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Inmunizaciones en niños, adolescentes y adultos inmunosuprimidos / Immunizations in children, adolescent and adult immunocompromised hosts
Villena, Rodolfo; Durán, Luisa.
Affiliation
  • Villena, Rodolfo; Clínica Las Condes. Departamento de Pediatría. Santiago. CL
  • Durán, Luisa; Clínica Las Condes. Departamento de Medicina Interna. Santiago. CL
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 31(3/4): 304-316, mayo.-ago. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1223757
Responsible library: CL1.1
RESUMEN
Los pacientes inmunosuprimidos presentan un riesgo mayor de infecciones, debido a sus disfunciones inmunes, producto de la actividad de su enfermedad y la terapia inmunosupresora. El uso de vacunas disminuye este riesgo, otorgando protección directa e indirecta, a través de la vacunación del paciente y sus contactos. Las vacunas inactivadas han demostrado un perfil de seguridad adecuado en estos pacientes, por lo que no están contraindicadas, aunque su respuesta inmune puede ser inadecuada. Las vacunas vivas atenuadas, formalmente contraindicadas, poseen una información creciente que permite evaluar su riesgo/beneficio de manera individual. Por este motivo es necesario procurar mantener el calendario de vacunas actualizado y complementado, evitando el retraso en esquemas de vacunación y poniéndolo al día lo antes posible, con estrategias basadas en el individuo. Para llevar a cabo esto, se debe conocer y considerar los intervalos entre las vacunas, los esquemas acelerados, la solicitud de vacunas especiales, las aprobaciones vigentes y, finalmente, sus contraindicaciones.
ABSTRACT
Immunecompromised patients are at higher risk of infections due to their immune dysfunction caused by ongoing disease processes and immunosuppressive therapy. Patient vaccination or vaccination of the people in contact with patients diminishes their risk of infection. Although the immune response of immunocompromised patients might be impaired, the use of inactivated vaccines is safe and it is not contraindicated in these patients. Formerly, live attenuated vaccines were contraindicated in immunecompromised patients, but recently more data supports their use when evaluating case by case the risks and benefits of their application. Thus, it is important to keep and up-to-date, taylor-based and enhanced vaccination schedule in these cases. For this, specialists need to be informed about the availability of regular and special vaccines, their current approvals, vaccine administration protocols under specific situations and vaccine contraindications.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 10: Communicable diseases / Goal 5: Medicines, vaccines and health technologies / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Vaccines / Communicable Disease Control / Immunosuppression Therapy / Immunocompromised Host Type of study: Practice guideline Aspects: Social determinants of health Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica Las Condes/CL

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 10: Communicable diseases / Goal 5: Medicines, vaccines and health technologies / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Vaccines / Communicable Disease Control / Immunosuppression Therapy / Immunocompromised Host Type of study: Practice guideline Aspects: Social determinants of health Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica Las Condes/CL
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