Aditivos de las presentaciones medicamentosas / Additive of the medical samples

La Tartrazina y Sulfitos son responsables del 90%de las reacciones a los aditivos. Colorantes como Amaranto (Rojo Nro.4), Eritrocina (Rojo Nro.3), Azul Brillante (Azul Nro.1), etc. y conservantes como parabenos, nitratos, benzoatos, etc., son citados por reportes aislados en la literatura como causantes de racciones medicamentosas. En nuestro país la mayoría de prospectos de los medicamentos no detallan los excipientes. Se inició el presente trabajo revisando uno por uno los prospectos adjuntos de las presentaciones farmacéuticas, en farmacias y droguerías de nuestra ciudad. Se agruparon los medicamentos en 5 categorías. Se enviaron cartas a 104 de los Laboratorios, solicitando nos confirmen o nos rectifiquen, si existe error en cuanto a la lista de presentaciones farmacéuticas que adjuntamos. Así tenemos: 1)Medicamentos con sulfitos. Ej: Biletan (comp.), Gentamina (amp.). 2)Medicamentos con tartrazina. Ej: Pankreoflat AD (comp.). 3)Medicamentos que no aclaran excipientes. Ej.: Berco (susp.) 4)Medicamentos que aclaran excipientes, sin sulfitos, ni tartrazina. Ej.: Ventolin (cpto)(jarabe). 5)Medicamentos que no se conocen sus prospectos por falta de existencia. Ej.:Amplidine Balsámico (susp.). Hay laboratorios que colaboran y otros que no contestaron nuestras cartas. El listado de las presentaciones medicamentosas, resultante de este trabajo, permitirá que los médicos alergólogos, tomen conocimiento de los excipientes que en ciertos pacientes sensibles pueden causar reacciones

Aditivos de las presentaciones medicamentosas / Additive of the medical samples

La Tartrazina y Sulfitos son responsables del 90%de las reacciones a los aditivos. Colorantes como Amaranto (Rojo Nro.4), Eritrocina (Rojo Nro.3), Azul Brillante (Azul Nro.1), etc. y conservantes como parabenos, nitratos, benzoatos, etc., son citados por reportes aislados en la literatura como causantes de racciones medicamentosas. En nuestro país la mayoría de prospectos de los medicamentos no detallan los excipientes. Se inició el presente trabajo revisando uno por uno los prospectos adjuntos de las presentaciones farmacéuticas, en farmacias y droguerías de nuestra ciudad. Se agruparon los medicamentos en 5 categorías. Se enviaron cartas a 104 de los Laboratorios, solicitando nos confirmen o nos rectifiquen, si existe error en cuanto a la lista de presentaciones farmacéuticas que adjuntamos. Así tenemos: 1)Medicamentos con sulfitos. Ej: Biletan (comp.), Gentamina (amp.). 2)Medicamentos con tartrazina. Ej: Pankreoflat AD (comp.). 3)Medicamentos que no aclaran excipientes. Ej.: Berco (susp.) 4)Medicamentos que aclaran excipientes, sin sulfitos, ni tartrazina. Ej.: Ventolin (cpto)(jarabe). 5)Medicamentos que no se conocen sus prospectos por falta de existencia. Ej.:Amplidine Balsámico (susp.). Hay laboratorios que colaboran y otros que no contestaron nuestras cartas. El listado de las presentaciones medicamentosas, resultante de este trabajo, permitirá que los médicos alergólogos, tomen conocimiento de los excipientes que en ciertos pacientes sensibles pueden causar reacciones

Cell-mediated immune responses to artificial food additives in chronic urticaria.

In some cases of chronic urticaria it is suspected that food additives such as tartrazine and sodium benzoate or salicylates may play a role in the pathogenesis of the condition. Since, at times, chronic urticaria may appear histologically similar to a mild cell-mediated immune response, the release of the T cell-derived lymphokine leucocyte inhibitory factor (LIF), in response to incubation with these additives and with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), was measured in vitro using cells from normal controls, from patients with chronic urticaria with or without clinically associated additive sensitivity and from patients with asthma with or without associated ASA sensitivity. It was found that significant production of LIF occurred in response to tartrazine and sodium benzoate in those individuals with chronic additive induced urticaria. In addition, tartrazine caused LIF release from mononuclear cells of ASA-sensitive asthmatics. These results may indicate a possible role for additive-induced cell-mediated immune responses in the pathogenesis of some cases of chronic urticaria and suggest a potential diagnostic test for this condition.

Induction of a transient reaginic antibody to tartrazine in an animal model.

The capacity of tartrazine to initiate reaginic antibody production was investigated in inbred rats. Parenteral administration of tartrazine, when covalently linked to a protein carrier and presented in association with carrageenan, resulted in the production of a transient tartrazine-specific reaginic antibody. This response could be enhanced by a secondary challenge, but declined rapidly and thereafter could not be re-elicited.

Immunological studies on tartrazine and its metabolites. I. Animal studies.

Tartrazine is occasionally associated with some clinical changes which have been attributed to allergy. In tests on laboratory animals with tartrazine and its metabolites by methods which should have detected potential to induce antibody formation, no antibodies were detected except by methods which are artificial in terms of human exposure. Similarly, laboratory methods have shown that the metabolites of tartrazine, and in some cases tartrazine itself, can induce contact sensitization in guinea pigs, although there is little evidence that tartrazine can induce similar changes in man.

Decreased sensitivity to tartrazine after aspirin desensitization in an asthmatic patient intolerant to both aspirin and tartrazine.

An aspirin- and tartrazine-sensitive asthmatic patient underwent a desensitization to the adverse effects of aspirin by oral aspirin challenges. After a month of daily aspirin ingestion, the patient's reactivity to tartrazine, tested by oral challenge, was observed to the blunted. This report suggests that desensitization to the adverse effects of aspirin might protect the patient against the adverse effects of tartrazine.

Tartrazine: a potentially hazardous dye in Canadian drugs.

The literature was reviewed to determine the incidence of idiosyncratic reactions to tartrazine. From 4% to 14% of individuals with asthma or allergies or both and from 7% to 20% of persons who are sensitive to acetylsalicylic acid may react to this dye. The mechanism of such reactions is unknown. Pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors were surveyed and a list was prepared of approximately 450 Canadian pharmaceuticals that contain tartrazine. The 53 pharmaceutical and manufacturers and distributors whose drug products do not contain this dye were also listed. It is recommended that information concerning the tartrazine content of drugs be included on package labels.

[Acetylsalicylic acid and food additive intolerance in urticaria, bronchial asthma and rhinopathy]. / Acetylsalicylsäure- und Lebensmitteladditiva-Intoleranz bei Urtikaria, Asthma bronchiale und chronischer Rhinopathie.

Adverse reactions (urticaria, angio-edema, bronchoconstriction, purpura) to Aspirin (ASS) and food-and-drug additives such as the yellow dye tartrazine and the preservative benzoate are observed all over the world. Since the exact pathogenetic mechanisms of this condition is unknown, it is described as intolerance or pseudo-allergy and has been related to an imbalance of prostaglandin synthesis. Among 620 patients with urticaria, bronchial asthma or chronic rhinitis, oral provocation tests with ASS, tartrazine or benzoic acid revealed in 165 (26.6%) intolerance to ASS or additives. Frequency of intolerance to tartrazine varied between 6.1% in urticaria (n=308), 7.3% in asthma (n=96) and 14.5% in urticaria and asthma patients, while intolerance to benzoate varied from 2.5% in rhinitis (n=40) to 11.5% in asthma. More than two thirds of the intolerant patients were improved by an elimination diet and by the avoidance of "aspirin-like" drugs. More than one third of chronic urticaria patients became symptomfree. In Switzerland exact declaration of all food additives is urgently needed. Moreover, azo-dyes must no longer be used for colouring of drugs.