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Intestinal parasitism and related risk factors for primary school students in João Pessoa, northeast Brazil / Parasitismo intestinal e fatores de risco relacionados entre os escolares do ensino fundamental I e II na cidade de João Pessoa, no nordeste do Brasil
Monteiro, Ana Carolina da Silva; Soares, Danielly de Araújo; Diniz, Sônia Cristina Pereira de Oliveira Ramalho; Cavalcante, Ulanna Maria Bastos; Silva, Allan Batista; Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo; Freitas, Francisca Inês de Sousa; Souza, Tatiene Correia de; Lima, Caliandra Maria Bezerra de Luna.
Affiliation
  • Monteiro, Ana Carolina da Silva; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Soares, Danielly de Araújo; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Diniz, Sônia Cristina Pereira de Oliveira Ramalho; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Cavalcante, Ulanna Maria Bastos; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Silva, Allan Batista; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Vianna, Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Freitas, Francisca Inês de Sousa; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Souza, Tatiene Correia de; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
  • Lima, Caliandra Maria Bezerra de Luna; Federal University of Paraíba. Paraíba. BR
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 34(4): 1062-1072, july/aug. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-967273
Responsible library: BR396.1
ABSTRACT
The goal of the present study was to determine both prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasitism in school students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single primary school located in João Pessoa, from February to August in 2016. The students were selected from the age group of 5-16 years. Of the school total of 341 students, 150 fecal specimens (from participants) were collected and were evaluated by three

methods:

Hoffman, Pons, and Janer (HPJ); Rugai; and the Paratest® Kit. A questionnaire concerning socio-demographic, environmental and behavioral variables was also applied. A logistic regression model was used to explain the occurrence of intestinal parasitism and the associated risk factors. The prevalence was 38.7% of students, with positive samples being more prevalent in the male students (47.0%). The most common parasite was Giardia lamblia 13 (14.8%), followed by Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 8 (9%), Enterobius vermicularis 5 (5.7%), Strongyloides stercolaris 2 (2.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides 2 (2.3%) and Trichuris trichiura 2 (2.3%). Among the enterocommensals, the most frequent was Endolimax nana 36 (40.9%) followed by Entamoeba coli 20 (22.7%). The variables that presented statistical significance (pvalue< 0.05) ) together with the Odds Ratio (OR) were gender (female) (OR=2.4; 95% CI, 0.19-0.98), family allowance participant (yes) (OR=4.4; 95% CI, 1.84-10.66), number of rooms in the residence (OR=3.5; 95% CI, 1.13-10.64), family nucleus (OR=7.0; 95% CI, 1.46-12.43), fruit and vegeTable hygiene (OR=2.0; 95% CI, 1.23-3.36), use of anthelmintic (OR= 0.02; 95% CI, 0.001-0.30) and detection of worms (OR=25.0; 95% CI, 20.6-30.10). Diseases caused by protozoa were more prevalent. The analyzed risk factors demonstrate that disease transmission happens through differing routes. Thus, appropriate health intervention strategies should be implemented to reduce the burden of intestinal parasites for school students and their families.
RESUMO
O presente estudo tem como objetivo determinar a prevalência e os fatores de risco associados ao parasitismo intestinal em escolares. Este estudo transversal foi conduzido em uma escola primária localizada na cidade de João Pessoa, de fevereiro a agosto de 2016. As crianças foram selecionadas entre 5 a 16 anos de idade. De 341 alunos, foram coletados 150 espécimes fecais e foram avaliados por três

métodos:

Método de Hoffman, Pons e Janer (HPJ); Kit Rugai e Paratest®. Foi preenchido um questionário sobre dados de variáveis sociodemográficas, ambientais e de comportamento. O modelo de regressão logística foi utilizado para explicar a ocorrência de parasitismo intestinal e os fatores de risco associados. A prevalência foi de 38,7% das crianças, sendo a amostra positiva mais predominante nas crianças do sexo masculino (47,0%). O parasita mais comum foi Giardia lamblia 13 (14,8%), seguido de Entamoeba histolytica / dispar 8 (9%), Enterobius vermicularis 5 (5,7%), Strongyloides stercolaris 2 (2,3%), Ascaris lumbricoides 2 (2,3%) e Trichuris Trichiura 2 (2,3%). Entre os enterocomensais, a maioria das freqüências foi Endolimax nana 36 (40,9%) seguido de Entamoeba coli 20 (22,7%). As variáveis que apresentaram significância estatística (p-valor <0,05) foram gênero (feminino) (OR = 2,4; IC 95%; 0,19-0,98), recebe subsídio familiar (sim) (OR = 4,4; 95% CI, 1,84-10,66), número de quartos na residência (OR = 3,5; IC 95%, 1,13-10,64), núcleo familiar (OR = 7,0; IC 95%; 1,46- 12,43), higiene das frutas e legumes (OR = 2,0, IC 95%, 1,23-3,36), uso de vermifugio (OR = 0,02, IC 95%, 0,001-0,30) e visualização de vermes (OR = 25,0; IC 95%, 20,6-30,10). As doenças causadas por protozoários foram mais prevalentes. Os fatores de risco analisados demonstram que a transmissão de doenças ocorre por rotas diferentes. Portanto, as estratégias de intervenção em saúde devem ser implementadas para as crianças da escola e suas famílias para reduzir o peso dos parasitas intestinais.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / Neglected Diseases Health problem: Target 3.9: Reduce the amount of deaths produced by dangerous chemicals and the pollution of the air, water and soil / Helminthiasis / Neglected Diseases / Zoonoses Database: LILACS Main subject: Parasitic Diseases / Students / Nutritional Status / Basic Sanitation Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Aspects: Social determinants of health Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Biosci. j. (Online) Journal subject: Agricultura / Disciplinas das Ciˆncias Biol¢gicas / Pesquisa Interdisciplinar Year: 2018 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Paraíba/BR

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / Neglected Diseases Health problem: Target 3.9: Reduce the amount of deaths produced by dangerous chemicals and the pollution of the air, water and soil / Helminthiasis / Neglected Diseases / Zoonoses Database: LILACS Main subject: Parasitic Diseases / Students / Nutritional Status / Basic Sanitation Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Aspects: Social determinants of health Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Biosci. j. (Online) Journal subject: Agricultura / Disciplinas das Ciˆncias Biol¢gicas / Pesquisa Interdisciplinar Year: 2018 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Paraíba/BR
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