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Morfología radicular de los terceros molares / Root canal morphology of third molars
Olguín Martínez, Tania Graciela; Amarillas Escobar, Enrique Darío.
Affiliation
  • Olguín Martínez, Tania Graciela; UNAM. FES Zaragoza. México. D.F. MX
  • Amarillas Escobar, Enrique Darío; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco. Xochimilco. MX
Rev. ADM ; 74(1): 17-24, ene.-feb. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869348
Responsible library: AR29.1
RESUMEN

Introducción:

la morfología radicular es una característica del tercermolar que puede incrementar el grado de difi cultad de la odontectomía,lo que hace necesario indagar sobre sus aspectos anatómicos más frecuentes.

Objetivo:

Conocer la morfología radicular de los terceros molares. Material y

métodos:

Se valoraron 155 tomografías computarizadas cone-beam (TCCB) de pacientes ≥ 16 años de edad, de ambos sexos, con al menos un tercer molar retenido o erupcionado con desarrollo radicular completo. Las características estudiadas fueron el número, longitud, diámetro y forma de las raíces.

Resultados:

Los terceros molares superiores presentaron con mayor frecuencia raíces fusionadas (57.9 por ciento) en forma cónica sobre su eje (27.2 por ciento). Los casos con raíces separadas mostraron más comúnmente una curvatura hacia distal en el tercio medio de la raíz vestíbulo-mesial (35 por ciento), mientras que la forma predominante de la raíz vestíbulo-distal fue la recta sobre su eje longitudinal (28.8 por ciento). Las formas más frecuentes de la raíz palatina fueron la recta sobre su eje longitudinal y la recta palatinizada conigual número de casos (18.7 por ciento), siendo ésta la que tuvo mayor longitud (11.7 ± 1.7 mm) y diámetro en sus diferentes tercios (cervical 4.8 ± 0.9 mm, medio 4 ± 1.1 mm y apical 2.8 ± 0.9 mm). Los terceros molaresinferiores presentaron mayormente dos raíces (75.9 por ciento) convergentes yseparadas por un septum óseo (38.1 por ciento), siendo la raíz vestíbulo-distal la que presentó mayor diámetro en sus diferentes tercios (4.1 ± 1 mm,3.4 ± 0.7 mm y 2.3 ± 0.6 mm, respectivamente).

Conclusiones:

Las características de las raíces de los terceros molares observadas en la TCCB se acercan a las descripciones anatómicas. Se observaron, además, múltiples variaciones en su forma, tanto en las fusionadas como en las separadas. Este aspecto morfológico debe ser tomado en cuenta para prever el grado de dificultad de la odontectomía del tercer molar.
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The root morphology of third molars is something thatcan make extraction more diffi cult, which is why research is needed intothe most common anatomical aspects of this characteristic.

Objective:

To understand the root morphology of the third molar. Material and

method:

155 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images ofpatients aged ≥ 16 years of both sexes with at least one retained orerupted third molar with complete root development were examined.The features assessed were number, length, diameter, and shape ofthe roots.

Results:

The upper third molar was found to have a greaterfrequency of fused (57.9%) and cone-shaped roots (27.2%). Cases ofseparate roots most commonly displayed distal curvature towards themiddle third of the mesiobuccal root (35%), while the distobuccal rootwas more typically straight along its longitudinal axis (28.8%). Thepalatal root was most commonly either straight along its longitudinalaxis or its palatal side (18.7% in both cases), the latter being longer(11.7 ± 1.7 mm) and having a greater diameter in each of its threesections (cervical 4.8 ± 0.9 mm, middle 4 ± 1.1 mm, and apical 2.8 ±0.9 mm). The presence of two converging roots (75.9%) and two rootsseparated by an interdental septum (38.1%) was more common in lowerthird molars, with the distobuccal root having the greatest diameterin each of its three sections (cervical, 4.1 ± 1 mm, middle, 3.4 ± 0.7mm, and apical 2.3 ± 0.6 mm). Fused roots were longer (11.6 ± 1.8mm) and most commonly cone-shaped with distal tapering (27.7%).

Conclusions:

The characteristics observed in the CBCT images of theroots of the third molars were similar to those described in anatomicalliterature. Furthermore, multiple variations were found in their shape, inboth the fused and the separate root canals. This morphological aspectshould be taken into consideration in order to determine the degree ofdiffi culty of a third molar extraction.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: Tooth Root / Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Molar, Third Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. ADM Journal subject: Dentistry / Orthodontics Year: 2017 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: UNAM/MX / Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco/MX
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: Tooth Root / Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Molar, Third Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. ADM Journal subject: Dentistry / Orthodontics Year: 2017 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Mexico Institution/Affiliation country: UNAM/MX / Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco/MX
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