The fat-to-lean mass ratio, a novel anthropometric index, is associated to glucose metabolic disorders.

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate whether the Fat-to-Lean Mass (FyM) ratio is associated to glucose metabolic disorders (GMD). DESIGN: Cross-sectional population based study. METHODS: Eligible subjects were healthy men and non-pregnant women with new diagnosis of GMD that were allocated into following groups: 1) Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT), 2) Diabetes, 3) impaired fasting glucose (IFG) + impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 4) IGT, and 5) IFG. The FyM index [Total body fat (Kg)/total lean mass (Kg)], and the odds ratio (OR) between FyM index and GMD were estimated. RESULTS: A total of 875 individuals with average age 41.62 ±â€¯12.3 were enrolled; of them, 645 (73.1%) women and 230 (22.8%) men; 521 (59.5%), 71 (8.1%), 85 (9.7%), 53 (6.0%), and 145 (16.6%) individuals were allocated into groups with NGT, diabetes, IFG + IGT, IGT, and IFG, respectively. The FyM was significantly associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (OR 4.2; 95%CI 3.0-11.1 and OR = 7.2; 95%CI 2.0-15.2) and men (OR = 2.6; 95%CI 1.1-6.7 and OR = 4.6; 95%CI 1.4-15.1). In the overall population, the OR between FyM index with IGT, IFG, and IFG + IGT was 8.4 (95%CI 2.6-17.4), 5.2 (95%CI 2.6-10.6), and 6.1 (95%CI 1.8-9.5). CONCLUSION: The FyM index was strongly associated with all categories of GMD.

[RISK FACTORS OF DEATH IN DIABETES MELLITUS].

Objective: To study risk factors of death in diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods: This prospective cohort study included 337 patients with compromised carbohydrate metabolism (36 with impaired fasting glycemia or impaired glucose tolerance, 80 with type 1 diabetes, 194 with type 2 diabetes, 27 with diabetes due to chronic pancreatitis). Mean follow-up was 11.2±4.8 years (from 1 January 1995 through 31 December 2014). We investigated causes and risk factors of death in patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Results: 115 patients died during the study period. The most common causes of death of patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes are cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Risk factors of death in type 1 DM include cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. Patients die at a younger age due to early onset of the disease. In type 2 diabetes risk factors of death are cardiovascular and oncologic diseases, nephropathy, the use of insulin. Patients die in elderly and senile age due to the late onset of diabetes. Gender differences in mortality associated with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus were not observed. Conclusion: Main causes of death in patients with type 1 and 2 DM are cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Risk factors of death include macro - and microvascular complications.