Disseminated toxoplasmosis in a patient with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Autops. Case Rep
; 8(1): e2018012, Jan.-Mar. 2018. ilus
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-905427
Responsible library:
BR26.7
ABSTRACT
Extracerebral toxoplasmosis, with pulmonary involvement and shock, is a rare form of toxoplasmosis in patients with advanced AIDS. It can mimic pneumocystosis, histoplasmosis, and disseminated tuberculosis, and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of causes of respiratory failure and fulminant disease in this group of individuals, especially in areas where the Toxoplasma gondii infection is highly prevalent and in those without proper use of antimicrobial prophylaxis. We report the case of a 46-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department with uremia, requiring urgent dialysis. During the laboratorial investigation, the patient had confirmed HIV infection, with a low CD4+ peripheral T-cell count (74 cells/µL). During hospitalization, the patient presented drug-induced hepatitis due to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in a prophylactic dose, requiring interruption of this medication. On the 55th day of hospitalization, the patient developed refractory shock and died. At the autopsy, disseminated toxoplasmosis with encephalitis and severe necrotizing pneumonia were diagnosed, with numerous tachyzoites in the areas of pulmonary necrosis.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Health context:
Neglected Diseases
Health problem:
Neglected Diseases
/
Tuberculosis
/
Zoonoses
Database:
LILACS
Main subject:
Pneumonia
/
Shock
/
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral
/
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
/
Infectious Encephalitis
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Autops. Case Rep
Journal subject:
Anatomia
/
Patologia Cl¡nica
/
Patologia Legal
Year:
2018
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
University of Sao Paulo/BR