RESUMO
Jules Bordet came to the Institut Pasteur soon after his MD graduation at the Université libre de Bruxelles, thanks to a grant from the Belgian government. He joined there the laboratory of Elie Metchnikoff, the father of phagocytes and cellular immunity. Amazingly, he will decipher there some of the key mechanisms of humoral immunity initially discovered by the German school against which his mentor was fighting. He described the mechanisms that govern bacteriolysis and hemolysis, following the action of immune sera. Even if he favored the term alexin coined by Hans Buchner, he is indeed one of the founding fathers of the complement system (term coined by Paul Ehrlich). It is for these works that he was awarded in October 1920 the 1919 Nobel Prize. Back in Belgium, he became the director of Institut Pasteur du Brabant and made another landmark discovery, namely the identification of the bacillus of whooping cough, now named Bordetella pertussis.
TITLE: Jules Bordet, un homme de conviction - Centenaire de l'attribution de son prix Nobel. ABSTRACT: Docteur en médecine, bénéficiant d'une bourse du gouvernement belge, Jules Bordet vint se former au sein du laboratoire du père de l'immunité cellulaire, Elie Metchnikoff, à l'Institut Pasteur. Paradoxalement, il va y déchiffrer certains des mécanismes clés de l'immunité humorale, initialement découverte par l'école allemande. Il y décrit notamment les mécanismes qui aboutissent à la bactériolyse et l'hémolyse par l'action d'immunsérums. Même s'il favorisa le terme d'alexine, créé par Hans Buchner, c'est bien le système du complément (terme inventé par Paul Ehrlich) dont il est un des pères fondateurs. C'est pour ces travaux qu'il se verra attribué en octobre 1920 le prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine millésimé 1919. Il identifia aussi le bacille de la coqueluche, qui porte son nom Bordetella pertussis.
Assuntos
Bacteriologia , Pessoal de Laboratório , Prêmio Nobel , Bacteriologia/história , Bacteriólise/fisiologia , Bélgica , Bioética , Testes de Hemaglutinação/história , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/fisiologia , Imunidade Humoral/fisiologia , Pessoal de Laboratório/história , Masculino , Sorogrupo , Testes Sorológicos/históriaRESUMO
Sixty years ago, the premier blood grouping laboratory was that of Robert Race in London. Agglutination tests and blood grouping had provided breakthroughs in immunology, genetics, and the solution of clinical problems. The significance of immunohematology was recognized by the clinical hematology community as a potent force in the expanding field of disorders of the blood and blood-forming organs. The instructions by Race to his London workers entitled Hints to Blood Groupers provide a picture of the immunohematology laboratory even before automation and differed slightly from the American techniques that derived from Landsteiner. Before agglutination is replaced in the near future by the emergence of molecular methods, the detailed method of a superb laboratory is recorded.
