Gigantomastia gravídica / Gestational gigantomastia

RESUMEN

Introducción La gigantomastia gravídica es una entidad poco frecuente, de etiología desconocida, con una incidencia de 1 en 100.000 embarazos. Se caracteriza por un crecimiento mamario excesivo e invalidante durante la gestación. El tratamiento durante el embarazo es sintomático, requiriendo resolución quirúrgica en el puerperio. Material y método Reporte de caso clínico de gigantomastia gravídica en el Hospital José María Penna de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos de Aires en 2017. Caso clínico Paciente de 22 años, primigesta que, cursando embarazo de 20 semanas, consulta por aumento exagerado del volumen mamario, de dos meses de evolución. Se realiza punción percutánea con aguja gruesa cuyo resultado informa parénquima mamario con ductos y lobulillos preservados. Se instaura tratamiento sintomático, decidiéndose la finalización del embarazo durante la semana 34 de gestación por gran disconfort materno asociado a disnea. Durante el puerperio, se inhibe la lactancia, y evoluciona favorablemente con involución mamaria parcial; actualmente se encuentra en plan quirúrgico. Conclusiones La gigantomastia gravídica es de presentación excepcional. El tratamiento es sintomático durante la gestación siendo la resolución quirúrgica fundamental en el puerperio. El manejo multidisciplinario es indispensable.

ABSTRACT

Introduction Gestational gigantomastia is an unusual condition of unknown origin, which occurs in approximately 1 out of every 100.000 pregnancies. It is defined as an excessive and invalidating mammary hypertrophy which develops during pregnancy. Supportive care for symptomatic relief is offered during pregnancy, but surgical approach and reduction mammoplasty is usually warranted after childbirth. Materials and method The following is a case report of a patient with gestational gigantomastia who was treated at the Hospital Jose Maria Penna de Buenos Aires in 2017. Clinical vignette This is the clinical case of a 22-year-old primigravida, who presented at 20 weeks of pregnancy. She complained of exaggerated bilateral increase in breast volume over the previous two months. Core needle biopsy informed presence of normal breast parenchyma with normal ducts and lobes. Supportive treatment was initiated for symptom relief. Elective termination of pregnancy at 34 weeks was decided because of great materna discomfort and dyspnea. After childbirth, lactation was suppressed and the patient is currently awaiting surgical correction. Conclusions Gestational gigantomastia is an exceptionally rare condition. The therapeutic goal during pregnancy is usually symptom relief. Surgical correction is essential after childbirth and interdisciplinary management is mandatory.