Carotid body Thermoreceptors, sympathetic neural activation, and cardiometabolic disease
Biol. Res
; 49: 1-9, 2016. ilus, graf
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-950840
Responsible library:
CL1.1
ABSTRACT
The carotid body (CB) is the main peripheral chemoreceptor that senses the arterial PO2, PCO2 and pH. In response to hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis, carotid chemosensory discharge elicits reflex respiratory, autonomic and cardiovascular adjustments. The classical construct considers the CB as the main peripheral oxygen sensor, triggering reflex physiological responses to acute hypoxemia and facilitating the ventilatory acclimation to chronic hypoxemia at high altitude. However, a growing body of experimental evidence supports the novel concept that an abnormally enhanced CB chemosensory input to the brainstem contributes to overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, and consequent pathology. Indeed, the CB has been implicated in several diseases associated with increases in central sympathetic outflow. These include hypertension, heart failure, sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and metabolic syndrome. Indeed, ablation of the CB has been proposed for the treatment of severe and resistant hypertension in humans. In this review, we will analyze and discuss new evidence supporting an important role for the CB chemoreceptor in the progression of autonomic and cardiorespiratory alterations induced by heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and metabolic syndrome.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
LILACS
Main subject:
Sympathetic Nervous System
/
Carotid Body
/
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
/
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
/
Heart Failure
/
Metabolic Diseases
Type of study:
Etiology study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Biol. Res
Journal subject:
Biology
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Chile
/
United States
Institution/Affiliation country:
Mayo Clinic/US
/
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile/CL
/
Universidad Autônoma de Chile/CL
/
Universidad de Valparaiso/CL