Impacto del Material Particulado aéreo (MP 2, 5 ) sobre las hospitalizaciones por enfermedades respiratorias en niños: estudio caso-control alterno / Impact of Particulate Matter (PM 2, 5 ) and children's hospitalizations for respiratory diseases: a case cross-over study
Rev. chil. pediatr
; 90(2): 166-174, abr. 2019. tab
Article
in Spanish
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1003734
Responsible library:
CL1.1
RESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN:
Santiago de Chile con 7 millones de habitantes alcanza elevados niveles de contaminación atmosférica en invierno, el material particulado habitualmente excede los estándares de la OMS.OBJETIVO:
Evaluar la influencia de la contaminación atmosférica por material particulado en las hospitalizaciones por enfermedades respiratorias en niños, entre 2001 y 2005 en la Región Metropolitana de Chile, independientemente de la presencia ambiental de virus sincicial respiratorio (VRS). MATERIAL YMÉTODO:
72.479 hospitalizaciones públicas y privadas por enfermedades respiratorias de niños menores de 15 años residentes en la región del estudio se analizaron con un diseño de caso control alternante, con estratificación temporal. Se evaluó principalmente hospitalizaciones por enfermedades respiratorias (J00-J99), neumonía (J12-J18); asma (J21.0 - J21.9) y bronquiolitis (J45 - J46). Recopilándose diariamente temperatura, MP10, MP2,5, ozono, virus respiratorios (VRS) y humedad ambientales.RESULTADOS:
Los promedios de MP10 y MP2,5 fueron 81,5 y 41,2 pg/m3 respectivamente. El promedio de temperatura fue 12,8 °C y de la humedad del aire 72,6 %. Un aumento de 10 pg/m3 de MP25 con 1 y 2 días de rezago se asoció con un incremento de las hospitalizaciones por enfermedades respiratorias cercano a 2%, este porcentaje aumentó a 5% cuando la exposición fue con 8 días de rezago, reflejando sinergismo entre material particulado y virus respiratorio (VRS).CONCLUSIÓN:
La exposición breve a contaminación atmosférica puede provocar hospitalizaciones por enfermedades respiratorias en niños.ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
With seven million inhabitants, Santiago de Chile reaches high levels of air pollution in winter, the particulate matter usually exceeds WHO standards.OBJECTIVE:
To assess the influence of air pollution caused by particulate matter on children's hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases between 2001 and 2005 in the Metropolitan Region of Chile, independently from the environmental presence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). MATERIAL ANDMETHOD:
72,479 public and private hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases of children under 15 years of age residing in the study region were analyzed using a time-stratified alternating case-control design. The main evaluations were hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases (J00-J99), pneumonia (J12-J18); asthma (J21.0 - J21.9), and bronchiolitis (J45 - J46). Daily compilation of temperature data, PM10, PM2,5, ozone, respiratory virus (RSV), and environmental humidity.RESULTS:
Mean values of PM10 and PM2.5 were 81.5 and 41.2 pg/m3 respec tively. The average temperature was 12.8 °C and air humidity 72.6%. An increase of 10 pg/m3 of PM25 with one and two days of lag was associated with an hospitalizations increase due to respiratory diseases close to 2%, this percentage increased to 5% when the exposure was with eight days of lag, reflecting synergism between particulate matter and respiratory viruses (RSV).CONCLUSION:
Short air pollution exposure can lead to children's hospitalizations due to respiratory diseases.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Health context:
Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas
/
SDG3 - Health and Well-Being
Health problem:
Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health
/
Goal 10: Communicable diseases
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Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases
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Target 3.9: Reduce the amount of deaths produced by dangerous chemicals and the pollution of the air, water and soil
Database:
LILACS
Main subject:
Respiratory Tract Diseases
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Air Pollutants
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Air Pollution
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Environmental Exposure
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Particulate Matter
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Hospitalization
Type of study:
Controlled clinical trial
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Diagnostic study
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Etiology study
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Prognostic study
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Risk factors
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Child
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Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
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Male
/
Infant, Newborn
Country/Region as subject:
South America
/
Chile
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Rev. chil. pediatr
Journal subject:
Pediatrics
Year:
2019
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Chile
Institution/Affiliation country:
Universidad de Chile/CL
/
Universidad de Los Andes/CL