Fatores associados a quedas em idosos com catarata / Factors associated with falls in older adults with cataracts

RESUMO

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar os fatores associados a quedas em idosos comunitários com diagnóstico de catarata. Trata-se de pesquisa transversal e analítica. A amostra se constituiu de idosos comunitários residentes no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos questionário sociodemográfico; Timed Up and Go; Short Battery Performance Test; a Plataforma de Equilíbrio Biodex Balance System; o Índice de Katz, escala de Lawton; Mini-Exame do Estado Mental; e os critérios de fragilidade de John Hopkins Medical Institutions. Para análise empregou-se regressão logística binária. Participaram 142 idosos (85 destes com catarata), com média de idade de 69,39 anos (± 5,67). Observou-se associação das quedas com sexo feminino (OR4,45) e pontuação submáxima no SPPB (OR3,53) entre os pacientes com catarata, ao passo que a presença de multimorbidades (OR5,10) foi o fator de risco para os idosos sem catarata. Os dados sugerem fatores de risco diferentes para idosos com diagnóstico de catarata.

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate factors associated with falls in community-dwelling older adults diagnosed with cataracts. An analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of community-dwelling older adults residing in the Federal District of Brazil. Interviews and assessment tools were administered, such as the Timed Up and Go test, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Biodex Balance System, Katz Index, Lawton Scale, Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire and Mini Mental State Examination. Statistical analysis involved binary logistic regression. One hundred forty-two older adults (85 with cataracts) participated in the study (mean age 69.39 ± 5.67 years). Falls were associated with the female sex (OR 4.45) and sub-maximum score on the SPPB (OR 3.53) among patients with cataracts, whereas multimorbidity (OR 5.10) was the risk factor risk for older adults without cataracts. The data suggest different risk factors for falls among older adults diagnosed with cataracts.