Effectiveness of a protocol with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating osteoradionecrosis: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the treatment of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) using a protocol that incorporates antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with a conventional treatment protocol. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective study analyzed 55 patients diagnosed with ORN at a reference hospital between 2002 and 2021. Patients were treated using two different clinical protocols. Clinical treatment success was defined as the epithelialization of the ORN lesion, along with the absence of pain and local infection. RESULTS: A total of 53 ORN lesions were included, with a median development time of 30 months. The patient cohort was predominantly male (83.02%), with a median age of 58 years. The main causes of ORN were prosthetic trauma (28.30%) and dental extractions due to infection (32.07%). Good oral hygiene and hygiene of the lesion were identified as protective factors for achieving clinical success, with a significant correlation to lesion epithelialization (p ≤ 0.0001). ORN developed more rapidly in tumors of the oral cavity, with a median time of 8 months, compared to oropharyngeal tumors, which had a median time of 39 months (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The proposed treatment protocol, which includes antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, demonstrated greater effectiveness compared to the conventional protocol, achieving clinical success in 75% of the lesions analyzed in a shorter timeframe (p ≤ 0.0001). Additionally, maintaining proper oral and lesion hygiene is crucial for successful outcomes, and ORN develops more rapidly in patients with oral cavity tumors.

Oral care practices for patients in intensive care unit: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To critically analyse and discuss oral hygiene protocols in the hospital environment in patients admitted to the ICU, through a systematic review of the literature. METHODS: The electronic search was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. The indexing keywords according to the PRISMA protocol were: 'hospital dentistry', 'oral health', 'oral care' and 'intensive care unit'. RESULTS: The initial search resulted in a total of 2671 articles. Pre-selection based on titles led to the exclusion of 2510 articles and the remaining 36 were selected for abstract reading. After analysing the eligibility of the articles, eight studies were included in the review and submitted to qualitative analysis. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that cleaning with a soft bristle brush, use of chlorhexidine and lip moisturizing are methods commonly used in dental care actions in patients hospitalized in intensive care units.

Oral hygiene in critically ill patients at a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil: a best practice implementation project.

OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to promote evidence-based practices relat. ed to the oral health of critically ill patients in an intensive care unit in Brazil. INTRODUCTION: The oral hygiene of patients on mechanical ventilation is an essential component of nursing care quality, and well-defined guidelines ensure appropriate care. Mechanical ventilation is associated with the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia, which can increase mortality, length of stay, time on mechanical ventilation, and hospital costs. METHODS: This project was guided by the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework, which consists of seven stages: (1) identification of the area of practice to be changed, (2) involvement of change agents, (3) context assessment and readiness for change, (4) review of practices against evidence-based audit criteria, (5) implementation of practice changes, (6) reassessment of practices using a follow-up audit, and (7) consideration of the sustainability of changes in practice. RESULTS: Four audit criteria were developed to evaluate compliance with best practices. In the follow-up audit, Criteria 1, 2, and 3 obtained compliance of ≥ 80%. Thus, for Criterion 1, all the patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours were evaluated by the oral medicine team, resulting in 100% compliance. For Criterion 2 on appropriate oral hygiene measures, a compliance rate of 80% was achieved. For Criterion 3, 39 professionals (90.7%) participated in educational activities related to the oral health protocol for critically ill patients, obtaining 90.7% compliance. For Criterion 4 regarding patients being evaluated before receiving any oral health care, improvement was low (only 50%), revealing the need for further improvement. CONCLUSION: This best practice project improved the professional practice of nursing staff and increased compliance with best practices for the oral health of critically ill patients. SPANISH ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A175.

Prevention of Aspiration: Oral Care, Antibiotics, Others.

Patients with aspiration pneumonia often develop this lung infection due to poor oral health or because the contents of the digestive tract or upper airway enter the lower airway traversing the larynx through different mechanisms. Prevention of this condition is directed at the mechanism by which it occurs. The elderly are the most likely to suffer from aspiration pneumonia, occasionally due to issues related to poor dental health, but more frequently due to abnormal swallowing, which may appear after a stroke, a functional impairment related to aging, or may be part of a specific disease such as Parkinson's disease or some other nervous system condition. People with dysphagia complicated by pneumonia have limited feeding and become debilitated, and aspiration pneumonia in these individuals has a high mortality rate at 90 days. Dietary modifications, assistance with feeding, use of postures that facilitate a normal deglutition, rehabilitation, and use of medications to improve swallowing defects are the tools of medicine to overcome the obstacles to swallowing normally and prevent the development of aspiration pneumonia and its consequences.

Parental emotions in families of children and adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder.

This study assessed the influence of sociodemographic conditions, oral hygiene habits, and the socio-psychological need for orthodontic treatment on the emotions of caregivers of children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study with families of individuals aged 6 to 14 years at a reference center for neurodevelopmental disorders and two dental school clinics in northeastern Brazil. Caregiver emotions were assessed using the 'Parental Emotions' domain of the Family Impact Scale (FIS). We analyzed sociodemographic variables, oral hygiene habits, and sociopsychological need for orthodontic treatment using the esthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). We used descriptive and hierarchical Poisson regression analyses with robust variance (α = 5%). The study included 144 families evenly distributed across the groups. The caregiver group with ASD demonstrated a higher total score for parental emotions (p < 0.001). Factors associated with this factor included caregiver responsible for brushing (PR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.12-1.59), mandatory need for orthodontic treatment (PR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.07-1.46), and caregivers' education up to 8 years (PR = 1.45; 95%CI: 1.02-2.07). Caregivers with lower income showed a lower prevalence of parental emotions (PR = 0.57; 95%CI: 0.35-0.93). Caregivers of children with ASD exhibited a higher emotional burden. Factors associated with parental emotions included responsibility for tooth brushing attributed to caregivers, sociopsychological need for orthodontic treatment, and family income.

Exploring lived experiences with tooth loss among fully edentulous patients attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.

BACKGROUND: One of the most prevalent oral health issues affecting mankind is tooth loss. Besides extractions due to periodontal disease and caries, accidents and lack of dental knowledge can also result in tooth loss. Nevertheless, no known published studies have examined how edentulous patients in Uganda have lived with tooth loss. The objective of the present study was to investigate experiences of tooth loss among Ugandan edentulous patients attending Makerere University Dental Hospital. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional qualitative study using purposive recruitment of respondents. A total of 15 respondents were chosen from a variety of socio-economic groups. Qualitative data were collected using oral interviews in form of note taking and an audio-recorder. The data collected comprised the causes of tooth loss, the physical and psychological effects of losing teeth, the difficulties in managing oral hygiene when one is toothless, coping mechanisms, and supportive interventions after losing natural teeth. The collected data were transcribed and analyzed thematically using a software, Atlas Ti. The generated qualitative data were summarized as text, while demographic characteristics were presented in a table. RESULTS: Oral infections such as periodontal disease (which destroy tooth supporting tissues), tooth decay and trauma from accidents were reportedly the main causes of tooth loss. In case of tooth pain as a first symptom, most patients choose self-medication with over-the-counter drugs and home remedies. They only consult dental professionals when the condition deteriorates. Tooth loss was associated with problems of eating, facial aesthetics and low self-esteem. CONCLUSION: The present study found that tooth loss was caused by periodontal disease, tooth decay and trauma from accidents. Loss of teeth was escalated by poor health seeking behavior. Tooth loss resulted in pain, eating difficulties, speech difficulties, poor facial appearance and consequently low self-esteem.

Relationship Between Low Education and Poor Periodontal Status among Mexican Adults Aged ≥50 Years.

PURPOSE: To examine the association between educational level and the presence of periodontal disease in adults ages ≥ 50 years in Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2098 Mexican adults, using data from the annual reports of the Epidemiological Monitoring System for Oral Pathologies from 2019-2022. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, age, educational level, oral hygiene, and diabetes. Periodontal status was evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and was classified into: CPI = 0 (healthy); CPI = 1 (bleeding on probing); CPI = 2 (calculus); and CPI = 3 or 4 (pocket depth ≥ 4 mm). A multinomial regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI), using periodontal status as the result. RESULTS: 39.9% of subjects presented periodontal pockets of ≥ 4 mm, 20.8% presented calculus, and 12.8% presented bleeding, while only 26.4% were classified as healthy. A low level of education (≤ 9 years) (OR = 4.84; p 0.001), age ≥ 65 years (OR = 1.33; p = 0.025), poor oral hygiene (OR = 6.86; p 0.001), smoking (OR = 1.51; p = 0.025), and diabetes (OR = 1.73; p 0.001) were statistically significantly associated with the presence of periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm. CONCLUSIONS: A low level of education is associated with worse periodontal status in adults aged 50 years or more. These findings reiterate the importance of implementing effective strategies and the incorporation of interventions for improving the access to and quality of services targeted at aging communities.

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and dental caries in Brazilian adolescents.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) and dental caries, considering muscle mass (MM), bone mineral density (BMD), and oral hygiene habits (OHH) as mediators. This study has an analytical cross-sectional design with 2,515 adolescents (18-19 years). The main exposure - the UPF intake ratio - was established using the food frequency questionnaire. The outcome was the number of decayed teeth, according to the DMFT index. The model adjustment included socio-economic status (SES), frequency of physical activity, and concurrent risk habits (CRH) as potential confounders. Three latent variables were considered: SES (family income, economic class, household head, and adolescent education), OHH (gingival bleeding on probing index and visible plaque index), and CRH (alcohol and tobacco dependence). The analyses used structural equation modeling, estimating the standardized coefficient (SC) in three models: lumbar BMD(1), femoral BMD(2), and total BMD(3). UPF consumption had a direct (SCmodel1=0.071, SCmodel2=0.072, SCmodel3=0.071; p < 0.05) and total (SCmodel1=0.067, SCmodel2=0.068, SCmodel3=0.068; p < 0.05) effect on the number of decayed teeth. BMD and MM did not mediate the association between UPF and dental caries, but the indirect association mediated by OHH was significant in all analyses (p < 0.05). Dental Caries was explained in other specific pathways: SES→UPF→Dental Caries (SCmodel1 = 0.009, SCmodel2 = 0.008, SCmodel3 = 0.009); SES→OHH→Dental Caries (SCmodel1 = 0.033, SCmodel2 = 0.033, SCmodel3 = 0.034); CRH→UPF→Dental Caries (SCmodel1 = 0.009, SCmodel2 = 0.008, SCmodel3 = 0.008); CRH→OHH→Dental Caries (SCmodel1 = 0.029, SCmodel2 = 0.027, SCmodel3 = 0.027). Dental caries prevention should include encouraging good OHH, healthy eating, and developing equitable public policies in middle and low-income countries like Brazil.

Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation Patient Assessment: Comprehensive Oral, Clinical Records and Behavior Evaluation.

Comprehensively evaluating molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) involves the integration of anamnesis and clinical data to diagnose, create a care plan, and predict prognoses. Anamnesis reveals relationships between defects and time, patient expectations, and impacts on the quality of life. Clinical studies emphasize posteruptive breakdown in yellow-brown opacities, highlighting the importance of identifying risk factors. The classification and recording of the clinical features associated with MIH are essential and allow for the longitudinal follow-up of the patient. Assessment of dental caries lesions, oral hygiene, and pain guides the care plan. Depending on the severity of MIH and associated symptoms, intraoral radiographs and cone beam computed tomography may be necessary. In cases of scheduled extractions, extraoral radiographs, photographs, and study models are indicated. Evaluations of the quality of life, aesthetic perception, and dental fear and anxiety provide valuable insights into the patient's emotional status and guide empathetic practice. A positive dental experience is based on communication with the patient, trust, and the proper use of behavior guidance techniques.

Assessment of oral hygiene and quality of life in rehabilitated patients with fixed parcial dentures.

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the influence of oral hygiene guidance for the maintenance of fixed partial dentures (FPD) and the influence of this treatment on the quality of life (QL) of rehabilitated patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and Bleeding on Probing Index (BOP) methods was employed to evaluate oral hygiene (OH), and the OHIP-14 questionnaire to assessment QL. The sample consisted of 33 patients (26 females and 7 males, mean age 51.53 years) in treatment with FPD. The OH and QL assessments were conducted in temporary FPD placing session and 30 days after definitive cementation. R e s u l t s: OHI-S and BOP showed increasing results (p <0.05) comparing initial and final assessments. There was a negative correlation between OHI-S and BOP, in both periods of analysis. The OHIP-14 showed a significant result according to the Likert scale scores, with an impact reduction from 9.33 to 0.57. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that FPD rehabilitations need of properly oral hygiene guidance, that could be influence on oral health status. In addition, the FPD rehabilitation improved the QL of the patients.

Carcinoma oral de células escamosas y su posible asociación con la higiene bucal / Oral squamous cell carcinoma and possible association with oral hygiene

El cáncer se caracteriza por la falta de diferenciación citológica, autonomía de la homeostasis local y general; el cáncer bucal ocupa el sexto sitio de frecuencia de todas las áreas del cuerpo. Alrededor de 90% de los tipos histológicos de cáncer en cavidad bucal corresponden a carcinoma bucal de células escamosas (COCE) (AU)

Cancer is characterized by a lack of cytological differentiation, autonomy of local and general homeostasis, and oral cancer ranks sixth frequency site of all areas of the body. About 90% of histologic types of oral cavity cancer are OSCC (AU)

Supportive periodontal care with or without subgingival instrumentation: Microbiological results of a 2-year randomized clinical trial.

AIM: To compare the subgingival microbiota of patients receiving supportive periodontal care (SPC) with and without subgingival instrumentation, over 2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a randomized clinical trial that included 62 participants (50.97 ± 9.26 years old; 40 females) who completed non-surgical periodontal therapy. Participants were randomly assigned to receive oral prophylaxis with oral hygiene instructions alone (test) or in combination with subgingival instrumentation (control) during SPC. Pooled subgingival biofilm samples were obtained from four sites per patient at SPC baseline and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for absolute quantification of Eubacteria and the target bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola. Data were analysed using generalized estimating equations, taking into consideration the clustering of observations within individuals. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the experimental groups regarding the mean counts of Eubacteria and target bacteria, as well as the periodontal parameters at the sampled sites. Although significant variability in bacterial counts was present during SPC, all counts after 2 years were not statistically different from those at baseline. Bacterial counts were associated with the presence of plaque, bleeding on probing, mean probing depth ≥3 mm, and follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: SPC with or without subgingival instrumentation can result in comparable subgingival microbiological outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01598155 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01598155?intr=supragingival%20control&rank=4#study-record-dates).

Oral Hygiene With Neutral Electrolyzed Water and Systemic Therapy Increases Gastric Helicobacter pylori Eradication and Reduces Recurrence.

OBJECTIVES: Helicobacter pylori gastric infection strongly correlates with gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, functional dyspepsia, and complications such as peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. In developing countries, systemic therapies are not usually successful due to elevated antibiotic resistance. Additionally, oral H. pylori infection and periodontal disease correlate with gastric treatment failures. This study aimed to explore the effect of an integral therapy, comprising oral hygiene and concomitant systemic treatment, to increase the eradication of gastric infection and recurrences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, four-arm, parallel-group, open-label clinical trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of integral therapy to eradicate gastric H. pylori infection and avoid recurrences in double-positive (real-time PCR oral and gastric infection) patients. Oral hygiene involved mouthwash with neutral electrolyzed water (NEW), with or without periodontal treatment. One hundred patients were equally distributed into four groups: NS, NS-PT, NEW, and NEW-PT. All patients had concomitant systemic therapy and additionally, the following oral treatments: mouthwash with normal saline (NS), periodontal treatment and mouthwash with normal saline (NS-PT), mouthwash with NEW (NEW), and periodontal treatment and mouthwash with NEW (NEW-PT). Gastric and oral infection and symptoms were evaluated one and four months after treatments. RESULTS: Integral therapy with NEW-PT increased gastric eradication rates compared with NS or NS-PT (84%-96% vs. 20%-56%; p < 0.001). Even more, a protective effect of 81.2% (RR = 0.1877; 95% CI: 0.0658-0.5355; p = 0.0018) against recurrences and 76.6% (RR = 0.2439; 95% CI: 0.1380-0.4310; p < 0.001) against treatment failure (eradication of infection and associated symptoms) was observed in patients from the NEW and NEW-PT groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of oral hygiene and systemic treatment can increase the eradication of gastric infection, associated symptoms, and recurrences. NEW is recommended as an antiseptic mouthwash due to its efficacy and short- and long-term safety.

Analysis of patients hospitalized by Covid-19 regarding oral care during hospitalization

Oral health interferes with the general condition of the individual, because the oral cavity is a gateway and habitat for pathogens, especially in hospitalized people. There are several diseases that directly interfere in the oral cavity, such as Covid 19. Studies report oral changes in patients infected by SARS-CoV2 and point to the need for satisfactory oral hygiene during hospitalization in order to avoid the occurrence of oral lesions that increase the risk for the individual. The objective of this research is to emphasize the importance of the dentist in hospitals, pointing out the oral diseases that can be caused by poor oral hygiene during hospitalization. For the execution of the work, a questionnaire was carried out with patients who were hospitalized in Covid-19, clarifying if, during the hospitalization period, these patients received help in oral hygiene and if they noticed oral changes. The results achieved are in accordance with the literature, taking into consideration the age range of those affected by covid, over 50 years old, and the length of hospitalization, ran-ging from 10 days. Many hospitals still neglect the dental service and the patient himself performs the oral hygiene. The most common lesions reported by those infected by the virus were taste alteration, xerostomia and thrush, besides caries and dental calculus. We concluded the relevance of the odontologist far beyond the prevention of lesions, but in contributing to the recovery of the individual and the importance of adopting measures for the oral adequacy of hospitalized patients. (AU)

Quality of life in children and adolescents with blood coagulation disorders and hemoglobinopathies.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of oral conditions and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children and adolescents with blood coagulation disorders and hemoglobinopathies (BCDH). The study was cross-sectional and included 61 individuals aged 2 to 18 years with BCDH. Exams for dental caries (dmft/DMFT index), oral hygiene (simplified oral hygiene index - OHI-S), and gingival health (modified gingival index - MGI) were performed. The pediatric quality of life inventory™ (PedsQL™) generic core scale and oral health scale were used to measure HRQoL and OHRQoL. Spearman's correlation coefficient (ρ) and the Mann-Whitney test (α = 0.05) were conducted to assess the relationship between covariates and the PedsQL™ oral health scale. The mean PedsQL™ oral health scale score was 76.66 (SD = 21.36). Worse OHRQoL was correlated with poor oral hygiene (ρ = -0.383; p: 0.004), poor gingival health (ρ = -0.327; p = 0.014), and better HRQoL (ρ = 0.488; p < 0.001). Greater untreated dental caries experience was associated with worse OHRQoL (p = 0.009). Worse oral health status in children and adolescents with BCDH negatively impacts OHRQoL, and OHRQoL and quality of life analyzed from a generic perspective are positively correlated constructs in this population.

Oral Health Knowledge and Oral Hygiene Habits in a Sample of 12-Year-Old Hispanics: A Cross-sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between hygiene knowledge and habits and gingivitis in Puerto Rican school children. METHODS: Questionnaires on oral health knowledge and hygiene habits were provided to almost half of the 12-year-olds who participated in an island-wide cross-sectional oral health study. The evaluations included gingival examinations in 2 quadrants. Odds ratios (ORs) (with 95% CIs) were computed using logistic regression models and oral health-related knowledge and hygiene habits to gingivitis. RESULTS: Of the 823 participants who completed the questionnaire 53.43% were female, and 81% had gingivitis. Most reported having received instructions on brushing (98%), flossing (89.5%), and using mouthwash (90%). The majority (75%) rated their gums as healthy, and 44.68% agreed that oral health affects general health. Nearly half (44%) reported brushing their teeth at least 2 times a day, and 80.25%, flossing daily. In multivariate analysis, not having been instructed on how to brush was related to greater odds of having gingivitis (OR: 7.32; 95% CI: 1.5-35.67). Flossing more than once a day was associated with half the odds of gingivitis (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.29-0.88). CONCLUSION: The children had knowledge of oral hygiene methods but were mostly unaware that gingival health could affect systemic health. Fewer than half reported brushing 2 or more times a day. Not having been instructed on how to brush was associated with higher odds of gingivitis.

Impact of Pregestational Obesity on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Brazilian Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study.

The oral health-related quality of life of pregnant women and its effects on health conditions are important topics to be investigated in scientific research. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of pre-pregnancy obesity on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in pregnant women. A prospective cohort study was carried out with 93 pregnant women who were evaluated in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy (T1) and after delivery (T2). The following were analyzed: dental caries (DMFT), OHRQoL (OHIP-14), anthropometric data (BMI), socioeconomic, demographic, oral hygiene behavioral habits and the use of dental services. Unadjusted and adjusted Poisson regression analyses were performed to determine the impact of predictors on OHRQoL. The results of the adjusted analysis showed lower education relative risk (RR) (1.37; 95%CI 1.02-1.83; <0.00), low income (RR 2.19; 95%CI 1.63-2.93; <0.00) and higher BMI pre-pregnancy (RR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.04; <0.00) were associated with worse OHRQoL in postpartum pregnant women. Flossing was a predictor of better OHRQoL at T2 (RR 0.73; 95%CI 0.57-0.93; <0.01). Higher BMI, low education, low income and inadequate oral hygiene habits were predictors of worse OHRQOL of pregnant women after the birth of the baby.

Formulation and assessment of biological properties of garcinia indica fruit extract mouthrinse as an adjunct to oral hygiene regimen: an in vitro analysis.

The prevalence of gingivitis is substantial within the general population, necessitating rigorous oral hygiene maintenance. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed a Garcinia indica (GI) fruit extract-based mouthrinse, comparing it to a 0.1% turmeric mouthrinse and a 0.2% Chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse. The evaluation encompassed substantivity, staining potential, antimicrobial efficacy and cytocompatibility. METHODOLOGY: The study employed 182 tooth sections. For antimicrobial analysis, 64 extracted human teeth coated with a polymicrobial biofilm were divided into four groups, each receiving an experimental mouthrinse or serving as a control group with distilled water. Microbial reduction was assessed through colony forming units (CFU). Substantivity was evaluated on 54 human tooth sections using a UV spectrophotometer, while staining potential was examined on 64 tooth sections. Cytocompatibility was tested using colorimetric assay to determine non-toxic levels of 0.2% GI fruit extract, 0.1% Turmeric, and 0.2% CHX. RESULTS: Data were analysed with one-way ANOVA (α=0.05). Cell viability was highly significant (p<0.001) in the 0.2% GI group (64.1±0.29) compared to 0.1% Turmeric (40.2±0.34) and 0.2% CHX (10.95±1.40). For antimicrobial activity, both 0.2% GI (20.18±4.81) and 0.2% CHX (28.22±5.41) exhibited no significant difference (P>0.05) at end of 12 hours. However, 0.1% Turmeric showed minimal CFU reduction (P<0.001). Substantivity results at 360 minutes indicated statistically significant higher mean release rate in 0.1%Turmeric (12.47±5.84 ) when compared to 0.2% GI (5.02±3.04) and 0.2% CHX (4.13±2.25) (p<0.001). The overall discoloration changes (∆E) were more prominent in the 0.2% CHX group (18.65±8.3) compared to 0.2% GI (7.61±2.4) and 0.1% Turmeric (7.32±4.9) (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study supports 0.2% GI and 0.1% Turmeric mouth rinses as potential natural alternatives to chemical mouth rinses. These findings highlight viability of these natural supplements in oral healthcare.

Association between socioeconomic factors, attitudes and beliefs regarding the primary dentition and caries in children aged 1-5 years of Brazilian and Colombian parents.

AIM: To compare how parents' attitudes, knowledge, and sociodemographic characteristics influence untreated early childhood caries in infants and preschoolers in Brazil and Colombia. BACKGROUND: Dental caries is a prevalent chronic disease affecting children worldwide. However, little research has explored the connection between parents' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about oral health and the occurrence of dental caries in their children's primary teeth. MATERIALS: Oral health information was evaluated in children aged 3 to 5 years with a questionnaire covering sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables, family information and questions about health knowledge and child's and parents' oral health. In addition, oral examinations have been carried out to determine the prevalence of untreated dental caries. A p-value of 0.05 and 95% reliability level were considered statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Untreated caries in infants and preschoolers are influenced by socioeconomic status, maternal education, sugar consumption, oral hygiene, and parents' beliefs about primary dentition.

Manejo odontológico de una paciente con síndrome de Apert / Dental management of a patient with Apert syndrome

El síndrome de Apert, marcado por la acrocéfalo-sindactilia, es una condición genética que genera deformidades dentofaciales incluyendo craneosinostosis, alteraciones faciales y malformaciones en extremidades. La mutación en el gen FGFR2, ya sea heredada o resultante de mutaciones esporádicas, desencadena esta compleja condición. La relevancia de abordar el síndrome de Apert se manifiesta no sólo en las implicaciones estéticas, sino también en su impacto en la salud oral. Romper con los paradigmas odontológicos actuales implica reconocer las particularidades de estos pacientes y proporcionar una atención especializada. La necesidad de una capacitación específica para los profesionales de la salud oral es evidente, permitiendo un enfoque integral que aborde la prevención y el tratamiento de las malformaciones craneofaciales asociadas. Superar los desafíos tradicionales implica adoptar una perspectiva inclusiva y personalizada en la atención odontológica. Esto no sólo mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes con síndrome de Apert, sino que también destaca la importancia de una atención adaptada que trascienda los límites convencionales, ofreciendo soluciones innovadoras para las complejidades bucodentales asociadas a esta condición genética (AU)

Apert syndrome, marked by acrocephalosyndactyly, is a genetic condition that generates dentofacial deformities, including craniosynostosis, facial alterations and limb malformations. Mutation in the FGFR2 gene, whether inherited or resulting from sporadic mutations, triggers this complex condition. The relevance of addressing Apert syndrome is manifested not only in the aesthetic implications, but also in its impact on oral health. Breaking with current dental paradigms involves recognizing the particularities of these patients and providing specialized care. The need for specific training for dental health professionals is evident, allowing a comprehensive approach that addresses the prevention and treatment of associated craniofacial malformations. Overcoming traditional challenges means taking an inclusive and personalized perspective on dental care. This not only improves the quality of life of patients with Apert syndrome, but also highlights the importance of tailored care that transcends conventional boundaries, offering innovative solutions for the oral complexities associated with this genetic conditio (AU)