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1.
Rev. Flum. Odontol. (Online) ; 2(67): 88-105, mai-ago.2025. ilus
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1573152

RESUMO

Este trabalho, partindo do tema elaborado, levantou o seguinte problema: As propriedades e vantagens estudadas nas membranas de Hidrogel, se faz desse material eficaz no tratamento dos tecidos periodontais na doença periodontal. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico sobre as propriedades e vantagens do uso de membranas de Hidrogel na Regeneração Óssea Guiada nos casos da perda óssea e a recessão gengival associada à Doença Periodontal. O uso de membrana para Regeneração Óssea Guiada (ROG) é um componente essencial do tratamento de doenças periodontais e na regeneração óssea. Neste caso, discutiremos as propriedades dos hidrogéis e seus benefícios e limitações nessa área. Apesar dos desafios significativos existentes, a regeneração óssea baseada em hidrogel é uma grande promessa para o futuro tratamento de doenças e defeitos relacionados aos ossos. Com uma compreensão aprofundada os hidrogéis serão, sem dúvida, uma ferramenta poderosa para o tratamento clínico de defeitos ósseos no futuro.


This study, based on the topic elaborated, raised the following problem: The properties and advantages studied in Hydrogel membranes and if this material can be effective in the treatment of periodontal tissues in periodontal disease. The objective of this work was to perform a bibliographic survey on the properties and advantages of using Hydrogel membranes in Guided Bone Regeneration in cases of bone loss and gingival recession associated with Periodontal Disease. The use of Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) membrane is an essential component of the treatment of periodontal diseases and bone regeneration. In this case, we discussed the properties of hydrogels and their benefits and limitations in this area. Despite significant challenges, the hydrogel-based bone regeneration holds great promise for the future treatment of bone-related diseases and defects. With in-depth understanding, hydrogels will undoubtedly be a powerful tool for clinical treatment of bone defects in the future.


Assuntos
Doenças Periodontais , Regeneração Óssea , Hidrogéis , Membranas
2.
J Photochem Photobiol B ; 260: 113040, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39388731

RESUMO

Cellular therapy using adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (at-MSCs) has garnered attention for the treatment of bone defects. Therefore, preconditioning strategies to enhance the osteogenic potential of at-MSCs could optimize cell therapy outcomes, and photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has emerged as an effective, noninvasive, and low-cost alternative. This study explored the impacts of PBM on at-MSCs differentiation and the subsequent repair of bone defects treated with cell injection. Rat at-MSCs were cultured and irradiated (at-MSCsPBM) following the PBM protocol (660 nm; 20 mW; 0.714 W/cm2; 0.14 J; 5 J/cm2). Cellular differentiation was assessed based on the expression of gene and protein markers. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using fluorescence. At-MSCsPBM were injected into 5-mm calvarial lesions, and bone formation was analyzed using micro-CT and histological evaluations. At-MSCs were used as control. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA or t-test. At-MSCsPBM exhibited high levels of gene and protein runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (Alp) expression. PBM increased ALP activity and significantly reduced ROS levels. In addition, PBM increased the expression of Wnt pathway-associated genes. In vivo, there was an increase in the morphometric parameters, including bone volume, percentage of bone volume, bone surface area, and trabecular number, in at-MSCsPBM-treated defects compared with those in the control. These findings suggest that PBM enhances the osteogenic potential of at-MSCs, thereby supporting the advancement of improved cellular therapies for bone regeneration.


Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo , Regeneração Óssea , Diferenciação Celular , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Osteoblastos , Osteogênese , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos da radiação , Ratos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/efeitos da radiação , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteoblastos/efeitos da radiação , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteogênese/efeitos da radiação , Tecido Adiposo/citologia , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos da radiação , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos da radiação , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa 1 de Fator de Ligação ao Core/genética , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Células Cultivadas , Masculino , Microtomografia por Raio-X
3.
Clin Oral Investig ; 28(10): 556, 2024 Sep 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39327318

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of ozone therapy in guided bone regeneration (GBR) for critical size calvarial defects in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 96 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6 each). An 8 mm critical defect was created in the calvaria of each rat. The groups were: BIO (porcine collagen membrane, BioGide®), BIO + OZ (membrane with systemic ozone therapy every 2 days), COA + OZ (blood clot with ozone therapy), and COA (blood clot only). Evaluations at 7, 15, 30, and 60 days included histological, histomorphometric, inflammatory profile, Micro-CT, and immunohistochemical analyses. Statistical analysis involved two-factor ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test for general data, and one-factor ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post-hoc test for Micro-CT data. RESULTS: The BIO + OZ group demonstrated superior bone regeneration with well-organized, mature bone tissue and significant bone formation at 30 and 60 days. The COA + OZ group showed early angiogenesis and reduced inflammation, resulting in complete defect closure by 30 days. The BIO group had good regeneration, but less mature tissue compared to BIO + OZ. The COA group exhibited limited bone formation and higher porosity. CONCLUSION: Ozone therapy positively influences bone regeneration by enhancing cell proliferation and the healing response. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Improving regenerative processes with auxiliary therapies like ozone therapy can be significant for advancing dental reconstructions.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada , Imuno-Histoquímica , Ozônio , Ratos Wistar , Crânio , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Animais , Ozônio/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Masculino , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada/métodos , Colágeno , Membranas Artificiais
4.
Tissue Eng Part C Methods ; 30(11): 533-546, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39311460

RESUMO

This study evaluated the efficacy of synthetic bone blocks, composed of hydroxyapatite (HA) or ß-tricalcium phosphate (B-TCP), which were produced by additive manufacturing and used for the repair of critical size bone defects (CSDs) in rat calvaria. Sixty rats were divided into five groups (n = 12): blood clot (CONTROL), 3D-printed HA (HA), 3D-printed ß-TCP (B-TCP), 3D-printed HA + autologous micrograft (HA+RIG), and 3D-printed ß-TCP + autologous micrograft (B-TCP+RIG). CSDs were surgically created in the parietal bone and treated with the respective biomaterials. The animals were euthanized at 30 and 60 days postsurgery for microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analysis to assess new bone formation. Micro-CT analysis showed that both biomaterials were incorporated into the animals' calvaria. The HA+RIG group, especially at 60 days, exhibited a significant increase in bone formation compared with the control. The use of 3D-printed bioceramics resulted in thinner trabeculae but a higher number of trabeculae compared with the control. Histomorphometric analysis showed bone islands in close contact with the B-TCP and HA blocks at 30 days. The HA blocks (HA and HA+RIG groups) showed statistically higher new bone formation values with further improvement when autologous micrografts were included. Immunohistochemical analysis showed the expression of bone repair proteins. At 30 days, the HA+RIG group had moderate Osteopontin (OPN) staining, indicating that the repair process had started, whereas other groups showed no staining. At 60 days, the HA+RIG group showed slight staining, similar to that of the control. Osteocalcin (OCN) staining, indicating osteoblastic activity, showed moderate expression in the HA and HA+RIG groups at 30 days, with slight expression in the B-TCP and B-TCP+RIG groups. The combination of HA blocks with autologous micrografts significantly enhanced bone repair, suggesting that the presence of progenitor cells and growth factors in the micrografts contributed to the improved outcomes. It was concluded that 3D-printed bone substitute blocks, associated with autologous micrografts, are highly effective in promoting bone repair in CSDs in rat calvaria.


Assuntos
Fosfatos de Cálcio , Impressão Tridimensional , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Fosfatos de Cálcio/farmacologia , Fosfatos de Cálcio/química , Substitutos Ósseos/farmacologia , Substitutos Ósseos/química , Durapatita/farmacologia , Durapatita/química , Crânio/patologia , Crânio/efeitos dos fármacos , Crânio/diagnóstico por imagem , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
5.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater ; 160: 106717, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39243571

RESUMO

Calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds doping with therapeutic ions are one of the focuses of recent bone tissue engineering research. Among the therapeutic ions, strontium stands out for its role in bone remodeling. This work reports a simple method to produce Sr-doped 3D-printed CaP scaffolds, using Sr-doping to induce partial phase transformation from ß-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP) to hydroxyapatite (HA), resulting in a doped biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffold. Strontium carbonate (SrCO3) was incorporated in the formulation of the 3D-printing ink, studying ß-TCP:SrO mass ratios of 100:0, 95:5, and 90:10 (named as ß-TCP, ß-TCP/5-Sr, and ß-TCP/10-Sr, respectively). Adding SrCO3 in the 3D-printing ink led to a slight increase in viscosity but did not affect its printability, resulting in scaffolds with a high printing fidelity compared to the computational design. Interestingly, Sr was incorporated into the lattice structure of the scaffolds, forming hydroxyapatite (HA). No residual SrO or SrCO3 were observed in the XRD patterns of any composition, and HA was the majority phase of the ß-TCP/10-Sr scaffolds. The addition of Sr increased the compression strength of the scaffolds, with both ß-TCP/5-Sr and ß-TCP/10-Sr performing better than the ß-TCP. Overall, ß-TCP/5-Sr presented higher mineralized nodules and mechanical strength, while ß-TCP scaffolds presented superior cell viability. The incorporation of SrCO3 in the ink formulation is a viable method to obtain Sr-BCP scaffolds. Thus, this approach could be explored with other CaP scaffolds aiming to optimize their performance and the addition of alternative therapeutic ions.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Hidroxiapatitas , Impressão Tridimensional , Estrôncio , Alicerces Teciduais , Estrôncio/química , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Hidroxiapatitas/química , Fosfatos de Cálcio/química , Engenharia Tecidual , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia
6.
J Oral Implantol ; 50(5): 514-518, 2024 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39158854

RESUMO

Guided bone regeneration involving the use of titanium mesh and platelet-rich fibrin could be a feasible approach in cases of severely atrophic ridges. The purpose of this case report was to present an esthetic and functional rehabilitation in the anterior maxilla with the installation of dental implants in conjunction with guided bone regeneration using titanium mesh and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). A 60-year-old patient presented bone atrophy and partial edentulism in the anterior maxilla. After clinical and cone beam computed tomography assessment, guided bone regeneration was planned using a titanium mesh and A-PRF with xenograft bone. After 8 months of healing, the dental implants were placed with the aid of a surgical guide to obtain accurate 3-dimensional positioning. Prosthetic rehabilitation was carried out with individualized crowns. After 2 years of follow-up, radiographic analysis demonstrated a good quality and density of the bone tissue adjacent to the dental implants. No radiolucent areas were observed, and there were no clinical signs of failure. In cases of severe atrophy, using a titanium mesh and A-PRF proved to be a feasible alternative for bone reconstruction prior to dental implant placement. This approach can aid dental professionals in achieving an ideal implant positioning for rehabilitation with individualized crowns.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Maxila , Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas , Telas Cirúrgicas , Titânio , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Maxila/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos , Coroas , Masculino , Implantes Dentários , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada Periodontal/métodos , Arcada Parcialmente Edêntula/reabilitação , Arcada Parcialmente Edêntula/cirurgia , Feminino
7.
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed ; 35(17): 2597-2610, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39140253

RESUMO

Bone defects and injuries are common, and better solutions are needed for improved regeneration and osseointegration. Bioresorbable membranes hold great potential in bone tissue engineering due to their high surface area and versatility. In this context, polymers such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) can be combined with osteoconductive materials like hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles (NPs) to create membranes with enhanced bioactivity and bone regeneration. Rotary Jet spinning (RJS) is a powerful technique to produce these composite membranes. This study presents an innovative and efficient method to obtain PLGA-HA(NPs) membranes with continuous fibers containing homogeneous HA(NPs) distribution. The membranes demonstrated stable thermal degradation, allowing HA(NPs) quantification. In addition, the PLGA-HA(NPs) presented osteoconductivity, were not cytotoxic, and had high cell adhesion when cultured with pre-osteoblastic cells. These findings demonstrate the potential of RJS to produce PLGA-HA(NPs) membranes for easy and effective application in bone regeneration.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Durapatita , Ácido Láctico , Membranas Artificiais , Ácido Poliglicólico , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Durapatita/química , Animais , Camundongos , Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Ácido Láctico/química , Ácido Láctico/farmacologia , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Nanopartículas/química , Linhagem Celular , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Engenharia Tecidual
8.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 20223, 2024 08 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39215050

RESUMO

Large bone defects are a significant health problem today with various origins, including extensive trauma, tumours, or congenital musculoskeletal disorders. Tissue engineering, and in particular bone tissue engineering, aims to respond to this demand. As such, we propose a specific model based on Elastin-Like Recombinamers-based click-chemistry hydrogels given their high biocompatibility and their potent on bone regeneration effect conferred by different bioactive sequences. In this work we demonstrate, using biochemistry, histology, histomorphometry and imaging techniques, the biocompatibility of our matrix and its potent effect on bone regeneration in a model of bone parietal lesion in female New Zealand rabbits.


Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Regeneração Óssea , Elastina , Hidrogéis , Engenharia Tecidual , Animais , Feminino , Coelhos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Química Click/métodos , Elastina/química , Hidrogéis/química , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Alicerces Teciduais/química
9.
Braz J Biol ; 84: e279967, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39140500

RESUMO

Scaffolds are 3D biomaterials that provide an environment for cell regeneration. In the context of bone remodeling, poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) combined with graphene has been developed as the scaffold. It is imperative for scaffolds to possess antibacterial properties in order to properly reduce the risk of potential infections.Therefore, this study aims to analyze the antibacterial characteristics of PCL/graphene scaffolds against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in vitro. In this study, five different groups were used, including PCL (K-), Amoxicillin (K+), PCL/Graphene 0.5 wt%, PCL/graphene 1 wt% and PCL/Graphene 1.5 wt%. All experiments were performed in triplicates and were repeated three times, and the diffusion method by Kirby-Bauer test was used. The disc was incubated with S. aureus and P. gingivalis for 24 hours and then the diameter of the inhibition zone was measured. The results showed that the PCL/graphene scaffolds exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. gingivalis. The inhibition zone diameter (IZD) against S. aureus of PCL/graphene 1 wt% was 9.53 ± 0.74 mm, and increased to 11.93 ± 0.92 mm at a concentration of 1.5 wt% of graphene. The PCL/graphene scaffold with 1.5 wt% exhibited a greater inhibitory effect, with an IZD of 12.56 ± 0.06 mm against P. gingivalis, while the inhibitory activity of the 1 wt% variant was relatively lower at 10.46 ± 0.24 mm. The negative control, PCL, and PCL/graphene 0.5 wt% exhibited no antibacterial activity sequentially (p = 1). Scaffolds of poly(e-caprolactone)/graphene exhibited an antibacterial activity at 1, and 1.5 wt% on S. aureus and P. gingivalis. The antibacterial properties of this scaffold make it a promising candidate for regenerating bone tissue.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Grafite , Poliésteres , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Staphylococcus aureus , Alicerces Teciduais , Grafite/química , Grafite/farmacologia , Porphyromonas gingivalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Poliésteres/química , Poliésteres/farmacologia , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
10.
J Appl Oral Sci ; 32: e20230442, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39109750

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: A combination of peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) and platelet rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) could be a probable periodontal regenerative material with the synergy of the added benefits of each material. This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the regenerative capacity of supercell (PRFM and PBMSCs) compared with that of PRFM alone in human periodontal mandibular intraosseous defects (IOD). METHODOLOGY: This study included 17 patients of both sexes (12 men, 5 women) aged 30-55 years (mean age = 37.7±4.4 years) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria (radiographic and clinical evaluation for bilateral IOD with probing pocket depth (PPD ≥ 6 mm). A split-mouth design was used in each patient. A total of 34 sites in the mandibular arch randomly received PRFM alone + open flap debridement (OFD) [Control sites] or supercell (PRFM+PBMSCs) + OFD [Test sites]. The clinical parameters plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), and in the radiographic parameters; defect depth (DD) and defect fill percentage (DFP) were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Early wound healing index (EHI) was used at 1 week to assess wound healing ability. RESULTS: At 6 months, radiographic parameters revealed significant reduction in DD (P<0.001) and significant DFP values in the test group compared with the control group. The supercell showed significant improvement in PPD and CAL at the end of 6 months (P<0.001). EHI scores at 1 week showed no statistically significant difference between the test and control groups. CONCLUSION: Supercell can be considered a regenerative material in the treatment of periodontal IODs.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada Periodontal/métodos , Perda do Osso Alveolar/terapia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/cirurgia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Valores de Referência , Índice Periodontal , Índice de Placa Dentária , Cicatrização/fisiologia
11.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater ; 112(9): e35467, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39180195

RESUMO

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the carbon fiber obtained from textile PAN fiber, in its different forms, as a potential scaffolds synthetic bone. Thirty-four adult rats were used (Rattus norvegicus, albinus variation), two critical sized bone defects were made that were 5 mm in diameter. Twenty-four animals were randomly divided into four groups: control (C)-bone defect + blood clot, non-activated carbon fiber felt (NACFF)-bone defect + NACFF, activated carbon fiber felt (ACFF)-bone defect + ACFF, and silver activated carbon fiber felt (Ag-ACFF)-bone defect + Ag-ACFF, and was observed by 15 and 60 days for histomorphometric, three-dimensional computerized microtomography (microCT) and mineral apposition analysis. On histomorphometric and microCT analyses, NACFF were associated with higher proportion of neoformed bone and maintenance of bone structure. On fluorochrome bone label, there was no differences between the groups. NACFF has shown to be a promising synthetic material as a scaffold for bone regeneration.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Fibra de Carbono , Carbono , Alicerces Teciduais , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Animais , Ratos , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Carbono/química , Fibra de Carbono/química , Masculino , Têxteis , Brasil , Teste de Materiais , Ratos Wistar
12.
Rev. Ateneo Argent. Odontol ; 70(1): 66-72, jul. 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1572079

RESUMO

Este estudio aborda la viabilidad y los retos inherentes al uso de barreras de polímeros impresos en 3D para la regeneración ósea guiada (en adelante, ROG) en procedimientos de implantología dental. A través del análisis exhaustivo de investigaciones y aplicaciones clínicas actuales, se evalúa detalladamente la biocompatibilidad, la funcionalidad estructural y las respuestas biológicas inducidas por estas barreras innovadoras en entornos terapéuticos. Este enfoque permite una comprensión más profunda de las interacciones osteointegrativas y las perspectivas de adaptabilidad tisular asociadas con materiales poliméricos avanzados (AU)


This scholarly investigation delineates the efficacy and inherent challenges of utilizing 3D printed polymer barriers for guided bone regeneration (GBR) in dental implantology procedures. An extensive review of current research and clinical implementations provides a critical assessment of biocompatibility, structural functionality, and the biological responses elicited by these innovative barriers within therapeutic contexts. The study delves into the osteointegrative interactions and tissue adaptability prospects facilitated by advanced polymeric materials, offering significant insights into their clinical utility.(AU)


Assuntos
Polímeros , Regeneração Óssea , Impressão Tridimensional/tendências , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Osseointegração/fisiologia , Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos
13.
Acta Cir Bras ; 39: e393724, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39016360

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate collagen fibers during the bone repair process in critical defects created in the tibias of rats, treated with zoledronic acid (AZ) associated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT). METHODS: Ten rats were distributed according to treatment: group 1) saline solution; group 2) LLLT; group 3) AZ; group 4) AZ and LLLT. AZ was administered at the dose of 0.035 mg/kg at fortnightly intervals over eight weeks. Next, 2-mm bone defects were created in the tibias of all animals. The bone defects in groups 2 and 4 were irradiated LLLT in the immediate postoperative period. After periods 14 and 28 of application, the animals were euthanized, and birefringence analysis was performed. RESULTS: Approximately 90% of the total area was occupied by collagen fibers within the red color spectrum, this area being statistically larger in relation to the area occupied by collagen fibers within the green and yellow spectrum, in the four groups. Over the 14-day period, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In the 28-day period, group 2 (14.02 ± 15.9%) was superior in quantifying green birefringent fibers compared to group 1 (3.06 ± 3.24%), with p = 0.009. CONCLUSIONS: LLLT associated with ZA is effective in stimulating the neoformation of collagen fibers. The LLLT group without the association with ZA showed a greater amount of immature and less organized matrix over a period of 28 days.


Assuntos
Conservadores da Densidade Óssea , Colágeno , Difosfonatos , Imidazóis , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Ratos Wistar , Ácido Zoledrônico , Animais , Ácido Zoledrônico/farmacologia , Ácido Zoledrônico/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Imidazóis/farmacologia , Difosfonatos/farmacologia , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/farmacologia , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Colágeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Colágeno/efeitos da radiação , Masculino , Tíbia/efeitos dos fármacos , Tíbia/efeitos da radiação , Tíbia/cirurgia , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos da radiação , Fatores de Tempo , Ratos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
14.
Biomed Mater ; 19(5)2024 Jul 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38986475

RESUMO

Bioactive and biodegradable scaffolds that mimic the natural extracellular matrix of bone serve as temporary structures to guide new bone tissue growth. In this study, 3D-printed scaffolds composed of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) (90-10 wt.%) were modified with 1%, 5%, and 10 wt.% of ZnO to enhance bone tissue regeneration. A commercial chain extender named Joncryl was incorporated alongside ZnO to ensure the printability of the composites. Filaments were manufactured using a twin-screw extruder and subsequently used to print 3D scaffolds via fused filament fabrication (FFF). The scaffolds exhibited a homogeneous distribution of ZnO and TCP particles, a reproducible structure with 300 µm pores, and mechanical properties suitable for bone tissue engineering, with an elastic modulus around 100 MPa. The addition of ZnO resulted in enhanced surface roughness on the scaffolds, particularly for ZnO microparticles, achieving values up to 241 nm. This rougher topography was responsible for enhancing protein adsorption on the scaffolds, with an increase of up to 85% compared to the PLA-TCP matrix. Biological analyses demonstrated that the presence of ZnO promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and differentiation into osteoblasts. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, an important indicator of early osteogenic differentiation, increased up to 29%. The PLA-TCP composite containing 5% ZnO microparticles exhibited an optimized degradation rate and enhanced bioactivity, indicating its promising potential for bone repair applications.


Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Regeneração Óssea , Fosfatos de Cálcio , Diferenciação Celular , Proliferação de Células , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Osteoblastos , Poliésteres , Impressão Tridimensional , Engenharia Tecidual , Alicerces Teciduais , Óxido de Zinco , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Fosfatos de Cálcio/química , Poliésteres/química , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Óxido de Zinco/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Teste de Materiais , Osso e Ossos , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada/métodos , Humanos , Animais , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Módulo de Elasticidade , Porosidade , Propriedades de Superfície
15.
Acta Cir Bras ; 39: e392824, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39046039

RESUMO

PURPOSE: to evaluate biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of hydroxyapatite/alginate composite after its implantation on rat calvarian critical bone defect. METHODS: thirty adults male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into two groups: GHA - critical bone defect filled with hydroxyapatite/alginate composite granules (HA/Alg) and CG - critical bone defect without biomaterial; evaluated at biological points of 15, 45 and 120 days. RESULTS: the histomorphometrically analyses for GHA showed osteoid matrix deposition (OM) among the granules and towards the center of the defect in centripetal direction throughout the study, with evident new bone formation at 120 days, resulting in filling 4/5 of the initial bone defect. For CG, this finding was restricted to the edges of the bone margins and formation of connective tissue on the residual area was found in all biological points. Inflammatory response on GHA was chronic granulomatous type, discrete and regressive for all biological points. Throughout the study, the CG presented mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate diffuse and regressive. Histomorphometry analyses showed that OM percentage was evident for GHA group when compared to CG group in all analyzed periods (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: the biomaterial evaluated at this study showed to be biocompatible, bioactive, osteoconductive and biodegradable synchronously with bone formation.


Assuntos
Alginatos , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Regeneração Óssea , Substitutos Ósseos , Durapatita , Teste de Materiais , Ratos Wistar , Animais , Masculino , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Alginatos/farmacologia , Durapatita/farmacologia , Durapatita/uso terapêutico , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Distribuição Aleatória , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteogênese/fisiologia , Ácidos Hexurônicos/farmacologia , Ácido Glucurônico/farmacologia , Crânio/cirurgia , Crânio/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Tempo , Ratos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
16.
Molecules ; 29(14)2024 Jul 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39064841

RESUMO

Bone tissue engineering is a promising alternative to repair wounds caused by cellular or physical accidents that humans face daily. In this sense, the search for new graphene oxide (GO) nanofillers related to their degree of oxidation is born as an alternative bioactive component in forming new scaffolds. In the present study, three different GOs were synthesized with varying degrees of oxidation and studied chemically and tissue-wise. The oxidation degree was determined through infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). The morphology of the samples was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The oxygen content was deeply described using the deconvolution of RS and XPS techniques. The latter represents the oxidation degree for each of the samples and the formation of new bonds promoted by the graphitization of the material. In the RS, two characteristic bands were observed according to the degree of oxidation and the degree of graphitization of the material represented in bands D and G with different relative intensities, suggesting that the samples have different crystallite sizes. This size was described using the Tuinstra-Koenig model, ranging between 18.7 and 25.1 nm. Finally, the bone neoformation observed in the cranial defects of critical size indicates that the F1 and F2 samples, besides being compatible and resorbable, acted as a bridge for bone healing through regeneration. This promoted healing by restoring bone and tissue structure without triggering a strong immune response.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Grafite , Engenharia Tecidual , Alicerces Teciduais , Grafite/química , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Animais , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Nanoestruturas/química , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Análise Espectral Raman , Oxirredução , Difração de Raios X , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Ratos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier
17.
Clin Oral Investig ; 28(7): 414, 2024 Jul 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38965076

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The search to optimize the healing and bone repair processes in oral and maxillofacial surgeries reflects the constant evolution in clinical practice, driven by the demand for increasingly satisfactory results and the need to minimize postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Platelet and Leukocyte Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) in the healing and bone repair process in oral and maxillofacial surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The systematic review protocol for this study included the definition of the research question, the domain of the study, the databases searched, the search strategy, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the types of studies to be included, the measures of effect, the methods for screening, data extraction and analysis, and the approach to data synthesis. Systematic literature searches were carried out on Cochrane databases, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase and Google Scholar. RESULTS: The strategic search in the databases identified 1,159 studies. After removing the duplicates with the Rayyan© software, 946 articles remained. Of these, 30 met the inclusion criteria. After careful evaluation based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 studies were considered highly relevant and included in the systematic review. CONCLUSION: Platelet and Leukocyte Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) has a positive effect on the healing process and bone repair in oral and maxillofacial surgeries.


Assuntos
Leucócitos , Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas , Cicatrização , Humanos , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Bucais/métodos , Regeneração Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos
18.
Small ; 20(44): e2402419, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39004887

RESUMO

This study focuses on designing and evaluating scaffolds with essential properties for bone regeneration, such as biocompatibility, macroporous geometry, mechanical strength, and magnetic responsiveness. The scaffolds are made using 3D printing with acrylic resin and iron oxides synthesized through solution combustion. Utilizing triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) geometry and mask stereolithography (MSLA) printing, the scaffolds achieve precise geometrical features. The mechanical properties are enhanced through resin curing, and magnetite particles from synthesized nanoparticles and alluvial magnetite are added for magnetic properties. The scaffolds show a balance between stiffness, porosity, and magnetic responsiveness, with maximum compression strength between 4.8 and 9.2 MPa and Young's modulus between 58 and 174 MPa. Magnetic properties such as magnetic coercivity, remanence, and saturation are measured, with the best results from scaffolds containing synthetic iron oxides at 1% weight. The viscosity of the mixtures used for printing is between 350 and 380 mPas, and contact angles between 90° and 110° are achieved. Biocompatibility tests indicate the potential for clinical trials, though further research is needed to understand the impact of magnetic properties on cellular interactions and optimize scaffold design for specific applications. This integrated approach offers a promising avenue for the development of advanced materials capable of promoting enhanced bone regeneration.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Impressão Tridimensional , Alicerces Teciduais , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Porosidade , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Humanos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Compostos Férricos/química , Fenômenos Magnéticos , Animais , Magnetismo
19.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res ; 26(4): 787-794, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39031555

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histomorphometric and computerized microtomographic (Micro-CT) analysis of the regenerated bone tissue from maxillary sinus augmentation surgery, with and without using the collagen membrane on the external osteotomy window. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients were selected for this prospective, controlled, and randomized study. The patients were submitted to bilateral maxillary sinus surgery in a split-mouth design. On the test side, the maxillary sinus augmentation procedure included using Geistlich Bio-Oss® and a Geistlich Bio-Gide® collagen membrane covering the lateral osteotomy window. On the control side, only Geistlich Bio-Oss® was used without the presence of the membrane. After 6 months, the surgeries for implant installation were performed. In this surgical phase, specimens of the regenerated tissue were collected for histological and Micro-CT analysis. RESULTS: In the histomorphometric evaluation, the mean (±SD) percentages of newly formed bone were 43.9% (±11.5) and 40.8% (±8.9) in the test and control groups, respectively. The corresponding values of the Micro-CT analysis were 36.6% (±3.4) and 37.2% (±4.7) in the test and control groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the test and control groups in the two methods. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean percentage of biomaterial remaining between the test and control groups. However, the mean percentage of newly formed bone was significantly higher and the mean percentage of remaining biomaterial was significantly lower in the histomorphometric analysis compared to the values obtained through microtomography. CONCLUSION: The additional use of collagen membranes in maxillary sinus surgery does not offer advantages in newly formed bone.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Colágeno , Levantamento do Assoalho do Seio Maxilar , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Humanos , Levantamento do Assoalho do Seio Maxilar/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Prospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Minerais , Membranas Artificiais , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Seio Maxilar/cirurgia , Seio Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Seio Maxilar/patologia , Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos
20.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(3): 698-708, jun. 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1564638

RESUMO

SUMMARY: Tissue engineering aims to fabricate a scaffold that exhibits a suitable surface topography for a desired cellular response. Therefore, a study analyzing the characteristics of bone grafts is important for future research directions. This work aims to analyze the physical-chemical characteristics of commercially available bone grafts of human and bovine origin for dental use, using morphological analysis of the surface and chemical composition by variable pressure scanning electron microscope (VP-SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrometry. In addition, pore diameter and surface area were analyzed by degassing method using a porosimeter, and particle size by laser diffraction. The analyzed allograft and xenograft particles differ in morphological characteristics and chemical composition. The allograft particles present a cuboidal and prismatic geometric morphology with angled edges and the absence of macropores. On the contrary, the xenograft particles present an irregular morphology with macropores in their structure. There is a statistically significant difference in C, P, and Ca between the xenograft and allografts (p < 0,05). The analyzed composition of allografts showed mainly the presence of C and O. In contrast, the composition of the xenograft was mainly Ca. These differences could influence the osteogenic properties of allografts and xenografts. This analysis provides basic information to understand the physicochemical properties of allografts and xenografts that facilitate cell-graft interaction.


La ingeniería de tejidos tiene como objetivo fabricar un andamio que muestre una topografía de superficie adecuada para una respuesta celular deseada. Por tanto, un estudio que analice las características de los injertos óseos es importante para futuros enfoques de investigación. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las características físico-químicas de injertos óseos de origen humano y bovino disponibles comercialmente para uso odontológico, mediante análisis morfológico de la superficie y composición química mediante microscopio electrónico de barrido de presión variable (VP-SEM) y x-dispersivo de energía. espectrometría de rayos (EDX). Además, el diámetro de los poros y el área superficial se analizaron mediante el método de desgasificación utilizando un porosímetro y el tamaño de las partículas mediante difracción láser. Las partículas de aloinjerto y xenoinjerto analizadas difieren en características morfológicas y composición química. Las partículas del aloinjerto presentan una morfología geométrica cúbica y prismática con bordes angulados y ausencia de macroporos. Por el contrario, las partículas de xenoinjerto presentan una morfología irregular con macroporos en su estructura. Existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en C, P y Ca entre el xenoinjerto y los aloinjertos (p < 0,05). La composición analizada de los aloinjertos mostró principalmente la presencia de C y O. Por el contrario, la composición del xenoinjerto fue principalmente Ca. Estas diferencias podrían influir en las propiedades osteogénicas de los aloinjertos y xenoinjertos. Este análisis proporciona información básica para comprender las propiedades fisicoquímicas de aloinjertos y xenoinjertos que facilitan la interacción célula-injerto.


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Bovinos , Aloenxertos/anatomia & histologia , Aloenxertos/química , Espectrometria por Raios X , Regeneração Óssea , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Porosidade , Transplante Ósseo , Xenoenxertos/anatomia & histologia , Xenoenxertos/química
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