RESUMO
The plants of the Colchicum family were known during the archaic period in Greece for their deleterious properties. Later on, they were used for the treatment of podagra. The treatment was introduced by the ancient Greek physicians and passed on to the Byzantine and Arabian physicians to endure until nowadays. The first plant was most probably named "Medea" from the notorious Colchican witch. As the most common member of the family blossoms in autumn, the plant was named Colchicum autumnale. Various nominations were also used, such as Ephemeron, Hermodactyl, Anima articulorum and Surugen. Our article discusses them, while at the same time presents the most notable authorities who have used Colchicum plants in herbal medicine and toxicology.
Assuntos
Colchicina/uso terapêutico , Supressores da Gota/uso terapêutico , Gota/tratamento farmacológico , Redação , Bizâncio , Colchicina/história , Colchicum/química , Supressores da Gota/história , Grécia , História Antiga , Humanos , Plantas Medicinais/químicaRESUMO
Colchicine is a tricyclic alkaloid extracted from the herbaceous plant Colchicum autumnale. Known since antiquity for its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of gout, colchicine was reintroduced in 19th century pharmacopeia, thanks to the work of the French chemists and pharmacists Pierre-Joseph Pelletier (1788-1842) and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou (1795-1877) who in 1819, isolated a peculiar substance in the roots of Colchicum autumnale. In 1833, the substance was further analyzed by the German pharmacist and chemist Philipp Lorenz Geiger (1785-1836), who coined the name colchicine. In 1884, the French pharmacist Alfred Houde (1854-1919) produced for the first time pure crystallized colchicine in granules of 1milligram which is still sold under this trade name in several countries. In the last two centuries, colchicine's indications were furthermore expanded. From anti-gout drug during antiquity and a diuretic in 19th century, colchicine is currently administered in several affections such as Adamantiades-Behcet's disease, familial Mediterranean fever, pericarditis and atrial fibrillation.
Assuntos
Colchicina/isolamento & purificação , Supressores da Gota/isolamento & purificação , Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Behçet/tratamento farmacológico , Colchicina/história , Colchicina/uso terapêutico , Febre Familiar do Mediterrâneo/tratamento farmacológico , Gota/tratamento farmacológico , Supressores da Gota/história , Supressores da Gota/uso terapêutico , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Pericardite/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Colchicine is a treatment for gout that has been used for more than a millennium. It is the treatment of choice for familial Mediterranean fever and its associated complication, amyloidosis. The 2009 U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of colchicine as a new drug had research consequences. Recent investigations with large cohorts of patients with gout who have been taking colchicine for years have demonstrated novel applications within oncology, immunology, cardiology and dermatology. Some emerging dermatological uses include the treatment of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, leucocytoclastic vasculitis, aphthous stomatitis and others. In this work we relate the history and the new horizon of this ancient medicine.
Assuntos
Colchicina/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Supressores da Gota/uso terapêutico , Moduladores de Tubulina/uso terapêutico , Colchicina/história , Colchicina/farmacologia , Febre Familiar do Mediterrâneo/tratamento farmacológico , Gota/tratamento farmacológico , Gota/história , Supressores da Gota/história , Supressores da Gota/farmacologia , História do Século XIX , História do Século XXI , História Antiga , Humanos , Doenças Reumáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Estomatite Aftosa/tratamento farmacológico , Moduladores de Tubulina/farmacologiaRESUMO
The British Journal of Hospital Medicine is 50 years old. This article takes a look back at articles published during the year of its inception from the British Medical Journal, the Lancet and the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Assuntos
Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/história , Aborto Induzido/história , Acetaminofen/história , Acetaminofen/toxicidade , Adenoma Adrenocortical/história , Alopurinol/história , Alopurinol/uso terapêutico , Analgésicos/história , Analgésicos/toxicidade , Antineoplásicos/história , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Pulmão do Criador de Aves/história , Doença Celíaca/complicações , Doença Celíaca/história , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/história , Dermatite Herpetiforme/complicações , Dermatite Herpetiforme/história , Descoberta de Drogas/história , Gota/tratamento farmacológico , Gota/história , Supressores da Gota/história , Supressores da Gota/uso terapêutico , Rejeição de Enxerto/história , Rejeição de Enxerto/imunologia , Doença Granulomatosa Crônica/história , História do Século XX , Humanos , Medicare/história , Editoração/história , Reino Unido , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica/história , Farmacogenética/história , Alopurinol/história , Alopurinol/uso terapêutico , Supressores da Gota/história , Supressores da Gota/uso terapêutico , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/história , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Liderança , Mentores , Metformina/história , Metformina/uso terapêutico , Farmacogenética/educação , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Colchicina/história , Supressores da Gota/história , Colchicina/uso terapêutico , Inglaterra , França , Gota/tratamento farmacológico , Gota/história , Supressores da Gota/uso terapêutico , Mundo Grego/história , História do Século XVII , História do Século XVIII , História do Século XIX , História Antiga , Humanos , Mundo Romano/históriaRESUMO
Gout is relatively unique among rheumatological diseases in that its effects were common and, at least in history, disproportionately represented in prominent authority figures. Effective treatments have only been available for just over a century and therefore for the most part, the disease has run relatively unchecked. Consequently, it may have had global ramifications. The history of gout, from apocryphal orthodoxy to medical clarity, is reviewed, using a few of the more colourful characters in its considerable pantheon.