO) ENMs (primary size ∼15 nm), and then the sub-lethal effects investigated at the LC10 concentrations over 96 h. The 96 h-LC50 (mean ± 95% CI) for CuSO4 was 303 ± 14 µg Cu L-1 compared to 53 ± 9.9 mg L-1 of the whole material for CuO ENMs; with the ENMs being orders of magnitude less toxic than the metal salt. The EC50 for hatching success was 76 ± 11 µg Cu L-1 and 0.34 ± 0.78 mg L-1 for CuSO4 and CuO ENMs respectively. Failure to hatch was associated with bubbles and foam-looking perivitelline fluid (CuSO4), or particulate material smothering the chorion (CuO ENMs). In the sub-lethal exposures, about 42% of the total Cu as CuSO4 was internalised, as measured by Cu accumulation in the de-chorionated embryos, but for the ENMs exposures, nearly all (94%) of the total Cu was associated with chorion; indicating the chorion as an effective barrier to protect the embryo from the ENMs in the short term. Both forms of Cu exposure caused sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+), but not magnesium (Mg2+), depletion from the embryos; and CuSO4 caused some inhibition of the sodium pump (Na+/K+-ATPase) activity. Both forms of Cu exposure caused some loss of total glutathione (tGSH) in the embryos, but without induction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In conclusion, CuSO4 was much more toxic than CuO ENMs to early life stage zebrafish, but there are subtle differences in the exposure and toxic mechanisms for each substance.


Assuntos
Nanoestruturas , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Cobre/toxicidade , Cobre/análise , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Peixe-Zebra , Nanoestruturas/toxicidade , Óxidos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade
9.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36182080

RESUMO

The aim of this work is to study the immune responses of the polychaete Sabella spallanzanii after exposure to copper sulphate, an immunomodulating agent in marine organisms, and the multiple stresses caused by Escherichia coli infection, to validate the species as a model organism in marine-coastal biomonitoring programmes. Polychaetes were housed in laboratory and divided into five experimental groups: 1. Control (no microinjected), 2. filtered seawater + TBS injection (control of point 3), 3. filtered seawater + E. coli injection (control of point 4), 4. CuSO4 + TBS injection (control of point 5), and 5. CuSO4 + E. coli injection. The immune variables, esterase and alkaline phosphatase activity, cytotoxicity and detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase were evaluated in total body extracts of the animals. Moreover, toll-like receptor, allograft inflammatory factor-1, lysozyme and haemagglutinating activity were investigated to highlight possible interactions. Indeed, the results of this work demonstrate the immunomodulating effect of copper sulphate on S. spallanzanii total body extracts related to oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre , Poliquetos , Animais , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Escherichia coli , Água do Mar , Estresse Oxidativo
10.
Environ Geochem Health ; 45(5): 2415-2434, 2023 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35986856

RESUMO

Spatial distribution linked to geostatistical techniques contributes to sum up information into an easier-to-comprehend knowledge. This study compares copper spatial distribution in surface sediments and subsequent categorization according to its toxicological potential in two reservoirs, Rio Grande (RG) and Itupararanga (ITU) (São Paulo-Brazil), where copper sulfate is applied and not applied, respectively. Sediments from 47 sites in RG and 52 sites in ITU were collected, and then, copper concentrations were interpolated using geostatistical techniques (kriging). The resulting sediment distributions were classified in categories based on sediment quality guides: threshold effect level and probable effect level; regional reference values (RRVs) and enrichment factor (EF). Copper presented a heterogenic distribution and higher concentrations in RG (2283.00 ± 1308.75 mg/kg) especially on the upstream downstream, associated with algicide application as well as the sediment grain size, contrary to ITU (21.81 ± 8.28 mg/kg) where a no-clear pattern of distribution was observed. Sediments in RG are predominantly categorized as "Very Bad", whereas sediments in ITU are mainly categorized as "Good", showing values higher than RRV. The classification is supported by the EF categorization, which in RG is primarily categorized as "Very High" contrasting to ITU classified as "Absent/Very Low". Copper total stock in superficial sediment estimated for RG is 4515.35 Ton of Cu and for ITU is 27.45 Ton of Cu.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Cobre/toxicidade , Cobre/análise , Ecotoxicologia , Sedimentos Geológicos , Brasil , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise
11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36087706

RESUMO

Copper sulfate (CuSO4) as industrial effluent is intentionally or unintentionally released into water bodies and accumulates in the fish. Because of its numerous applications, CuSO4 can be hazardous to non-target creatures, producing direct alterations in fish habitats. Acacetin is a flavonoid present in all vascular plants that are extensively dispersed in plant pigments and responsible for many natural hues. However, the impact of acacetin on mitigating the toxic effect of CuSO4 in the in-vivo conditions is not known. The toxicity of acacetin was determined by measuring the survival, deformities and heart rate after treatment with various concentrations to larvae. The protective effect of acacetin was also observed in CuSO4 exposed zebrafish larvae by reducing malformation, mortality rate and oxidative stress. Meanwhile, the acacetin-protected larvae from CuSO4 effects through the molecular mechanism by suppressing pro-inflammatory genes (COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1) and upregulating antioxidant genes (GPx, GST and GR). Overall, our findings suggest that acacetin can act as a protective barrier against CuSO4-induced inflammation in an in-vivo zebrafish larval model.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre , Flavonas , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Cobre/farmacologia , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/farmacologia , Flavonas/farmacologia , Glutationa/metabolismo , Interleucina-1/farmacologia , Larva , Oxirredução , Estresse Oxidativo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Água , Peixe-Zebra/metabolismo
12.
Toxicology ; 474: 153221, 2022 05 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35659515

RESUMO

Inhalation exposure to copper may occur during a range of occupational activities and the purpose of this study was to characterise the toxicological response to repeated inhalation of two copper compounds, representative of copper substances in large-scale production/use. Crl:CD(SD) rats were repeatedly exposed to aerosols of dicopper oxide (Cu2O) or copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5 H2O) for 14-days as part of a range finding study at normalised copper doses of 0.18, 0.71, 1.78 and 8.9 mg/m3 Cu. Within a 28-days main study (Cu2O only), animals were repeatedly exposed to 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 2.0 mg/m3 Cu2O following OECD TG 412. The main study also consisted of satellite groups exposed for 1-, 2- or 3- weeks as well as a 13-week post-exposure recovery period group. Repeated exposure for 14-days to both copper compounds, normalised for copper content, led to an acute influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) and macrophages whilst only CuSO4.5 H2O exposure resulted in epithelial hyperplasia. This differential response may reflect the highly dissolvable nature of CuSO4.5 H2O in lung lining fluid leading to a release of copper ions at the epithelial surface whilst Cu2O is relatively indissolvable at neutral pH. In the 28-day study with Cu2O, an increase in cellularity was also evident in both histological and BALF samples and was dose-related with minimal to mild (neutrophilic) inflammation observed > 0.4 mg/m3 in the lung tissue sections and significant increases from 0.2 mg/m3 in BALF. There were no minimal haematological findings, no clinical findings and systemic organs were unaffected by inhalation exposure to dicopper oxide. The lung cellular response was limited to alveolar histiocytosis and neutrophil influx with no evidence of epithelial hyperplasia or fibrosis and all lung biomarkers returned to control levels within the post-exposure recovery period. Interestingly, the satellite groups showed that this acute cellular response followed a biphasic rather than monotonic pattern with a peak in lung biomarkers between weeks 1-3 and reduction thereafter. This reduction in lung biomarkers occurred during continued exposure and may indicate an adaptive response to copper exposure. Overall, these results show that repeated exposure to copper compounds results in an acute cellular response with no associated pathology and which fully resolved after the cessation of exposure. Therefore, the cellular response is evidence of a controlled and adaptive response associated with the removal of Cu2O from the alveolar surface.


Assuntos
Cobre , Exposição por Inalação , Administração por Inalação , Animais , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar , Cobre/toxicidade , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Hiperplasia/patologia , Exposição por Inalação/efeitos adversos , Pulmão/patologia , Óxidos , Ratos
13.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(11): 15896-15904, 2022 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34633618

RESUMO

This study's hypothesis is that carbofuran and copper sulfate have a synergistic harmful impact on the fertility of male Nile tilapia. Hence, this study was designed to assess the toxic reproductive outcome of carbofuran, copper sulfate, and their mixture in male Nile tilapia. Sixty male Nile tilapia fishes were separated into four groups (15 fish/group). The control group; carbofuran group, was given dechlorinated tap water containing 0.02 mg/L (1/10 dose of LC50) carbofuran; copper group was given dechlorinated tap water containing 4.0 mg/L (1/10 dose of LC50) copper sulfate; carbofuran + copper sulfate group received dechlorinated tap water containing 0.02 mg/L carbofuran plus 4.0 mg/L copper sulfate. After 6 weeks, results revealed a significant rise in testicular malondialdehyde levels and a significant decrease in testicular reduced glutathione contents among all experimental groups compared to the control group. Testicular testosterone levels were significantly declined in copper and combined groups compared to the control. The seminal evaluation using computer-assisted sperm analysis showed a significant decline in the progressive motility percentage, motile ratio percentage, sperm concentration, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, average path velocity, and wobble in all intoxicated groups, particularly, the combined group. The histopathology of testes in all intoxicated groups revealed a detachment of the basal membrane of some seminiferous tubules, and others were free from spermatogonia and spermatozoa with interstitial eosinophilic granular cell infiltration. Testicular lesions were more severe in the combined group. Finally, it was concluded that carbofuran and copper sulfate exerted a negative effect on the reproductive function of male Nile tilapia, and they have a synergistic harmful impact on the fertility of male Nile tilapia.


Assuntos
Carbofurano , Ciclídeos , Animais , Carbofurano/toxicidade , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Masculino , Espermatozoides , Testículo
14.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(4): 6294-6305, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34449024

RESUMO

Copper sulfate (CuSO4) is widely used in agriculture as a pesticide and foliar fertilizer. However, the possible environmental risks associated with CuSO4 use, particularly related to pollinating insects, have been poorly studied. In this study, we evaluated both lethal and sublethal effects of CuSO4 on the stingless bee Partamona helleri. Foragers were orally exposed to five concentrations of CuSO4 (5000, 1666.7, 554.2, 183.4, 58.4 µg mL-1), and the concentration killing 50% (LC50) was estimated. This concentration (142.95 µg mL-1) was subsequently used in behavioral, midgut morphology, and antioxidant activity analyses. Bee mortality increased with the ingestion of increasing concentrations of CuSO4. Ingestion at the estimated LC50 resulted in altered walking behavior and damage to the midgut epithelium and peritrophic matrix of bees. Furthermore, the LC50 increased the catalase or superoxide dismutase activities and levels of the lipid peroxidation biomarker malondialdehyde. Furthermore, the in situ detection of caspase-3 and LC3, proteins related to apoptosis and autophagy, respectively, revealed that these processes are intensified in the midgut of treated bees. These data show that the ingestion of CuSO4 can have considerable sublethal effects on the walking behavior and midgut of stingless bees, and therefore could pose potential risks to pollinators including native bees. Graphical abstract.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Sulfato de Cobre , Animais , Abelhas , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Sistema Digestório , Fertilizantes , Dose Letal Mediana
15.
Microbiol Immunol ; 65(10): 410-421, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34101233

RESUMO

Surfactin, an antibacterial peptide, produced by various Bacillus subtilis strains, have broad-spectrum antibacterial and immune-enhancing functions. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effect of surfactin on zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae following their exposure to copper sulfate (CuSO4 ). The mature AB wild-type and a transgenic line of zebrafish larvae that expressed enhanced GFP (EGFP) named Tg (Lyz:EGFP) were exposed to 0, 20, 40, and 60 µg/mL surfactin after incubation with 3.2 µg/mL CuSO4 for 2 h from 72 h postfertilization (hpf). Different endpoints, such as migration of GFP-labeled neutrophils, analysis of inflammatory cytokines and transaminases, markers of oxidation, expression of certain genes, and histological changes of liver, were studied to evaluate the function of surfactin. The protein expression levels of NF-κBp65, TNF-α, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and iNOS were determined in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells by western blotting. Our results show that surfactin reduced migration of neutrophils and relieved hepatic injury. In addition, surfactin reduced the index levels of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress response, and improved hepatic function. Surfactin also significantly inhibited the expression of IL-1ß, IL-8, TNF-α, nitric oxide, NF-κBp65, COX-2, and iNOS, and increased the expression of IL-10. Thus, our results demonstrate that surfactin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities. Surfactin has potential as a novel inflammation and immune adjustment.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/prevenção & controle , Fígado , Camundongos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Peixe-Zebra/metabolismo
16.
J Biol Inorg Chem ; 26(4): 495-510, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34023945

RESUMO

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurological disorder associated with neuropathological and neurobehavioral changes, like cognition and memory loss. Pathological hallmarks of AD comprise oxidative stress, formation of insoluble ß-amyloid (Aß) plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles constituted by hyperphosphorylated tau protein (P-tau), neurotransmitters dysbalanced (DA, NE, 5-HT, GABA and Glutamate) and metal deposition. Chronic exposure to metals like aluminium and copper causes accumulation of Aß plaques, promotes oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and degeneration of cholinergic neurons results in AD-like symptoms. In the present study, rats were administered with aluminium chloride (200 mg/kg p.o) and copper sulfate (0.5 mg/kg p.o) alone and in combination for 28 days. Allicin (10 and 20 mg/kg i.p) was administered from day 7 to day 28. Spatial and recognition memory impairment analysis was performed using Morris water maze, Probe trial, and Novel Object Recognition test. Animals were sacrificed on day 29, brain tissue was isolated, and its homogenate was used for biochemical (lipid peroxidation, nitrite, and glutathione), neuro-inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF- α), neurotransmitters (DA, NE, 5-HT, GABA and Glutamate), Aß(1-42) level, Al concentration estimation, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity. In the present study, aluminium chloride and copper sulfate administration increased oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines release, imbalanced neurotransmitters' concentration, and promoted ß-amyloid accumulation and Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Treatment with allicin dose-dependently attenuated these pathological events via restoration of antioxidants, neurotransmitters concentration, and inhibiting cytokine release and ß-amyloid accumulation. Moreover, allicin exhibited the neuroprotective effect through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neurotransmitters restoration, attenuation of neuro-inflammation and ß-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity.


Assuntos
Cloreto de Alumínio/toxicidade , Disfunção Cognitiva/induzido quimicamente , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Dissulfetos/farmacologia , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Neurotransmissores/metabolismo , Ácidos Sulfínicos/farmacologia , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/genética , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Animais , Disfunção Cognitiva/tratamento farmacológico , Dissulfetos/química , Glutationa , Aprendizagem/efeitos dos fármacos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Estrutura Molecular , Nitritos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Ácidos Sulfínicos/química
17.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 28(33): 45317-45334, 2021 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33860426

RESUMO

The increasing use and disposal of plastics has become a persistent problem in the marine environment, calling for studies that refer to realistic scenarios to understand their effects on biota. Particularly, the understanding about the effects of co-exposure with nanoplastic particles and metals on aquatic organisms is still limited. The present work aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of amino-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NH2; 50 nm) as proxy for nanoplastics on brine shrimp Artemia franciscana larvae under different culture conditions and at different stages of development, as well as the combined effect with two reference toxicants - potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and copper sulfate (CuSO4). Nauplii (instar II or III larval stages) were exposed to different concentrations of PS-NH2 (0.005 to 5 µg mL-1) for up to 48 h, with or without agitation in order to mimic a more realistic environmental scenario. Larval mobility and PS-NH2 accumulation were monitored under microscopy. PS-NH2 alone showed toxicity only at the highest concentration tested (5 µg mL-1) regardless the incubation method used (61.2 + 3.1% and 65.0 + 4.5% with and without agitation, respectively). Moreover, instar III stage was the most sensitive to PS-NH2 exposure (38.2% immobility in 24 h of exposure; 5 µg mL-1). Evidence of PS-NH2 retention in the gastrointestinal tract in a concentration- and time-dependent manner was also obtained. Mixtures of PS-NH2 (0.005 and 5 µg mL-1) with different concentrations of K2Cr2O7 increased the immobilization rate of the larvae after 48 h of exposure, when compared to the K2Cr2O7 alone. Similar results were observed for CuSO4 in the co-exposure conditions at different concentrations. However, exposing nauplii to a mixture of PS-NH2 (0.005 µg mL-1) and CuSO4 decreased immobilization rate, in comparison to the group exposed to CuSO4 alone. The present work highlights the potential risk posed by nanoplastics to zooplanktonic species through their interaction with other toxicants.


Assuntos
Nanopartículas , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Artemia , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Larva , Poliestirenos , Dicromato de Potássio/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade
18.
Toxicol In Vitro ; 74: 105161, 2021 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33839236

RESUMO

The potential for ingestion of copper oxide nanomaterials (CuO NMs) is increasing due to their increased exploitation. Investigation of changes in gene expression allows toxicity to be detected at an early stage of NM exposure and can enable investigation of the mechanism of toxicity. Here, undifferentiated Caco-2 cells, differentiated Caco-2 cells, Caco-2/HT29-MTX (mucus secreting) and Caco-2/Raji B (M cell model) co-cultures were exposed to CuO NMs and copper sulphate (CuSO4) in order to determine their impacts. Cellular responses were measured in terms of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the gene expression of an antioxidant (haem oxygenase 1 (HMOX1)), the pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin 8 (IL8)), the metal binding (metallothionein 1A and 2A (MT1A and MT2A)) and the mucus secreting (mucin 2 (MUC2)), as well as HMOX-1 protein level. While CuSO4 induced ROS production in cells, no such effect was observed for CuO NMs. However, these particles did induce an increase in the level of HMOX-1 protein and upregulation of HMOX1, MT2A, IL8 and MUC2 genes in all cell models. In conclusion, the expression of HMOX1, IL8 and MT2A were responsive to CuO NMs at 4 to 12 h post exposure when investigating the toxicity of NMs using intestinal in vitro models. These findings can inform the selection of endpoints, timepoints and models when investigating NM toxicity to the intestine in vitro in the future.


Assuntos
Cobre/toxicidade , Nanoestruturas/toxicidade , Linhagem Celular , Técnicas de Cocultura , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Heme Oxigenase-1/genética , Heme Oxigenase-1/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamação/genética , Interleucina-8/genética , Intestinos/efeitos dos fármacos , Metalotioneína/genética , Mucina-2/genética , Muco/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/genética , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
19.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 217: 112222, 2021 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33895496

RESUMO

The fate, toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) was investigated in soil, with and without biosolids amendment, through chronic exposures using the earthworm, Eisenia andrei, and the collembolan, Folsomia candida. The effects of copper sulphate (CuSO4) were included so as to compare the behavior of nCuO to a readily soluble counterpart. The fate of nCuO was evaluated through characterization of dissolved and nano-particulate fractions (via single particle ICP-MS) as well as extractable Cu2+ throughout the duration of select tests. Neither Cu form was particularly toxic to F. candida, but effects on E. andrei reproduction were significant in all treatments (IC50 range: 98 - 149 mg Cu kg-1 dry soil). There were no significant differences in toxicity between the Cu forms, nor in extractable Cu2+ activities, indicative that particle dissolution within the soil and, subsequent activity of Cu2+ was likely the primary mode of toxicity in the nCuO exposures. The presence of biosolids did not significantly alter toxicity of nCuO, but did affect Cu2+ activity over time. Bioaccumulation of total Cu in E. andrei when exposed to nCuO (kinetic bioaccumulation factor (BAFk): 0.80 with biosolids and 0.81 without) was lower than exposure to CuSO4 (BAFk: 2.31 with biosolids and 1.12 without). Enhanced dark-field hyperspectral imaging showed accumulation of nCuO along the epidermis and gut of E. andrei, with trace amounts observed in muscle and chloragogenous tissue, providing evidence of nCuO translocation within the organism. The present study demonstrates that the current risk assessment approach for trace metals in the environment, based on substance solubility and bioavailability of the dissolved free ion, are applicable for nCuO exposure to soil invertebrates, but that the rate of particle dissolution in different soil environments is an important factor for consideration.


Assuntos
Biossólidos , Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Cobre/toxicidade , Invertebrados/fisiologia , Poluentes do Solo/toxicidade , Animais , Artrópodes , Bioacumulação , Disponibilidade Biológica , Nanopartículas , Oligoquetos/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxidos/farmacologia , Solo , Poluentes do Solo/análise
20.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 208: 111730, 2021 Jan 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33396061

RESUMO

Copper (Cu) is a common environmental pollutant in nature. Cu-poisoning can cause liver damage and erythrocytes hemolysis. To evaluate the effect of CuSO4 poisoning on the morphological and functional characteristics of goat red blood cells. Five 10-14-month-old goats were selected for jugular vein blood sampling to obtain erythrocytes, and then the erythrocytes were processed with different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 µmol/L) of CuSO4 for 48 h, and 40 µmol/L doses CuSO4 incubated for different time (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h) to process erythrocytes. We observed the changes in erythrocyte morphology through scanning electron microscopy, and detected the antioxidant function and activities of three ATPases. Additionally, biological properties were examined from the perspectives of phospholipids and membrane protein components, permeability fragility, and fluidity in erythrocytes. We found that after CuSO4 treatment, the antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes decreased, which was manifested as increased MDA content and decreased CuZn-SOD and GSH-Px activities (p < 0.05). In addition, we also found that erythrocyte fluidity decreased, osmotic fragility increased, membrane phospholipid percentage and protein composition changes abnormally, and Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities decreased (p < 0.05). From the results, it can be concluded that CuSO4 exposure causes hemolysis of goat erythrocytes through oxidative stress to the structure and function of erythrocytes, showing a dose-time effect.


Assuntos
Sulfato de Cobre/toxicidade , Substâncias Perigosas/toxicidade , Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Animais , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Cobre/análise , Membrana Eritrocítica/química , Membrana Eritrocítica/efeitos dos fármacos , Membrana Eritrocítica/metabolismo , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Cabras/metabolismo , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Fragilidade Osmótica/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fosfolipídeos/análise , Testes de Toxicidade
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...