Magnitud y tendencia de la desnutrición y factores asociados con baja talla en niños menores de cinco años en México, Ensanut 2018-19 / Magnitude and trends of malnutrition, and stunting associated factors among children under five years old in Mexico, Ensanut 2018-19
Salud pública Méx
; 63(3): 339-349, may.-jul. 2021. tab, graf
Article
in Spanish
|
LILACS-Express
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1432254
Responsible library:
MX1.1
RESUMEN
Resumen Objetivo:
Actualizar la prevalencia de desnutrición y sus tendencias en los últimos 30 años e identificar factores asociados con la baja talla en una muestra representativa nacional de niños <5 años en México. Material ymétodos:
Se estimaron prevalencias de desnutrición en <5 años en 2018-19 y se compararon con prevalencias de los últimos 30 años. Se estudiaron asociaciones de factores geográficos, del hogar, maternos e individuales con baja talla, utilizando regresión logística múltiple.Resultados:
El 4.8% de los niños <5 años presentó bajo peso, 14.2% baja talla y 1.4% emaciación. Entre 1988-2012 hubo un descenso en baja talla interrumpido entre 2012-2018. La baja talla se asoció positivamente con residencia rural, región Sur, hogares más pobres, madres indígenas y mayor número de hijos, y negativamente con diversidad dietética.Conclusiones:
La desnutrición crónica es un problema persistente asociado con factores de vulnerabilidad social, cuya tendencia descendente de 30 años se interrumpió entre 2012-2018. Es imperativo implementar una estrategia nacional de prevención de baja talla.ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective:
To update malnutrition prevalence and its trends over the last 30 years and identify factors associated with stunting in a national sample of children <5 y in Mexico. Materials andmethods:
Malnutrition prevalences in children <5 y in 2018-19 were compared with prevalences from the previous 30 years. Associations of stunting with geographic, household, maternal and individual factors were assessed using multiple logistic regressions.Results:
4.8% of children <5 y were underweight, 14.2% stunted and 1.4% wasted. Between 1988-2012 a decreasing trend in stunting was observed that was interrupted between 2012-2018. Stunting was positively associated with children living in rural localities, the Southern Region, poorer households, with indigenous mothers or whose mothers had a greater number of children. A negative association was found with diet diversity.Conclusions:
Stunting is a persistent problem associated with social vulnerability that had been declining in the last 30 years; however its descending trend was inter- rupted between 2012 and 2018. It is imperative to implement a national strategy for the prevention of stunting.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
LILACS
Type of study:
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Country/Region as subject:
Mexico
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Salud pública Méx
Journal subject:
Public Health
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Mexico
Institution/Affiliation country:
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/MX
/
Unidad Aguascalientes/MX