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Intervención multi-componente en la prevención de la obesidad infantil como medida de salud pública / Multi-component intervention in the prevention of childhood obesity as a public health measure
Cuevas Casa, Henry; Aguinaga Romero, Gabriela; Gonzalez Andrade, Fabricio.
Affiliation
  • Cuevas Casa, Henry; Universidad Central del Ecuador. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Unidad de Medicina Traslacional. Quito. EC
  • Aguinaga Romero, Gabriela; Universidad Central del Ecuador. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Unidad de Medicina Traslacional. Quito. EC
  • Gonzalez Andrade, Fabricio; Universidad Central del Ecuador. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Unidad de Medicina Traslacional. Quito. EC
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Quito) ; 42(2): 149-161, dic.2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1005178
Responsible library: EC107
RESUMEN

Objetivos:

se propone identificar y revisar aquellas estrategias potenciales que incluyan un enfoque multifacético a la hora de hacer frente a la obesidad en niños escolarizados. De acuerdo a la evidencia más reciente, las intervenciones más efectivas para combatir la obesidad infantil son aquellas que involucran actividad física, educación nutricional y entornos de apoyo. Así, en esta revisión nos centramos en buscar dichas intervenciones, que además incluyan seguimientos a medio y largo plazo, monitoreo y evaluación, que son críticos para mantener una acción efectiva. Material y

métodos:

se incluyó una revisión de artículos científicos publicados en bases de datos especializadas como Pubmed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CCTR), ScienceDirect, Scielo, La Biblioteca Cochrane Plus y la página web de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (http//www.who.int).

Resultados:

de 199 artículos potenciales, sólo 8 fueron incluidos en esta revisión. Los resultados mostraron que aquellas intervenciones multi-componente y de largo plazo tienen beneficios sobre IMC, actividad física y elecciones alimentarias. Sin embargo, pocos estudios mostraron cambios significativos sobre los hábitos alimentarios generales y sobre la prevalencia de la obesidad. También, se observó que las intervenciones multicomponente que se llevaron a cabo tanto en países en desarrollo de Latinoamérica, como en países desarrollados tuvieron resultados similares.

Conclusión:

esta revisión demuestra que pueden ocurrir cambios sobre las medidas antropométricas, la actividad física y las elecciones alimentarias cuando se llevan a cabo intervenciones multicomponente en ambientes a nivel de la educación académica primaria, sin importar la localización geográfica, pero manteniendo similar metodología y materiales (AU)
ABSTRACT

Objective:

it is proposed to identify and review potential strategies that include a multifaceted approach when dealing with obesity in school children. According to the most recent evidence, the most effective interventions to combat childhood obesity are those that involve physical activity, Nutrition education, and supportive environments. Thus, in this review we focus on looking for such interventions, which also include Monitoring in the medium and long term, monitoring and evaluation, which are critical to maintain effective action. Material and

methods:

a review of scientific articles published in specialized databases such as Pubmed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CCTR), ScienceDirect, Scielo, The Cochrane Library Plus and the website of the World Health Organization (http//www.who.int).

Results:

of 199 potential articles, only 8 were included in this review. The results showed that multi-component and long-term interventions have benefits on BMI, physical activity and food choices. However, few studies showed significant changes in generaldietary habits and the prevalence of obesity. Also, it was observe that the multicomponent interventions that were carried out both in developing countries in Latin America, and in developed countries had similar results.

Conclusion:

this review demonstrates that changes can occur on anthropometric measures, physical activity and food choices when multicomponent interventions are carried out in environments at the level of primary academic education, regardless of geographical location, but maintaining similar methodology and materials.(AU)
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Health problem: Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 / Endocrine System Diseases / Obesity / Environmental Health / Noncommunicable Diseases / Nutrition Database: LILACS Main subject: Public Health / Child Mortality / Pediatric Obesity Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors Aspects: Social determinants of health / Patient-preference Limits: Child, preschool / Humans / Infant / Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Quito) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2017 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Ecuador Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Central del Ecuador/EC
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Health problem: Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 / Endocrine System Diseases / Obesity / Environmental Health / Noncommunicable Diseases / Nutrition Database: LILACS Main subject: Public Health / Child Mortality / Pediatric Obesity Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors Aspects: Social determinants of health / Patient-preference Limits: Child, preschool / Humans / Infant / Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Quito) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2017 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Ecuador Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Central del Ecuador/EC
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