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Síndrome CHARGE: reporte de caso / CHARGE syndrome: case report
Acosta-Aragón, María A; Arias-Linthon, Stephany; Tobar-Solarte, Juan Camilo.
Affiliation
  • Acosta-Aragón, María A; Universidad del Cauca. Hospital Universitario San José. Popayán. CO
  • Arias-Linthon, Stephany; Hospital Universitario San José. Popayán. CO
  • Tobar-Solarte, Juan Camilo; Clínica La Estancia. Popayán. CO
Med. lab ; 25(1): 441-447, 2021. tabs, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1292917
Responsible library: CO373.9
RESUMEN
El síndrome CHARGE es un trastorno genético raro que generalmente se diagnostica durante el período prenatal o neonatal, con la identificación de numerosas anomalías dismórficas y congénitas, como coloboma, defectos cardiacos, atresia de coanas, retraso del crecimiento, hipogonadismo y defectos auditivos, con una incidencia de 1 por cada 12.000 a 15.000 nacidos vivos. Presenta un patrón de herencia autosómico dominante, y entre el 60% y el 70% de los casos se deben a mutaciones que alteran la secuencia del gen CHD7 en el cromosoma 8, las cuales en su mayoría (>90%) son mutaciones de novo. Se describe el caso de una paciente de 6 años con sospecha de síndrome de malformaciones múltiples, que presentó al examen físico talla baja, pabellones de baja implantación, frente amplia, antecedentes de atresia esofágica, hipoacusia neurosensorial, coloboma y riñón en herradura, los cuales son criterios mayores y menores para el diagnóstico clínico de la entidad. Posteriormente, se realizó secuenciación del exoma completo, detectándose alteración del gen CHD7, que confirmó el diagnóstico de síndrome CHARGE. Se debe tener presente que, aunque la prueba molecular confirma el diagnóstico, un gran porcentaje de los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de síndrome CHARGE no presentan alteraciones en la secuencia de este gen; por lo tanto, el diagnóstico clínico, basado en las alteraciones fenotípicas, continúa demostrando su relevancia
ABSTRACT
CHARGE syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, which is usually diagnosed during the prenatal or neonatal period with the identification of numerous dysmorphic and congenital abnormalities, characterized by coloboma, heart defects, choanal atresia, retarded growth and development, hypogonadism, and hearing defects, with an incidence of 1 in every 12,000 to 15,000 live births. It has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, and between 60% and 70% of cases are caused by mutations in the CHD7 gene at chromosome 8, with the majority (>90%) of mutations occurring de novo. The case of a 6-year-old patient with a multiple malformation syndrome is described, who presented during the physical examination with short stature, ear abnormalities, prominent forehead, a history of esophageal atresia, sensorineural hearing loss, coloboma and horseshoe kidney, which are major and minor criteria for the clinical diagnosis of this condition. Subsequently, complete exome sequencing was performed, detecting a mutation in the CHD7 gene, that confirmed the diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome. It should be noted that although the molecular test confirms the diagnosis, a large percentage of patients with a clinical diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome do not have mutations in this gene sequence; therefore, clinical diagnosis, based on phenotypic features, continues demonstrating its relevance
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: CHARGE Syndrome Type of study: Prognostic study Language: Spanish Journal: Med. lab Journal subject: Bacteriology / Medicine Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica La Estancia/CO / Hospital Universitario San José/CO / Universidad del Cauca/CO

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: CHARGE Syndrome Type of study: Prognostic study Language: Spanish Journal: Med. lab Journal subject: Bacteriology / Medicine Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Clínica La Estancia/CO / Hospital Universitario San José/CO / Universidad del Cauca/CO
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