RESUMO
A 33-year-old HIV-1-positive man developed dementia and a paranoid symptomatology with auditory hallucinations as the first manifestation of AIDS. The immunodeficiency syndrome is currently represented only by the immunohistochemical findings (CD4 216/microliters; CD4/CD8 ratio 0.12); no other manifestations of the disease are present. According to the literature about 15% of patients suffering from AIDS are likely to develop dementia during the course of the disease, usually after preceding opportunistic infections, severe systemic illness, or neoplasm. The manifestation of the disease solely by dementia is a rare phenomenon and represents, particularly if the incident of infection is cryptic, a diagnostic challenge.
Assuntos
Complexo AIDS Demência/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/diagnóstico , HIV-1 , Transtornos Paranoides/diagnóstico , Complexo AIDS Demência/imunologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia , Adulto , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Relação CD4-CD8 , Citocinas/fisiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , HIV-1/imunologia , Homossexualidade Masculina , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/imunologia , Neurônios/imunologia , Transtornos Paranoides/imunologiaRESUMO
The authors examined 29 patients with endogenous psychosis (incl. 25 suffering from paranoid schizophrenia and four suffering from bipolar psychosis diagnosed according to DSM III criteria) with the aim to reveal the relationship of hitherto little studied HLA-DR antigens and the psychotic disease. Moreover, the passesed in the group also the ration of HLA-A, B, C antigens. In patients with paranoid schizophrenia and in all patients they found a higher incidence of HLA-DR2 antigens and a lower incidence of HLA-DRw6 and DR7. A statistically significant result was obtained only for HLA-DR2, and only before correction of p. The corrected p value (for the number of antigens) was no longer significant. This finding may serve as a stimulus to resolve the relationship of HLA-DR antigens and schizophrenia in a larger number of patients and in a greater number of departments.
Assuntos
Antígenos HLA-DR/análise , Transtornos Paranoides/imunologia , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/imunologia , HumanosRESUMO
Paranoid psychosis developed in two homosexual patients (aged 36 and 37 years) three and four years, respectively, after found to have an HIV infection. There was a marked reduction in the T-helper to T-suppressor-cell proportion (0.4 and 0.2). Neither computed tomography nor magnetic resonance imaging, nor microscopic, microbiological and biochemical tests of cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated opportunistic infection of the central nervous system. After treatment with haloperidol (3 mg daily) there was a rapid regression of the psychotic symptoms.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Transtornos Paranoides/etiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/psicologia , Adulto , Humanos , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Transtornos Paranoides/imunologia , Transtornos Paranoides/psicologia , Linfócitos T Auxiliares-Indutores/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologiaRESUMO
Antibodies to a variety of foods, and in particular cereals, were measured in serum from 100 patients with acute psychoses and 100 elective surgical patients. For 13 out of 14 foods to which non-IgE antibodies were detected the schizophrenics had slightly more antibodies than the controls. There was an association between a possible secondary mania and the presence of IgE antibodies to wheat or rye. However, neither the schizophrenia nor the mania findings can be regarded as evidence for food allergy causing psychiatric disorder, since the immunological findings in both cases may represent consequences of the illnesses or their treatment, rather than causes of the illness.