Encefalopatia neonatal por COVID-19 con estatus convulsivo / COVID-19 neonatal encephalopathy and convulsive status

ABSTRACT

We present a patient with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease who subsequently developed encephalopathy. The patient was brought to a primary care center due to slight symptoms, however the patient presented a seizure with generalized tonic-clonic movements with respiratory depression and reversible cardiorespiratory arrest, requiring orotracheal intubation and midazolam. After that the patient was transferred to the NICU where he was admitted with signs of dehydration, and he presented another reversible cardiac arrest. Given an inadequate response to weaning from mechanical ventilation, troponin increasing and chest X-ray suggestive of a pneumonic process, ampicillin sulbactam was considered. and took a tracheal secretion cultures and COVID-19 test, finding and methicillin sensitive , as well as a COVID-19 positive PCR test antibiotic management for bacterial pneumonia was started. It is to highlight the importance of recognizing that acute encephalitis is one of the most serious complications of pediatric viral infections, since it can lead to motor and intellectual sequelae, and even epilepsy in some cases.

RESUMEN

Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 6 meses que presentó cuadro clínico de emesis, convulsiones tónico-clónicas generalizadas y dos paradas cardiorrespiratorias, requiriendo intubación orotraqueal y soporte inotrópico en la UCIN. Se obtuvo prueba de PCR COVID-19 positiva, se realizó el diagnóstico de encefalitis viral aguda y se inició manejo con antiepiléptico intravenoso, sedoanalgesia, soporte inotrópico, corticoide intravenoso, inmunoglobulina humana, N-acetilcisteína y tromboprofilaxis. Debido a la instauración atípica de la infección por COVID-19 en este grupo de edad, discutimos el espectro de presentación de la encefalitis viral en pediatría y su manejo desafiante.