RESUMO
The novel human papillomavirus type 154 (HPV154) was characterized from a wart on the crena ani of a three-year-old boy. It was previously designated as the putative HPV type FADI3 by sequencing of a subgenomic FAP amplicon. We obtained the complete genome by combined methods including rolling circle amplification (RCA), genome walking through an adapted method for detection of integrated papillomavirus sequences by ligation-mediated PCR (DIPS-PCR), long-range PCR, and finally by cloning of four overlapping amplicons. Phylogenetically, the HPV154 genome clustered together with members of the proposed species Gammapapillomavirus 11, and demonstrated the highest identity in L1 to HPV136 (68.6%). The HPV154 was detected in 3% (2/62) of forehead skin swabs from healthy children. In addition, the different detection sites of 62 gammapapillomaviruses were summarized in order to analyze their tissue tropism. Several of these HPV types have been detected from multiple sources such as skin, oral, nasal, and genital sites, suggesting that the gammapapillomaviruses are generalists with a broader tissue tropism than previously appreciated. The study expands current knowledge concerning genetic diversity and tropism among HPV types in the rapidly growing gammapapillomavirus genus.
Assuntos
DNA Viral/genética , Gammapapillomavirus/genética , Genoma Viral , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Filogenia , Verrugas , Sequência de Bases , Nádegas/virologia , Pré-Escolar , DNA Viral/classificação , Feminino , Testa/virologia , Gammapapillomavirus/classificação , Gammapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Variação Genética , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Tropismo ViralRESUMO
Recently, several novel human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been detected. HPyV6, 7, 9 and 10 are not associated with any disease so far. Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS)-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) can cause the rare skin disease TS. We have evaluated cutaneous DNA prevalence and viral loads of five HPyVs in HIV-infected men compared to healthy male controls. 449 forehead swabs were analysed by HPyV-specific real-time PCR. HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV and HPyV10 were found significantly more frequently on the skin of 210 HIV-infected compared to 239 HIV-negative men (HPyV6, 39.0 vs 27.6â%; HPyV7, 21.0 vs 13.4â%; TSPyV, 3.8 vs 0.8â%; HPyV10, 9.3 vs 3.4â%; P<0.05, respectively). HPyV9 was not detected. Multiple infections were more frequent in HIV-positive men, but HPyV-DNA loads did not differ significantly in both groups. In contrast to HPyV6, 7 and 10, TSPyV and HPyV9 do not seem to be a regular part of the human skin microbiome.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por Polyomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Polyomavirus/virologia , Polyomavirus/classificação , Polyomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/epidemiologia , Infecções Tumorais por Vírus/virologia , Adulto , DNA Viral/genética , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Testa/virologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Pele/virologia , Carga ViralRESUMO
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) DNA was detected in 88% of Merkel cell carcinomas in contrast to 16% of other skin tumors. MCPyV was also found in anogenital and oral samples (31%) and eyebrow hairs (50%) of HIV-positive men and in forehead swabs (62%) of healthy controls. MCPyV thus appears to be widespread.
