Sepsis y meningitis neumocócica 2001-2003: incidencia, clínica e identificación de serotipos / Pneumococcal sepsis and meningitis, 2001-2003: incidence, clinical features and identification of serotypes
Acta pediatr. esp
; 63(1): 8-13, ene. 2005. ilus, tab
Article
in Es
| IBECS
| ID: ibc-038181
Responsible library:
ES1.1
Localization: ES1.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN
Objetivo:
Determinar las tasas de incidencia, características clínicas y serotipos causantes de meningitis y sepsis neumocócica en los últimos años. Material ymétodos:
Estudio prospectivo de los casos de sepsis y meningitis neumocócica que ingresaron en nuestro hospital entre enero de 2001 y febrero de 2003. Se aisló el germen en cultivo de líquido cefalorraquídeo y/o sangre. Se identificó el serotipo de neumococo en los casos que se produjeron en 2002 y 2003. Se analizan los parámetros epidemiológicos, bacteriológicos y clínicos.Resultados:
Se han diagnosticado 14 casos, en 12 niños; dos niños presentaron 2 episodios de meningitis y/o sepsis. La incidencia anual fue de 15,38 casos por cada 100.000 niños menores de 2 años y de 9,16 casos por cada 100.000 niños menores de 5 años de edad. El 67% eran menores de 2 años de edad. Todos los mayores de 2 años presentaban algún factor de riesgo de padecer enfermedad neumocócica invasora. Los serotipos identificados fueron 6B en cinco casos, 14 en dos y 18C en uno. El 69% de las cepas aisladas presentaba sensibilidad intermedia o resistencia a penicilina y el 54% mostraba resistencia a eritromicina. El 57% de los niños sufrieron complicaciones graves dos (14%) quedaron con secuelas neurológicas graves y 3 fallecieron (21 %).Conclusiones:
Las sepsis y meningitis neumocócicas tienen una alta morbimortalidad. En el último año, hemos observado un aumento importante de su incidencia. Todos los serotipos identificados están incluidos en la vacuna conjugada heptavalente. Actualmente, el método más eficaz para prevenir esta grave enfermedad es el uso generalizado de la vacuna heptavalenteABSTRACT
Objective. To determine the incidence, clinical features and serotypes implicated in pneumococcal sepsis and meningitis in recent years. Material and methods. We performed a prospective study of cases of pneumococcal sepsis and meningitis that occurred in our hospital between January, 2001 and February, 2003. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and/or blood cultures in all the patients. Serotyping was performed in the cases occurring in 2002 and 2003. The epidemiological, bacteriological and clinical characteristics were studied. Results. Fourteen cases were identified in 12 patients. Two children had recurrent meningitis and/or sepsis. From 0 to 2 years of age, the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis was 15.38 cases per 100,000 population per year, and from 0 to 5 years of age, it was 9.16 cases per 100,000 population per year. Eight patients (67%) were aged less than 2 years. All children older than 2 years had a predisposing disease. The most common serotype was 6B (5 cases). Penicillin-resistant strains were detected in 69% of cases and erythromycin-resistant strains in 54%. Fifty-seven percent of the children developed serious complications. Conclusions. Pneumococcal meningitis and sepsis are common causes of morbidity and mortality. Their incidence increased considerably over the past year. All the serotypes isolated were included in the heptavalent conjugate vaccine. The most effective way to combat these severe infections would be through widespread vaccination with the conjugate pneumococcal vaccine
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Collection:
National databases
/
Spain
Health context:
SDG3 - Health and Well-Being
/
Neglected Diseases
/
SDG3 - Target 3.3 End transmission of communicable diseases
/
SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5
Health problem:
Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases
/
Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5
/
Neglected Diseases
/
Zoonoses
/
Meningitis
/
Sepsis
/
Infections
Database:
IBECS
Main subject:
Vaccination
/
Meningitis, Bacterial
/
Meningitis, Pneumococcal
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Etiology study
/
Incidence study
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
/
Screening study
Limits:
Child
/
Humans
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Acta pediatr. esp
Year:
2005
Document type:
Article
Institution/Affiliation country:
Hospital «Virgen del Rocío»/España
/
Instituto de Salud «Carlos III»/España