Searching for biomarkers candidates of autism spectrum disorder with metabolic disorders evidences for a possible role of proteins and amino acids content in urine

ABSTRACT

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by conditions involving areas of social interaction, communication and behavior, as well as sensory sensitivity. Studies have reported an association of ASD with al terations in protein and amino acid metabolism. The aim of this study was to identify the profile of proteins and amino acids in the urine of children with ASD. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study with case-control design. The cases were male children (n=22) with ASD, aged 3 to 10 years, and the control group was formed by neuro-typical children (n=22), matched for sex and age. The determination of the amount and composition of proteins was performed by the Bradford method and the determination of the amount and composition of amino acids by ultra-efficient liquid chromatography (CLUE). Results: Alterations in protein and amino acid concentrations of arginine, glycine, leucine, threonine, aspartic acid, alanine, histidine, and tyrosine were identified in the urine of children with ASD. The abnormal levels of proteins and amino acids may be related to several symptoms observed in people with ASD. Conclusion: The concentration of total protein and amino acid profile in urine are good candidates as biomarkers for individuals with ASD.