Compreensão das mulheres sobre o câncer de colo do útero e suas formas de prevenção em um município do interior da Bahia, Brasil / Understanding by women on the cervical cancer and its prevention forms in a municipal-ity in the interior of Bahia, Brazil
Rev. APS
; 19(4): 546-555, out. 2016.
Article
in Portuguese
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-832213
Responsible library:
BR378.1
RESUMO
O Câncer de Colo do Útero (CCU) é considerado um grave problema de saúde pública, tendo em vista as elevadas e permanentes taxas de incidência. Há uma grande probabilidade de cura, quando diagnosticado precocemente, porém permanece um desafio ampliar a cobertura do exame de rastreamento, o Papanicolaou. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a compreensão das mulheres, na faixa etária de 25 a 59 anos, sobre o CCU e suas formas de prevenção. Tratou-se de estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. A análise de dados se deu por meio da análise de conteúdo. Foram realizadas vinte entrevistas semiestruturadas com mulheres que frequentavam Unidades de Saúde da Família. As mulheres demonstraram desconhecimento e compreensão superficial sobre o CCU. Também se depreendeu que o CCU e o exame de Papanicolaou desencadeiam sentimentos como o medo, o constrangimento e a vergonha. Alguns fatores foram percebidos como barreiras ao exame de rastreamento a limitação dos horários de funcionamento dos serviços de saúde, a demora na marcação do exame e o excesso de burocracia. Concluiu-se que há a necessidade de reorganização dos serviços de saúde com ênfase em ações de promoção da saúde e de melhoria do acesso, como estratégia para aumentar a cobertura do exame Papanicolaou e, consequentemente, reduzir a incidência do CCU.
ABSTRACT
Cervical Cancer (CC) is considered a serious public health problem in view of the high and permanent incidence rates. There is a high cure probability when it is early diagnosed, but it is still a challenge to extend the coverage of the screening examination, the Pap one. The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding that women have, aged 25 to 59 years old, on the CC and its prevention forms. This was an exploratory descriptive study of qualitative approach. Data analysis was by means of content analysis. Twenty semi-structured interviews with women attending Family Healthcare Units were carried out. These women demonstrated unawareness and superficial understanding on the CC. In addition, it was inferred that the CC and the Pap examination trigger feelings such as fear, embarrassment and shame. Some factors were observed as barriers to the screening test such as the limitation of working hours of health services, the delay in the examination scheduling and excessive bureaucracy. It was concluded that there is a need for the reorganization of the health services with an emphasis on health promotion actions and improving the access, as a strategy to increase the coverage of the Pap examination and, consequently, to reduce the CC incidence.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Health context:
SDG3 - Target 3.7 Universal access to health services related to reproductive and sexual health
/
Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas
/
SDG3 - Health and Well-Being
Health problem:
Sexually Transmitted Infections: Prevention and Care
/
Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health
/
Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases
Database:
LILACS
Main subject:
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Type of study:
Prognostic study
/
Qualitative research
/
Screening study
Country/Region as subject:
South America
/
Brazil
Language:
Portuguese
Journal:
Rev. APS
Journal subject:
Medicina
/
Delivery of Health Care
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
Universidade Federal da Bahia/BR