Modificaciones de las células enteroendócrinas en gastritis por Helicobacter pylori. / [Enteroendocrine cells modifications in Helicobacter pylori gastritis]

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to analyze the modifications in the number and distribution of enteroendocrine cells (EEC) in antrum of patients with Helicobacter pylori (HE) gastritis. We also wanted to demonstrate their possible participation in the immune response. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-six (26) biopsies of gastric antrum from patients between the ages of 40 and 60 were used. Slides were stained with H&E, Giemsa for HP, and chromogranin A to visualize EEC. Five (5) patients were normal controls. Eleven (11) patients had antral chronic gastritis (ACG) with different grades of activity, and ten (10) patients had multifocal atrophic gastritis (MAG), both groups associated to HP. EEC were quantified in relation to 100 epithelial cells. Results were statistically compared. RESULTS: In the normal control group, EEC were sparsely distributed, deep in antral glands, with an average 19.51 EEC/100 epithelial cells. In ACG there were 12.01/100. Besides EEC were irregularly distributed, close to inflammatory areas, or near lymphoid follicles. CONCLUSION: The decrease in EEC is probably due to degranulation and later to a disappearance or inhibition of stem cells by inflammatory products in HP gastritis. The proximity of EEC to prominent inflammatory zones may indicate EEC modulate the immune response. They produce and excrete peptides that interact with membrane receptors found in T lymphocytes and macrophages.