El impacto emotivo del hospital. Implicaciones en la formación universitaria de los estudiantes de enfermería / The emotional impact of a hospital

RESUMEN

Se elabora un inventario de estrés específico para nuestro contexto que fue aplicado a una muestra de 87 estudiantes de la Escuela de Enfermería de Melilla. Los resultados nos permitieron establecer un orden jerárquico entre las experiencias clínicas evaluadas con mayor carga de estrés. Éstas fueron, en orden decreciente Fase terminal y muerte, Tolerancia al sufrimiento ajeno y Entorno hospitalario seguidas de Pacientes oncológicos, Pacientes psiquiátricos, Tolerancia a la agresividad y Enfermos infecciosos. A la luz de los resultados se ofrecen algunas sugerencias para el diseño de un programa de intervención que contribuya a mitigar y prevenir en lo posible el impacto emocional del estrés derivado de las experiencias clínicas

ABSTRACT

In light of the challenge to offer future nurses a quality university education, the authors identify and evaluate the diverse activities which nurses carry out during their clinical stays, which cause a major emotional impact; therefore these require greater attention, more knowledges and psychological resources with will aid them to successfully comply with this important aspect of their careers. With this goal in mind, the authors complied an inventory of specific stress factors for our context which was applied to a sample of 87 students at the school of nursing in Melilla. The results enabled the authors to establish a hierarchal order among the clinical experiences evaluated as having a greater stress load . These are those experiences, in descending order terminal phase patients and death, tolerating external suffering, and hospital environment followed by oncology patients, psychiatric patients, tolerating aggressiveness, and infectious diseases. In light of the results, the authors offer some suggestions for the design of an operational program which shall mitigate and prevent as is possible the emotional impact of stress caused by clinical experiences