Chronic medical conditions associated with invasive pneumococcal diseases in inpatients in teaching hospitals in São Paulo city: Estimating antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype-coverage of pneumococcal vaccines
Braz. j. infect. dis
; 27(2): 102746, 2023. tab
Article
in English
|
LILACS-Express
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1439688
Responsible library:
BR1.1
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background:
Chronic conditions increase the risk of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD). Pneumococcal vaccination remarkably reduced IPD morbimortality in vulnerable populations. In Brazil, pneumococcal vaccines are included in the National Immunization Program (PNI) PCV10 for < 2 years-old, and PPV23 for high risk-patients aged ≥ 2 years and institutionalized ≥ 60 years. PCV13 is available in private clinics and recommended in the PNI for individuals with certain underlying conditions.Methods:
A retrospective study was performed using clinical data from all inpatients from five hospitals with IPD from 2016 to 2018 and the corresponding data on serotype and antimicrobial-non-susceptibility of pneumococcus. Vaccine-serotype-coverage was estimated. Patients were classified according to presence of comorbidities healthy, without comorbidities; at-risk, included immunocompetent persons with specific medical conditions; high-risk, with immunocompromising conditions and othersResults:
406 IPD cases were evaluated. Among 324 cases with information on medical conditions, children < 5 years were mostly healthy (55.9%), while presence of comorbidity prevailed in adults ≥ 18 years old (> 82.0%). Presence of ≥1 risk condition was reported in ≥ 34.8% of adults. High-risk conditions were more frequent than at-risk in all age groups. Among high-risk comorbidity (n = 211), cancer (28%), HIV/AIDS (25.7%) and hematological diseases (24.5%) were the most frequent. Among at-risk conditions (n = 89), asthma (16.5%) and diabetes (8.1%) were the most frequent. Among 404 isolates, 42.9% belonged to five serotypes 19A (14.1%), 3 (8.7%), 6C (7.7%), 4 and 8 (6.2% each); 19A and 6C expressed antimicrobial-non-susceptibility. The vaccine-serotype-coverage was PCV10, 19.1%, PCV13, 43.8%; PCV15, 47.8%; PCV20, 62.9%; PCV21, 65.8%, and PPV23, 67.3%. Information on hospital outcome was available for 283 patients, of which 28.6% died. Mortality was 54.2% for those with meningitis.Conclusion:
Vaccine with expanded valence of serotypes is necessary to offer broad prevention to IPD. The present data contribute to pneumococcal vaccination public health policies for vulnerable patients, mainly those with comorbidity and the elderly.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Health context:
Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas
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SDG3 - Health and Well-Being
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SDG3 - Target 3.3 End transmission of communicable diseases
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SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5
Health problem:
Goal 10: Communicable diseases
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Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5
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Meningitis
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Infections
Database:
LILACS
Language:
English
Journal:
Braz. j. infect. dis
Journal subject:
Communicable Diseases
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
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Project document
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
Centro de Bacteriologia/BR
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Hospital Sírio-Libanês/BR
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Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual (HSPE)/BR
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Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas (IIER)/BR
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Santa Casa de Sao Paulo/BR
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Sociedade Brasileira de Imunizações (SBim)/BR
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Universidade de São Paulo/BR