Factores de riesgo de neumonía nosocomial en terapia intensiva. Hospital Dr Ernesto Guevara / Risk Factors for Nosocomial Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit of Dr Ernesto Guevara Hospital
Rev Electron
; 38(9)sept. 2013. tab
Article
in Spanish
| CUMED
| ID: cum-55352
Responsible library:
CU345.1
RESUMEN
Se realizó un estudio analítico, de tipo caso control pareados 12, para determinar los factores de riesgo de neumonía nosocomial en pacientes ingresados en terapia intensiva del Hospital Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna de Las Tunas, en el período de enero de 2010 a diciembre de 2011. El universo fue de 1035 pacientes ingresados en terapia intensiva (UCI), en dicho período, de ellos constituyeron la muestra, denominada casos, 56 pacientes que desarrollaron Neumonía Nosocomial durante su estadía en UCI. Para el control de los factores de confusión, por cada caso, se parearon dos pacientes sin diagnóstico de neumonía. La información se obtuvo de fuentes secundarias (historias clínicas). A los casos y a los controles se les llenó una planilla de vaciamiento de datos con las variables analizadas. Los datos se procesaron utilizando el paquete de programas estadísticos Epinfo, versión 6. Para el estudio de los factores de riesgo se realizaron análisis univariados, evaluándose ODDS RATIO, intervalo de confianza y probabilidad. Resultaron ser factores de riesgo para presentar neumonía nosocomial la intubación endotraqueal, los trastornos de conciencia, el aislamiento de bacilos no fermentadores, citrobacter diversus y/o klebsiella ssp., haber requerido neurocirugía, el uso de tratamiento antibiótico previo, antiácidos anti H2, nutrición parenteral y la estadía en UCI mayor de siete días (AU)
ABSTRACT
An analytic paired-case-control study was carried out to determine the risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Ernesto Guevara Hospital from January, 2010 to December, 2011. The universe included 1035 patients admitted to the ICU during that period. The sample, classified as cases, was made up by 56 cases that developed nosocomial pneumonia during their stay at the ICU. To control the confusion factors, two patients without a diagnosis of pneumonia were paired in each case. The information was taken from secondary sources (clinical history). A data form with the analyzed variables was filled to both the study and control cases. The data were processed by using the statistics software package called Epinfo, version 6. For the study of the risk factors unvaried analyses were made, assessing ODDS RATIO, confidence interval and probability. The risk factors for developing nosocomial pneumonia indentified with the study were endotracheal intubation, conscience disorders, the isolation of non-fermenting bacilli, Citrobacter diversus and/or Klebsiella ssp, history of neurosurgery, previous antibiotic therapy, use of anti-H2 antacids, parenteral nutrition and stay at the ICU for more than seven days (AU)
Full text:
Available
Collection:
National databases
/
Cuba
Health context:
SDG3 - Target 3.3 End transmission of communicable diseases
Health problem:
Pneumonia
Database:
CUMED
Main subject:
Cross Infection
/
Pneumonia, Bacterial
Type of study:
Etiology study
/
Observational study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Humans
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Rev Electron
Year:
2013
Document type:
Article
Institution/Affiliation country:
Hospital Dr Ernesto Guevara de la Serna/Cuba