Autoimagen, autoestima y depresión en escolares y adolescentes con y sin obesidad / Self-image, self-esteem and depression in children and adolescents with and without obesity
Gac. méd. Méx
; Gac. méd. Méx;158(3): 124-129, may.-jun. 2022. tab, graf
Article
in Es
|
LILACS-Express
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1404827
Responsible library:
MX1.1
RESUMEN
Resumen Introducción:
La obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública mundial. En México, la prevalencia es de 35 % y continúa ascendiendo.Objetivo:
Determinar la correlación entre autoimagen, autoestima y depresión en niños de ocho a 14 años con y sin obesidad.Métodos:
Estudio transversal comparativo de 295 niños 116 niños con sobrepeso u obesidad (grupo 1) y 179 sin obesidad (grupo 2). Se registró índice de masa corporal, escolaridad, aprovechamiento escolar, conflictos escolares, nivel socioeconómico, autoimagen (actual, deseada), satisfacción, autoestima y presencia de depresión. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, rho de Spearman y U de Mann-Whitney; p ≤ 0.05 se consideró significativa.Resultados:
En el grupo 1, 53.4 % de los niños se autopercibió con normopeso y en 77.6 % la autoimagen deseada era normopeso; 67.2 % deseaba ser más delgado; en 53.4 % la autoestima era elevada; 75.9 % se observó sin depresión. En el grupo 2, en 79.3 % la autoimagen actual era normopeso y la autoimagen deseada en 85.5 % fue normopeso; 35.2 % deseaba ser más delgado; la autoestima era elevada en 49.7 % y 77.1 % no presentaba depresión. Se identificaron correlaciones significativas en autoestima-depresión (r = 0.228) y autoestima-nivel socioeconómico (r = 0.130).Conclusiones:
La autoimagen actual y la satisfacción corporal son diferentes en niños y adolescentes con y sin obesidad. La relación de la autoestima y síntomas depresivos inicia desde la edad escolar.ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction:
In Mexico, the prevalence of childhood obesity is 35%, and it continues to increaseObjective:
To determine the correlation between self-image, self-esteem and depression in children aged 8 to 14 years with and without obesity.Methods:
Cross-sectional, comparative study of 295 children 116 with overweight/obesity (group 1) and 179 with normal weight (group 2). Body mass index, scholarship, school achievement, school problems, socioeconomic status, self-image (current, desired), satisfaction, self-esteem and presence of depression were recorded. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's rho and Mann-Whitney's U-test were used; a p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.Results:
In group 1, 53.4% perceived themselves as with normal weight, and in 77.6%, the desired self-image was normal weight; 67.2% wanted to be slimmer; in 53.4%, self-esteem was high, and 75.9% had no depression. In group 2, current self-image was normal weight in 79.3%, and the desired self-image was normal weight in 85.5%; 35.2% wanted to be slimmer; self-esteem was high in 49.7% and 77.1% had no depression. Significant correlations were observed for self-esteem-depression (r = 0.228) and self-esteem-socioeconomic status (r = 0.130).Conclusions:
Current self-image and body satisfaction are different with and without obesity. The relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms begins at school age.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
LILACS
Type of study:
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Language:
Es
Journal:
Gac. méd. Méx
Journal subject:
MEDICINA
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Mexico
Country of publication:
Mexico